Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa AOI ndi SPI20240904?

Kumvetsetsa Kuyang'anira SPI: Chinsinsi cha Kupanga Zamagetsi Zodalirika

Pankhani yopanga zamagetsi, kulondola ndi kudalirika ndizofunikira kwambiri. Ukadaulo wa Surface Mount (SMT) wasintha kwambiri makampani, zomwe zathandiza kupanga zida zamagetsi zazing'ono komanso zogwira ntchito bwino. Komabe, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ma circuits ndi zigawo, kuonetsetsa kuti zinthu zamagetsi izi ndi zabwino komanso magwiridwe antchito a zinthuzi kwakhala kovuta kwambiri. Apa ndi pomwe Solder Paste Inspection (SPI) imayamba kugwira ntchito. Kuyang'anira SPI ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yowongolera khalidwe mu SMT yomwe imathandiza kusunga miyezo yapamwamba popanga zamagetsi. M'nkhaniyi, tifufuza mwatsatanetsatane zaKuyang'anira SPI, kufunika kwake, njira zake, ndi momwe zimakhudzira ubwino wonse wa ma assemblies amagetsi.

Kodi kuwunika kwa SPI n'chiyani? 

Kuyang'anira Solder Paste (SPI) kumatanthauza njira yowunikira momwe solder paste imagwiritsidwira ntchito pa bolodi losindikizidwa (PCB) musanayike zinthu zamagetsi. Solder paste ndi chisakanizo cha solder flux ndi ufa wa solder womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga malo olumikizirana pakati pa zinthu zamagetsi ndi PCB. Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino solder paste ndikofunikira chifukwa kumakhudza kudalirika ndi magwiridwe antchito a chinthu chomaliza. SPI imawonetsetsa kuti solder paste imagwiritsiridwa ntchito molondola, mochuluka, komanso m'malo oyenera, kuchepetsa mwayi wa zolakwika pakumanga komaliza.

Nchifukwa chiyani kugwiritsa ntchito SPI inspection popanga zamagetsi?

1. Kupewa Zolakwika: SPI imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri popewa zolakwika zomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri monga milatho yosokera, kusakwanira kwa solder, komanso kusakhazikika bwino kwa zigawo. Mwa kuzindikira mavutowa koyambirira kwa njira yopangira, SPI imathandiza kupewa kukonzanso ndi kukonza zinthu mokwera mtengo.

2. Kudalirika Kowonjezereka: Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino solder phala ndikofunikira popanga malo odalirika olumikizira solder omwe amatha kupirira kupsinjika kwa makina ndi kutentha. SPI imawonetsetsa kuti solder phala imagwiritsidwa ntchito mofanana komanso molondola, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chipangizo chamagetsi chikhale chodalirika komanso chokhalitsa.

3. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Ndalama Moyenera: Kuzindikira ndi kuthana ndi mavuto okhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito solder paste kumayambiriro kwa kupanga ndikotsika mtengo kuposa kuthana ndi mavuto pambuyo poti zinthu zayikidwa kapena kugulitsidwa. SPI imathandiza kuchepetsa nthawi yogwira ntchito yopanga komanso kuchepetsa zinyalala za zinthu.

4. Kutsatira Miyezo: Makampani ambiri amafuna kutsatira miyezo ndi malamulo enaake abwino. SPI imathandiza opanga kukwaniritsa miyezo imeneyi poonetsetsa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito solder phala kukukwaniritsa zofunikira.

Kodi njira zowunikira za SPI ndi ziti?

SPI ikhoza kuchitidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana, iliyonse ili ndi ubwino wake ndi ntchito zake. Njira zazikulu zikuphatikizapo:

1.Kuyang'anira Mawonekedwe Odziyendetsa (AOI): Iyi ndi njira yodziwika bwino ya SPI, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito makamera okhala ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba komanso ma algorithms ogwiritsira ntchito zithunzi kuti iwunike momwe solder paste imagwirira ntchito. Makina a AOI amatha kuzindikira zolakwika monga solder paste yochulukirapo kapena yosakwanira, kusakhazikika bwino, ndi kulumikizana. Makina awa ndi othandiza kwambiri ndipo amatha kukonza ma PCB ambiri mwachangu.

2.Kuyang'anira X-ray: Kuwunika kwa X-ray kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira mavuto omwe sangaonekere ndi maso kapena kudzera mu njira zodziwika bwino zowunikira. Ndikothandiza kwambiri powunika kapangidwe ka mkati mwa ma PCB ambiri komanso kuzindikira mavuto monga milatho yobisika kapena malo opanda kanthu.

