Kutsegula Khodi Yopangira HDI: Zotsatira Zofunika Kwambiri za Mapangidwe a Micro-Via ndi Blind-Via pa Magwiridwe Antchito
Kutsegula Khodi Yopangira HDI: Zotsatira Zofunika Kwambiri za Micro - kudzera ndi Blind - kudzera mu Mapangidwe pa Magwiridwe Antchito
Mu gawo lovuta la HDI (High - Density Interconnect) kapangidwe ka bolodi la circuit, mapangidwe a micro - via ndi blind - via ali ngati ma code ofunikira obisika mu maze ya circuit, omwe amachita gawo lofunika kwambiri pakugwira ntchito kwa bolodi la circuit. Kwa mainjiniya odzipereka ku kapangidwe ka HDI, kumvetsetsa mozama ndikugwiritsa ntchito bwino zinthu ziwirizi za kapangidwe ndiye maziko othana ndi zopinga za kapangidwe ndikupeza magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri.
1.Micro - kudzera mu Design: The Fine Channel kupita ku High - Performance
(1) Zotsatira za Micro - kudzera mu Kukula ndi Kuchulukana pa Kugwira Ntchito kwa Magetsi
Ma micro-vias, monga njira zazing'ono zolumikizira mizere ya ma circuit pa zigawo zosiyanasiyana za circuit board, kusankha kukula ndi kuchuluka kwawo kumagwirizana mwachindunji ndi magwiridwe antchito amagetsi a circuit board. Muzochitika zogwiritsira ntchito ma signal transmission a ultra-high-speed, monga PCI-Express 6.0 interface yokhala ndi chizindikiro chapamwamba ngati 64Gbps, mphamvu ya parasitic ndi inductance ya ma micro-vias zimakhala zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe zimakhudza kukhulupirika kwa chizindikiro. Malinga ndi chiphunzitso cha electromagnetic, mphamvu ya parasitic ya ma micro-vias ndi yofanana ndi sikweya ya via diameter, ndipo inductance ya parasitic ndi yofanana ndi kuya kwa via. Chifukwa chake, kugwiritsa ntchito ma micro-vias ang'onoang'ono (monga 50μm kapena ngakhale ang'onoang'ono) kungachepetse kwambiri mphamvu ya parasitic ndikuchepetsa kuchedwa ndi kuchepa panthawi yotumizira chizindikiro. Nthawi yomweyo, kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa ma micro-vias kuti mupeze kulumikizana kwamagetsi kogwira mtima mkati mwa malo ochepa a circuit board kumathandiza kukonza magwiridwe antchito a ma signal transmission ndikukwaniritsa zofunikira zolimba za kutumiza deta mwachangu kuti pakhale kuchuluka kwa mzere.
(2) Kusankha ndi Kukonza Ma Micro - kudzera mu Processing Technology
Kulondola ndi ubwino wa ukadaulo wopangira zinthu pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya micro-through processing kumatsimikiza mwachindunji momwe zinthu zimagwirira ntchito. Pakadali pano, ukadaulo wopangira zinthu pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya micro-through processing umaphatikizapo kuboola pogwiritsa ntchito laser, plasma etching, ndi zina zotero. Ukadaulo woboola pogwiritsa ntchito laser, womwe uli ndi ubwino wake wolondola kwambiri komanso kusinthasintha kwakukulu, umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zinthu. Mabodi a circuit a HDI. Pogwiritsira ntchito njira yobowola pogwiritsa ntchito laser, mainjiniya ayenera kuwongolera molondola magawo monga mphamvu, m'lifupi mwa pulse, ndi malo olunjika a laser. Mwachitsanzo, mphamvu yochulukirapo ya laser ingayambitse mpweya woipa pakhoma la dzenje, kuonjezera kukana ndikukhudza kutumiza kwa chizindikiro; m'lifupi mwa pulse ndi malo olunjika olakwika zingayambitse kusintha kwa kukula ndi mawonekedwe osakhazikika a micro-vias. Mwa kukonza magawo awa ndikuphatikiza zida zapamwamba zobowola ndi makina owongolera okha, kukonza bwino kwambiri micro-vias kumatha kuchitika, kuonetsetsa kuti makoma osalala opanda mabowo opanda ma burrs, potero kumawonjezera kudalirika ndi magwiridwe antchito amagetsi a micro-vias.
