Menene PCB Mai Sauri?
Muna kiran PCB mai mitar watsa sigina sama da 1GHz da allon da'ira mai sauri.
Menene fa'idodin amfani da PCBs masu saurin gaske?
Domin inganta mitar sigina da kuma magance matsalar EMI na kayayyakin lantarki, an ƙera PCB masu sauri. Bayan ƙirar PCB mai sauri ya sami babban nasara, gudunmawarsa ga EMI tana ƙara zama muhimmi. Kusan kashi 60% na matsalolin EMI za a iya magance su ta hanyar PCB masu sauri.
Waɗanne kayan aiki ake amfani da su a cikin PCBs masu sauri?
Kayan aiki masu juriya ga zafi, taurin inji, da kuma inganci (aminci)
Kayan aiki masu sigogin Dk/Df masu karko (ƙaramin adadin bambancin da ke tattare da mita da muhalli)
Kayan aiki masu kyakkyawan ikon sarrafa juriya
Kayan da ke da ƙarancin kauri na saman takardar jan ƙarfe
Ana ba da shawarar zaɓar zane mai zare na gilashi mai ƙananan ramuka masu faɗi.
Wadanne shawarwari ya kamata in yi la'akari da su yayin ƙirƙirar PCB mai sauri?
An bayyana wasu shawarwari kan yadda ake tsara PCB mai sauri a ƙasa.
1) Yi amfani da software na ƙira tare da zaɓuɓɓukan ci gaba
Injiniyoyi suna buƙatar sanin manhajar ƙira wadda za ta iya samar da zaɓuɓɓuka na zamani. Kayan aikin software suna buƙatar fasaloli masu yawa don su iya tsara PCB masu sauri a cikin manhajar CAD. Kuna buƙatar fahimtar kayan aikin CAD masu ƙarfi sosai.
2) Hanyar hanya mai sauri
Idan ana maganar hanyar sadarwa mai sauri, masu tsara manhajoji suna buƙatar fahimtar ƙa'idodin hanyar sadarwa ta asali, gami da rashin yanke layukan ƙasa da kuma rage saurin. Saboda haka, don Allah a hana yin magana a kan layi ta hanyar sadarwa ta zamani, sannan a kare duk wani abu da zai iya haifar da tsangwama ga ingancin siginar.
3) Hanyar hanya tare da sarrafa impedance
Ga wasu sigina na kimanin 40-120 ohms, suna buƙatar daidaita impedance. Ana bayyana daidaiton impedance na halayen ta hanyar eriya da nau'ikan bambance-bambance da yawa.
Masu zane suna buƙatar fahimtar yadda za su ƙididdige faɗin hanyar sadarwa da kuma tarin ƙimar impedance da ake buƙata. Idan ƙimar impedance ba daidai ba ce, yana iya yin babban tasiri ga siginar, wanda zai iya haifar da gurɓataccen bayanai.
4) Alamun da suka dace da tsayi
Akwai layuka da yawa a cikin bas ɗin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya mai sauri da kuma bas ɗin haɗin gwiwa. Waɗannan layukan na iya aiki a mitoci masu yawa, don haka ya kamata a aika siginar a lokaci guda daga mai aikawa zuwa mai karɓa. Bugu da ƙari, yana buƙatar fasalin da ake kira daidaitawar tsayi. Saboda haka, ƙa'idodi mafi yawan suna ƙayyade ƙimar haƙuri da ke buƙatar daidaitawa da tsawon.
5) Rage yankin da'irar dawowa ta yanzu
Masu ƙira PCB masu sauri suna buƙatar bin ƙa'idodi na asali, kamar tsara layin ƙasa mai ci gaba da rage yankin da'irar dawowa ta yanzu ta hanyar inganta hanyar dawowa ta yanzu ta hanyar amfani da hanyar sadarwa, da kuma sanya hanyoyi da yawa da aka dinka.
Wadanne hanyoyi mafi kyau ne ake bi wajen kera PCB masu saurin gaske?
An ƙware ƙwarewar ƙira ta PCB mai sauri, wanda ke tabbatar da sahihancin sigina.
An zaɓi kayan PCB masu sauri yadda ya kamata don tabbatar da aikin watsa siginar.
Ana gudanar da sarrafa samarwa. Manyan wuraren sarrafawa yayin samarwa sune faɗin da'irori, tazara tsakanin layuka, hanyoyin da aka lulluɓe da tagulla, kauri na tagulla na da'irori, kauri na abin rufe fuska na solder, da sauransu.
Nawa ne kudin mallakar idan ana maganar PCB masu saurin gaske?
Wadannan abubuwa zasu shafi farashin PCBs masu saurin gudu.
Kayan aiki (kayan substrate, kauri na substrate, kauri na jan ƙarfe)
Kayan aikin da aka yi amfani da su
Wahalar samarwa
Bukatun abokin ciniki
Hanyar marufi da aka zaɓa
Hanyar isar da kaya da aka zaɓa
Yadda ake Zane PCB Mai Sauri?