3. Kuyang'ana Pamanja: Ngakhale kuti sikofala kwambiri popanga zinthu zambiri, kuyang'ana pamanja kungagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga zinthu zazing'ono kapena ngati njira yowonjezera. Oyang'anira ophunzitsidwa bwino amawona momwe zinthu zimagwiritsidwira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito solder phala ndikugwiritsa ntchito zida monga magalasi okulitsira kuti adziwe zolakwika.

4. Kuyang'anira Laser: Makina a SPI opangidwa ndi laser amagwiritsa ntchito ma laser poyesa kutalika ndi kuchuluka kwa malo osungira ma solder paste. Njirayi imapereka miyeso yolondola ndipo ndi yothandiza pozindikira mavuto okhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa ma phala ndi kufanana kwawo.

Kodi magawo ofunikira mu SPI Inspection ndi ati?

Magawo angapo ofunikira amawunikidwa panthawi yowunikira SPI kuti atsimikizire kuti solder phala imagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera. Magawo awa akuphatikizapo:

1. Kuchuluka kwa Solder Paste: Kuchuluka kwa solder phala yomwe imayikidwa pa pad iliyonse kuyenera kukhala mkati mwa malire odziwika. Kuchuluka kapena kuchepa kwa phala kungayambitse zolakwika m'malo olumikizira solder.

2. Kukhuthala kwa Paste: Kukhuthala kwa gawo la solder phala kuyenera kukhala kofanana kuti zitsimikizire kuti zigawozo zimanyowa bwino komanso zimamatira. Kusiyanasiyana kwa makulidwe a paste kungakhudze ubwino wa solder phala.

3. Kulinganiza: Phala lothira liyenera kulumikizidwa bwino ndi ma PCB pads. Kusalinganiza bwino kungayambitse kusakhazikika bwino kwa malo olumikizirana ndi solder komanso mavuto omwe angachitike chifukwa cha kuyika kwa zigawo.

4. Kugawa kwa Paste: Kugawa kwa solder phala mofanana pa PCB ndikofunikira kuti pakhale solder yokhazikika. Makina a SPI amawunika kugawa kwa phala mofanana kuti apewe mavuto monga solder voids kapena bridge.

Kodi Mungatsimikizire Bwanji Ubwino Wosindikiza wa Solder Paste?

● Liwiro la Squeegee: Liwiro la kuyenda kwa chosindikizira limatsimikizira nthawi yomwe solder paste ikupezeka kuti "igubuduzidwe" m'mabowo a stencil ndi pa ma pad a PCB. Kawirikawiri, 25mm pa sekondi imagwiritsidwa ntchito koma izi zimasinthasintha kutengera kukula kwa mabowo mkati mwa stencil ndi solder paste yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito.

● Kupanikizika kwa Squeegee: Pa nthawi yosindikiza, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yokwanira kutalika konse kwa tsamba lofinyira kuti muwonetsetse kuti stencil yapukutidwa bwino. Kupanikizika kochepa kungayambitse "kupopera" kwa phala pa stencil, kusakhazikika bwino, komanso kusamutsidwa kosakwanira ku PCB. Kupanikizika kwambiri kungayambitse "kutulutsa" phala kuchokera m'mabowo akuluakulu, kuwonongeka kwambiri kwa stencil ndi zofinyira, komanso kungayambitse "kutuluka magazi" kwa phala pakati pa stencil ndi PCB. Nthawi zambiri pa kupanikizika kwa squeegee ndi magalamu 500 a mphamvu pa 25mm ya tsamba lofinyira.

● Finyani Ngodya: Ngodya ya squeegee nthawi zambiri imayikidwa pa 60° ndi zogwirira zomwe zimakhazikika. Ngati ngodyayo yawonjezeka, ikhoza kupangitsa kuti phala la chogwiriracho lizichotsedwa m'mabowo a stencil ndipo phala losungunula lisakhale lalikulu. Ngati ngodyayo yachepetsedwa, ikhoza kupangitsa kuti phala losungunula lisiyidwe pa stencil pambuyo poti phulalo latha kusindikizidwa.

● Liwiro Lolekanitsa Stencil: Ili ndi liwiro lomwe PCB imalekanitsa ndi stencil pambuyo posindikiza. Kukhazikitsa liwiro la mpaka 3mm pa sekondi kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndipo kumayendetsedwa ndi kukula kwa mabowo mkati mwa stencil. Ngati izi zili mofulumira kwambiri, zidzapangitsa kuti solder phala isatuluke kwathunthu kuchokera ku mabowo ndi mapangidwe a m'mbali zazitali kuzungulira malo osungira, omwe amadziwikanso kuti "makutu a agalu".