2. Akhungu - kudzera mu Kapangidwe: Njira Yofunika Kwambiri Yowongolera Kukhulupirika kwa Ma Signal
(1) Kufananiza Makhungu - kudzera mu Mitundu ndi Zochitika Zogwiritsira Ntchito
Ma blind-vias amatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: top-layer blind-vias, bottom-layer blind-vias, ndi middle-layer blind-vias malinga ndi malo awo ndi njira zolumikizira mu circuit board. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma blind-vias ndi yoyenera pazochitika zosiyanasiyana zogwiritsira ntchito. M'mapangidwe omwe ali ndi zofunikira kwambiri pakukula kwa malo ndi khalidwe la kutumiza ma signal, monga ma board a ma smartphone, top-layer blind-vias ndi bottom-layer blind-vias amatha kuchepetsa bwino kuchuluka kwa ma via pamwamba pa circuit board, kuchepetsa kusokoneza ma signal, komanso nthawi yomweyo kupeza kulumikizana kogwira mtima pakati pa zigawo za pamwamba ndi mizere yamkati. M'mapangidwe a board a multi-layer, ma middle-layer blind-vias nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulumikiza mizere ya ma signal mu mid-layer, kukonza njira yotumizira ma signal, ndikuchepetsa kutayika kwa ma signal mkati mwa circuit board. Mwachitsanzo, popanga ma board a ma server apamwamba, pogwiritsa ntchito moyenera ma middle-layer blind-vias, ma signal a ma module osiyanasiyana ogwira ntchito amatha kuchotsedwa bwino, ma signal crosstalk amatha kupewedwa, ndipo kukhazikika ndi kudalirika kwa dongosolo kumatha kukonzedwa.
(2) Kukonza Kukhulupirika kwa Zizindikiro ndi Akhungu - kudzera mu Kapangidwe
Kapangidwe ka Blind - via kali ndi ubwino waukulu pakukweza umphumphu wa chizindikiro. Poyerekeza ndi through - vias, blind - vias zimatha kuchepetsa kuwunikira ndi kufalikira kwa zizindikiro pa vias ndikuchepetsa kutayika kwa kutumiza kwa chizindikiro. Izi zili choncho chifukwa blind - vias zimangolumikiza gawo la zigawo za bolodi la circuit, kupewa kuti chizindikirocho chidutse m'zigawo zambiri za dielectric mu through - via, motero kuchepetsa kuyanjana pakati pa chizindikiro ndi malo ozungulira. Mu kapangidwe ka circuit ya digito yothamanga kwambiri, umphumphu wa chizindikiro ndiye chinsinsi chotsimikizira magwiridwe antchito a dongosolo. Mwa kupanga bwino malo, kukula, ndi chiwerengero cha blind - vias ndikuphatikiza ukadaulo wolondola wa impedance control, kuwunikira kwa chizindikiro ndi crosstalk zitha kuchepetsedwa bwino, kuonetsetsa kuti kutumiza kwa zizindikiro pa bolodi la circuit kuli kokhazikika. Mwachitsanzo, popanga circuit yolumikizirana ya serial yothamanga kwambiri, kukonza blind - vias pamalo ofunikira panjira yotumizira chizindikiro ndikukonza kufananiza pakati pa kukula kwa blind - vias ndi mizere kumatha kusintha kwambiri chiŵerengero cha phokoso la chizindikiro ndikuwonjezera kulondola ndi kudalirika kwa kutumiza deta.
