Kuongorora uye Kuderedza Ruzha rweMagetsi muMaitiro Ekugadzira PCB Yakanyanya Kuwanda

Mukati PCB yepamusoro-soros, ruzha rwemagetsi runoonekwa senzira huru yekupindira. Chinyorwa chino chinoita ongororo yakakwana yehunhu nekwakabva ruzha rwemagetsi mumaPCB ane frequency yakakwira, uye chinopa mhinduro dzinoshanda uye dzinoshanda dzakavakirwa pamashandisirwo einjiniya.

A.Kuongororwa kweRuzha rweSimba reKupa Simba

Ruzha rwemagetsi runoreva ruzha rwunogadzirwa kana kukanganiswa nemagetsi pachawo. Kupindira uku kunoonekwa muzvinhu zvinotevera:

1. Ruzha rwakapararira runobva kuimpedance yepakutanga yemagetsi. Mumaseketi ane mafrequency akakwira, ruzha rwemagetsi runokanganisa zvakanyanya masaini ane mafrequency akakwira. Saka, chinodiwa chekutanga ruzha rushomamagetsiZvimwe zvakakosha ivhu rakachena uye magetsi.

Mumamiriro ezvinhu akanaka, simba remagetsi raizoveisina impedance, zvichikonzera ruzha rusina. Zvisinei, mukuita, simba remagetsi rine imwe impedance, iyo inopararira musimba rese remagetsi, zvichiita kuti ruzha ruve pamusoro. Saka, kuedza kunofanira kuitwa kuderedza impedance yesimba remagetsi. Zviri nani kuva nechinhu chakatsaurirwa ndege yemagetsiuyendege yepasi. Mukugadzira macircuit ane mafrequency akawanda, zvinowanzo shanda kugadzira magetsi muzvikamu pane muchimiro chebhazi, zvichiita kuti denderedzwa rirambe richitevera nzira neinterance shoma. Pamusoro pezvo, bhodhi remagetsi rinopadenderedzwa rechiratidzoyezviratidzo zvese zvinogadzirwa uye zvinogamuchirwa paPCB, nokudaro zvichideredza denderedzwa rechiratidzo uye zvichideredza ruzha.

2. Kupindirana kweCommon Mode Field: Rudzi urwu rwekupindirana rune chekuita neruzha ruri pakati pemagetsi nepasi. Runobva mukupindirana kunokonzerwa nerukoko runoumbwa necircuit yakakanganiswa uye voltage yecommon mode inobva panzvimbo yecommon reference. Hukuru hwacho hunoenderana nemagetsi nemagineti, uye simba rayo rakaderera.

Muchiitiko ichi, kudzikira kwemagetsi (Ic) kunotungamira kune voltage yemodhi yakafanana munhevedzanodenderedzwa razvino, zvichikanganisa chikamu chinogashira. Kanasimba remaginetiInotonga, voltage yemodhi yakajairika inogadzirwa muchikamu chepasi cheseji inopiwa nefomula:

ΔB mufomura (1) inomiririra shanduko musimba remagineti reinduction, rinoyerwa muWb/m²S inomiririra nzvimbo iri mu m².

Kunemunda wemagetsi, apo munda wemagetsi kukosha kwayo kunozivikanwa, voltage inokonzerwa inopiwa neEquation (2), iyo inowanzo shandiswa kana L=150/F kana pasi, F ichimiririramafungu emagetsi emagetsimuMHz. Kana muganho uyu ukadarika, kuverenga kwevoltage yepamusoro inokonzerwa kunogona kurerutswa seinotevera:

3. Kupindirana kweMunda weDifferential Mode: Izvi zvinoreva kupindirana kuripo pakati pemagetsi nemagetsitambo yemagetsi yekupinda nekubuditsasMukugadzirwa kwePCB chaiko, munyori akaona kuti mupiro wayo kune ruzha rwemagetsi hauna kukwana, saka unogona kusiiwa pano.
4. Kupindirana kweInterline: Rudzi urwu rwekupindirana rune chekuita nekupindirana pakati petambo dzemagetsi. Kana paine capacitance inopindirana (C) uye inductance inopindirana (M1-2) pakati pemasekete maviri akasiyana akaenzana, kupindirana kunozoonekwa musekete inopindirana kana paine voltage (VC) uye current (IC) musekete inopindirana:
   1. Voltage yakabatana kuburikidza ne capacitive impedance inopiwa neEquation (4), apo RV inomiririra kukosha kwakafanana kwekuramba kuri pedyo nekugumauyekuramba kwekupedzisirayedunhu rakakanganiswa.
   2. Kuramba kwemutsara kuburikidza nekubatanidza kweinductive: Kana paine ruzha rwemodhi yakajairika munzvimbo yekupindirana, kupindirana kweinterline kunowanzoonekwa mune ese ari maviri common mode uye differential mode.
5. Kubatanidza Tambo yeMagetsi: Chiitiko ichi chinoitika kana tambo yemagetsi ichitumira kukanganiswa kune zvimwe zvishandiso mushure mekubatwakupindira kwemagetsi kubva kuAC kana DC simba remagetsiIzvi zvinomiririra rudzi rwakasiyana rwekukanganiswa kweruzha rwemagetsi dunhu repamusoro-sorosZvakakosha kuziva kuti ruzha rwemagetsi runogona kunge rusiri rwekuzvigadzira, asi runogonawo kukonzerwa nekukanganiswa kwekunze, zvichikonzera kuti ruzha rwunogadzirwa rwega rwuve pamusoro (rwakapiswa kana kuitiswa), nokudaro ruchikanganisa mamwe maseketi kana zvishandiso.