● Kuyeretsa ndi Stencil: Stencil iyenera kutsukidwa nthawi zonse mukamagwiritsa ntchito zomwe zingachitike pamanja kapena zokha. Makina osindikizira okha ali ndi njira yomwe ingathe kukonzedwa kuti iyeretse stencil pambuyo pa kuchuluka kwa ma prints pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zopanda lint zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwala oyeretsera monga Isopropyl Alcohol (IPA). Njirayi imagwira ntchito ziwiri, yoyamba ndi kuyeretsa pansi pa stencil kuti asiye kusungunuka, ndipo yachiwiri ndi kuyeretsa malo otseguka pogwiritsa ntchito vacuum kuti aletse kutsekeka.

● Stencil ndi Squeegee Mkhalidwe: Ma stencil ndi ma squeegee onse ayenera kusungidwa mosamala chifukwa kuwonongeka kulikonse kwa makina kungayambitse zotsatira zosafunikira. Onse ayenera kuyang'aniridwa musanagwiritse ntchito ndikutsukidwa bwino mutagwiritsa ntchito, makamaka pogwiritsa ntchito njira yoyeretsera yokha kuti zotsalira zilizonse za solder paste zichotsedwe. Ngati kuwonongeka kulikonse kwawonedwa pa ma squeegee kapena ma stencil, ayenera kusinthidwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti njira yodalirika komanso yobwerezabwereza ikuyenda bwino.

● Sindikizani Stroke: Uwu ndi mtunda umene munthu wothira phula amadutsa pa stencil ndipo akulimbikitsidwa kuti ukhale osachepera 20mm kupitirira malo otseguka kwambiri. Mtunda wodutsa malo otseguka kwambiri ndi wofunikira kuti pakhale malo okwanira kuti pasitala izungulire pobwerera pamene ikuzunguliridwa ndi mkanda wa solder paste womwe umapanga mphamvu yotsika yomwe imayendetsa pasitalayo m'malo otseguka.

Ndi mitundu iti ya ma PCB yomwe ingasindikizidwe?

Osatengerawolimba,IMS,kusinthasintha kolimbakapenaPCB yopindika(onani nkhani yathu yaKupanga Ma PCB), ngati mphamvu ya PCB si yokwanira kuthandizira PCB yokha kukhala yosalala momwe ikufunira pa njanji za mizere ya SMT, wopanga PCB adzapempha kuti asintheChonyamulira cha SMTkapena chonyamulira (chopangidwa ndi Durostone).

Ichi ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kuti PCB ikhale yolimba motsutsana ndi stencil panthawi yosindikiza. Ngati PCB, kaya yolimba, IMS, yolimba kapena yopindika, siithandizidwa mokwanira, izi zingayambitse zolakwika zosindikizira, monga kuyika phala losakwanira komanso kusungunuka. Zipangizo zothandizira PCB nthawi zambiri zimaperekedwa ndi makina osindikizira omwe ali ndi kutalika kokhazikika ndipo ali ndi malo okonzedwa kuti atsimikizire kuti njira ikuyenda bwino. Palinso PCB yosinthika ndipo ndi yothandiza popangira zinthu ziwiri.

PKuyang'anira Masamba Opangidwa ndi Solder (SPI)

Njira yosindikizira solder paste ndi imodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri pakupanga pamwamba. Chilema chikapezeka msanga, ndiye kuti ndalama zochepa zokonza sizidzagwiritsidwa ntchito - lamulo lothandiza kuganizira ndilakuti cholakwika chomwe chapezeka pambuyo pokonzanso chidzawononga nthawi 10 kuposa ndalama zomwe zapezeka musanasinthe - cholakwika chomwe chapezeka pambuyo poyesa chidzawononga nthawi 10 yowonjezerapo kuti chisinthidwe. Zikumveka kuti njira yosindikizira solder paste imapereka mwayi wambiri wa zolakwika kuposa wina aliyense.Njira Zopangira Ukadaulo wa Surface Mount (SMT)Kuphatikiza apo, kusintha kwa phala lopanda lead komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zazing'ono, kwawonjezera zovuta za njira yosindikizira. Zatsimikiziridwa kuti phala lopanda lead silifalikira kapena "kunyowa" komanso phala lopanda lead. Kawirikawiri, njira yosindikizira yolondola kwambiri imafunika munjira yopanda lead. Izi zapangitsa wopanga kukhazikitsa mtundu wina wa kuwunika pambuyo posindikiza. Kuti atsimikizire njirayo, kuyang'anira phala lopanda lead lokha kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti ayang'ane molondola malo osungira phala. Pa RICHFULLJOY, titha kuzindikira zolakwika zina za phala lopanda lead losindikizidwa, malo osakwanira a mzere, malo ochulukirapo, kusintha kwa mawonekedwe, phala losowa, offset ya phala, kupaka, kugwirizanitsa ndi zina zambiri.