3. Kukonza Kogwirizana kwa Mapangidwe Ang'onoang'ono - kudzera ndi Blind - kudzera
(1) Zoganizira za Kapangidwe Kogwirizana ndi Magwiridwe Antchito Onse
Mu kapangidwe ka HDI yeniyeni, ma micro - vias ndi ma blind - vias sapezeka okha koma amafunika kugwira ntchito limodzi kuti akonze bwino magwiridwe antchito a circuit board. Mainjiniya ayenera kuyamba ndi zofunikira zonse za circuit board, kuganizira bwino zinthu monga njira zotumizira ma signal, ma network ogawa magetsi, ndi zofunikira pakutaya kutentha, ndikukonzekera bwino kapangidwe ka ma micro - vias ndi ma blind - vias. Mwachitsanzo, popanga circuit ya ma frequency apamwamba, kuti achepetse kutayika kwa ma signal, ma micro - vias ndi ma blind - vias ayenera kukonzedwa bwino pa signal transmission yafupi kwambiri ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kulumikizana kwawo ndi mizere kuli ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino amagetsi. Nthawi yomweyo, popanga ma power layers ndi ground layers, kugwiritsa ntchito mwanzeru ma micro - vias ndi ma blind - vias kuti akonze bwino kugawa kwa magetsi ndi nthaka kungachepetse bwino kusokoneza kwa phokoso lamagetsi pa ma signal ndikukweza kukhazikika kwa dongosolo.
(2) Kuyerekeza ndi Kutsimikizira mu Njira Yopangira
Chifukwa cha zovuta zomwe mapangidwe a micro - via ndi blind - amakhudza pa magwiridwe antchito a bolodi la circuit, kudalira kokha chidziwitso pakupanga nthawi zambiri kumalephera kupeza zotsatira zabwino. Chifukwa chake, popanga mapulani, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zida zapamwamba za Electronic Design Automation (EDA) kuti muyesere ndikutsimikizira. Kudzera mu pulogalamu ya 3D electromagnetic field simulation monga HFSS ndi CST, mainjiniya amatha kutsanzira molondola magwiridwe antchito amagetsi a micro - vias ndi blind - vias pama frequency osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza magawo a parasitic, kutayika kwa ma signal transmission, ndi crosstalk. Malinga ndi zotsatira za simulation, kukonza ndikusintha kapangidwe kake kungathandize kupeza ndikuthetsa mavuto omwe angakhalepo musanapange zinthu zenizeni, kukweza kuchuluka kwa kupambana ndi magwiridwe antchito a kapangidwe kake. Mwachitsanzo, popanga bolodi latsopano la HDI circuit, kudzera mu simulation analysis, zimapezeka kuti blind - via design m'dera linalake imayambitsa crosstalk yochulukirapo ya ma signal. Mainjiniya amatha kuchepetsa bwino crosstalk ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ma signal ali bwino mwa kusintha malo, kukula kwa blind - vias, kapena kuwonjezera zotchingira.
Rich Full Joy ndi munthu wotsogola pakupanga HDI. Ndi mvula yake yayikulu yaukadaulo komanso ndalama zake zopitilira muyeso, ikuwonetsa ukatswiri wodabwitsa mu kapangidwe ka micro - via ndi blind - kudzera mu mapangidwe ndi njira zopangira. Potengera bolodi la HDI circuit la 5G base stations mwachitsanzo, Rich Full Joy yasintha kwambiri mavuto ochepetsa komanso kusokoneza ma signals panthawi yotumiza ma band ambiri mwa kukonza mapangidwe a micro - via ndi blind -, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kufalikira kwa signals ya 5G kukhale kokulirapo komanso kuchuluka kwa kutumiza kukhale kokhazikika, komanso kukulitsa bwino khalidwe la kulumikizana. Pakupanga ma board a HDI circuit a ma seva apamwamba, Rich Full Joy imagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wapamwamba wa micro - processing ndi ma blind - processing schemes kuti athetse vuto la zolakwika zotumizira deta zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kulankhulana kwa ma signals, kukonza kwambiri kukhazikika kwa magwiridwe antchito a seva ndi kukonza deta, ndikupereka chitsimikizo cholimba cha maziko a hardware pamapulogalamu amakampani. Kupambana kumeneku sikungowonetsa mphamvu yabwino ya Rich Full Joy popanga HDI komanso kumapereka chithandizo champhamvu pakukweza zinthu zamagetsi m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kukhala mnzake wodalirika kwa mainjiniya ambiri opanga HDI.