Tsarin PCB mai sauri tsari ne mai rikitarwa wanda ke buƙatar cikakken la'akari da sigina, impedance, layukan watsawa, da sauran abubuwan fasaha da yawa. Abubuwan fasaha masu zuwa na iya ba da wasu bayanai.
Yi amfani da layuka da yawa don tsara hanyar da ta dace.
Gajeren layin da ke tsakanin fil ɗin na'urorin da'ira masu sauri, shi ne mafi kyau.
Aiwatar da kewayen ƙasa don mahimman layukan sigina ko na'urorin gida.
Layin siginar mita mai yawa da aka sanya a saman Layer yana da yuwuwar samar da babban hasken lantarki. Ya kamata a sanya layin siginar mita mai yawa tsakanin layin wutar lantarki da layin ƙasa. Hasken da aka samar zai ragu sosai saboda shaƙar raƙuman lantarki ta hanyar layin wutar lantarki da layin ƙasa.
Menene bambanci tsakanin PCB mai sauri da PCB na yau da kullun?
Ga PCB na yau da kullun, mutane suna damuwa da gajeriyar hanyar sadarwa, rufin gida, da sauran matsalolin wayar ƙarfe. Duk da haka, tare da neman ingantaccen aiki na samfuran lantarki, ana buƙatar ƙara yawan watsa sigina kuma mutane sun fi damuwa da ƙirar ingancin sigina na PCB mai sauri.
Akwai wasu muhimman abubuwan da ake la'akari da su yayin sarrafa PCBs masu sauri?
Abubuwan da ake la'akari da su musamman sun ta'allaka ne a cikin ƙira da samarwa na PCB mai sauri yayin sarrafa PCB mai sauri.
Ya kamata a daidaita tsawon hanyar da ke tsakanin layukan.
Bai kamata hanyar sadarwa ta wuce jiragen ƙasa marasa cikawa ba.
Kada a sanya wuraren gwaji a kan kowace layin sigina mai saurin gudu daban-daban.
Kada a yi amfani da layukan siginar sauri kusa ko ƙasa da lu'ulu'u, oscillators, kayan wutar lantarki masu sauyawa, ramukan hawa, na'urorin maganadisu, ko guntun siginar lokaci-lokaci.
Yi ƙoƙarin yin amfani da layukan sigina masu sauri a saman da ƙasan layukan tare da cikakken layin ƙasa mai ma'ana. Ba a ba da shawarar yin amfani da layin a cikin jirgin sama ba.
A kiyaye nisan da ke tsakanin siginar mai sauri zuwa gefen layin ƙasa mai ma'ana fiye da mil 90.
Kula da yadda ake sarrafa soket da wayoyi masu haɗawa.
Dole ne a sarrafa faɗin layin Coppe, sarari, da tsarin layout daidai don biyan ƙimar juriya mai ƙarfi.
Ana buƙatar gwaje-gwajen hana TDR lokacin da aka gama PCBs masu sauri.
Ya kamata a zaɓi nau'ikan kayan da suka dace don cika ayyukan da ake so.
Ana buƙatar kammala saman da aka yi da lebur don PCBs masu saurin gudu, kuma koyaushe muna ba da shawarar ENIG don maganin saman ENEPIG.
Menene matsakaicin saurin canja wurin bayanai da za a iya samu akan PCB mai sauri?
Matsakaicin saurin canja wurin bayanai a cikin ka'idar PCB mai sauri shine 10.0GPs (Gigabits a kowace daƙiƙa) a yanzu, amma wannan yana inganta akai-akai.
Akwai wasu kayan aiki ko matakai na musamman da ake buƙata yayin ƙirƙirar PCB mai sauri?
Akwai kayan aikin software na ƙirar PCB da kayan aikin kwaikwayo na EDA da ake buƙata lokacin ƙirƙirar PCB mai sauri kamar Cadence, Mentor, PADS, Altium, HyperLynx, HFSS, ADS, da sauransu.
Ya kamata a lura cewa kayan aikin software ɗaya na iya dacewa da aikin PCB ɗaya, yayin da wani kayan aikin software kuma za a iya amfani da shi mafi kyau ga wasu nau'ikan ayyuka. Saboda haka, yana da matuƙar muhimmanci a sami kayan aikin software na ƙirar PCB da ya dace.
Mene ne ainihin bayani dalla-dalla da masu samar da kayan PCB mai sauri?
Kayan aiki mai sauri na iya zama FR4, yumbu, PTFE ko kayan ƙarfafawa na PTFE tare da 1 Ghz zuwa 100 Ghz. Akwai shahararrun masu samar da kayan PCB masu sauri kamar: Rogers, ISOLA, Ventec, ITEQ, TUC, SHENGYI, Panasonic, Taconic, da sauransu.
Mene ne kurakuran da aka saba yi wajen zabar kayan PCB don tsarin radar?
Kurakuran da aka saba gani a cikin zaɓin kayan PCB don tsarin radar sun haɗa da dogaro da abu ɗaya kawai (misali, amfani da FR-4 don aikace-aikacen mita mai yawa), yin watsi da buƙatun sarrafa zafi, da kuma yin watsi da sarkakiyar kera kayan zamani.