• Matanho Ekudzivirira Kukanganiswa Kweruzha Rwemagetsi

Tichifunga nezvezviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana uye zvikonzero zvekukanganiswa kweruzha rwemagetsi zvakaongororwa pamusoro apa, mamiriro ezvinhu anokonzera ruzha rwemagetsi anogona kukanganiswa zvakanyanya, zvichidzivirira kukanganiswa kwacho zvinobudirira. Mhinduro dzinotevera dzinokurudzirwa:

• KuteereraBhodhi Kuburikidza neHoles: Kupfuura nemaburi kunodakuvhura kwekuchekas parukoko rwemagetsi kuti vagone kuyambuka. Kana kuvhurwa kwesimba remagetsi kwakakura zvakanyanya, zvinogona kukanganisa kutenderera kwechiratidzo, zvichimanikidza chiratidzo kuti chipfuure uye kuwedzera nzvimbo yekudzoka neruzha. Kana mimwe mitsara yechiratidzo yakabatana pedyo nekuvhurwa uye ichigovana kutenderera uku, kupindirana kwakajairika kunogona kutungamira mukutaurirana.
• Waya Yakakwana Yekushandisa Pakugadzika Matambo: Chiratidzo chega chega chinoda denderedzwa rayo rechiratidzo, nzvimbo yechiratidzo nenzvimbo yedenderedzwa ichichengetwa diki sezvinobvira, zvichiita kuti pave nekuenderana kwakafanana.
• Kuiswa kweFirita yeRuzha rweMagetsi: Iyi firita inonyatso deredza ruzha rwemagetsi emukati, ichivandudza sisitimukudzivirira kupindira uye kuchengetedzeka. Inoshanda senzira mbiriSefa yeRF, kusefa ruzha runopinzwa kubva patambo yemagetsi (kudzivirira kupindira kubva kune mimwe midziyo) uye ruzha rwunogadzirwa pacharwo (kudzivirira kupindirana nemimwe midziyo), pamwe nekupinzwa kwemodhi yakajairika yecross-mode.
• Kuparadzaniswa kweMagetsiTransformer: Izvi zvinoparadzanisa common-mode ground loop yetambo yechiratidzo che loopor yemagetsi, zvinobudirira kupatsanura common-mode loop current inogadzirwa pamafrequencies akakwira.
• Kudzora Simba: Kugadzirisa simba remagetsi rakachenesesa kunogona kuderedza ruzha rwesimba remagetsi zvakanyanya.
• Kubatanidza waya: Mitsetse yemagetsi inopinza nekuburitsa magetsi inofanira kuchengetedzwa kure nemucheto webhodhi re dielectric kudzivirira kugadzira mwaranzi uye kukanganisa mamwe maseketi kana michina.
• Simba reAnalog neDigital rakasiyana: Midziyo ine mafrequency akawandisa inowanzo nzwa ruzha rwedhijitari, saka zviviri izvi zvinofanira kuparadzaniswa uye kubatanidzwa pamwe chete pamusuwo wemagetsi. Kana chiratidzo chichifanira kuyambuka nzvimbo dzeanalog nedhijitari, denderedzwa rinogona kuiswa pamusoro pechiratidzo kuti nzvimbo yedenderedzwa iderere.
• Dzivisa Kubatanidza Magetsi Akasiyana Pakati Pezvikamu Zvakasiyana: Edza kuatenderedza kuti adzivise ruzha rwemagetsi kuti rusasanganiswe nyore nyore kuburikidza nehutachiona hwehutachiona.
• Zvikamu Zvinonzwa Kunzwa: Zvikamu zvakaita sema "phase-locked loops" (PLLs) zvinonzwa ruzha rwemagetsi zvakanyanya uye zvinofanira kuchengetedzwa kure nemagetsi.
• Kuiswa kweWaya yeMagetsi: Kuisa tambo yemagetsi padivi petambo yemagetsi, kunogona kuderedza denderedzwa remagiya uye kuderedza ruzha.
• Kuisa Pasi Panzira Yekupfuura: Kudzivirira ruzha rwakawanda rwunokonzerwa nekukanganiswa kwemagetsi pabhodhi redunhu uye kukanganiswa kwemagetsi ekunze, nzira yekupfuura inogona kuiswa pasi panzira yekupindira (kunze kwemwaranzi), zvichiita kuti ruzha rupfuure pasi uye kudzivirira kukanganiswa kwezvimwe zvishandiso nemidziyo.

Mhedziso:Ruzha rwemagetsi, rungave rwunobva zvakananga kana kuti zvisina kunanga kubva kumagetsi, runokanganisa dunhu. Pakuderedza simba rayo padunhu, nheyo huru inofanira kuteverwa: kuderedza simba remagetsi padunhu ukuwo kuderedza simba rezvinhu zvekunze kana dunhu pamagetsi kudzivirira kudzikira kwesimba remagetsi.