Itandukaniro riri hagati ya PCB za Ceramic na PCB za FR4 gakondo
Mbere yo kuganira kuri iki kibazo, reka tubanze dusobanukirwe icyo PCB za keramik ari cyo n'icyo FR4 PCB ari cyo.
Ishyirahamwe ry’Urugaga rw’Amashanyarazi (Ceramic Circuit Board) risobanura ubwoko bw’urugaga rw’amashanyarazi rwakozwe hashingiwe ku bikoresho bya ceramic, kandi ruzwi nka Ceramic PCB (urugaga rw’amashanyarazi rwacapwe). Bitandukanye n’urugaga rw’amashanyarazi asanzwe akoreshwa mu ikoranabuhanga (FR-4), urugaga rw’amashanyarazi (Ceramic circuit boards) rukoresha urugaga rw’amashanyarazi, rushobora gutanga ubushyuhe bwinshi, imbaraga nziza za mekanike, imiterere myiza ya dielectric, no kuramba igihe kirekire. Udukoresho twa ceramic PCB dukoreshwa cyane cyane mu ruziga rw’amashanyarazi akoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi, inshuro nyinshi, n’ingufu nyinshi, nka amatara ya LED, amplifiers z’amashanyarazi, laser za semiconductor, transceivers za RF, sensors, n’ibikoresho bya microwave.
Ishyirahamwe ry’amashanyarazi (Circuit Board) risobanura ibikoresho by’ibanze ku bice by’ikoranabuhanga, bizwi kandi nka PCB cyangwa ishami rya circuit board ryacapwe. Ni igikoresho cyo guteranya ibice by’ikoranabuhanga binyuze mu gucapa imiterere y’urusobe rw’amashanyarazi ku bice bidatwara amashanyarazi, hanyuma hagakorwa inzira ziyobora amashanyarazi binyuze mu nzira nka corruption ya chemical, electrolytic copper, no gucukura.
Ibi bikurikira ni igereranya hagati ya CCL ya keramike na FR4 CCL, harimo itandukaniro ryabyo, ibyiza n'ibibi byabyo.
| Ibiranga | CCL y'ibumba | FR4 CCL |
| Ibice by'ibikoresho | Iseramike | Resin ya epoxy ikoreshwa mu byuma by'ikirahure |
| Ubushobozi bwo kuyobora | N | NA |
| Ubushobozi bwo gutwara ubushyuhe (W/mK) | 10-210 | 0.25-0.35 |
| Ingano y'Ubunini | 0.1-3mm | 0.1-5mm |
| Ingorane zo gutunganya | Hejuru | Hasi |
| Ikiguzi cyo gukora | Hejuru | Hasi |
| Ibyiza | Ituje neza mu bushyuhe buri hejuru, imikorere myiza ya dielectric, imbaraga nyinshi za mekanike, kandi iramba | Ibikoresho bisanzwe, igiciro gito cyo gukora, byoroshye gutunganya, bikwiriye gukoreshwa mu buryo budakunze gukoreshwa |
| Imbogamizi | Igiciro cyo gukora kiri hejuru, gutunganya bigoranye, bikoreshwa gusa mu bikorwa bikoresha imbaraga nyinshi cyangwa ingufu nyinshi | Ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe rikabije, imbaraga nke za mashini, no kwangirika kw'ubushuhe |
| Inzira | Muri iki gihe, hari ubwoko butanu busanzwe bwa CCL zikoresha ubushyuhe bwa keramik, harimo HTCC, LTCC, DBC, DPC, LAM, n'ibindi. | Ikibaho cy'imodoka cya IC, ikibaho gihamye, HDI ipfutse/ifunguye binyuze mu kibaho, ikibaho gifite impande imwe, ikibaho gifite impande ebyiri, ikibaho gifite urwego rwinshi |
PCB ya Ceramic
Amashami yo gukoresha ibikoresho bitandukanye:
Alumina Ceramic (Al2O3): Ifite ubushyuhe bwinshi, ihamye, ikomera, kandi ikagira imbaraga za mekanike kugira ngo ikoreshwe mu bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bikoresha ingufu nyinshi.
Ibumba rya Aluminium Nitride (AlN): Rifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara ubushyuhe bwinshi n'ubushyuhe buhamye, rikwiriye ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bikoresha ingufu nyinshi n'amatara ya LED.
Ibumba rya Zirconia (ZrO2): rifite imbaraga nyinshi, ubukana bwinshi kandi ridashobora kwangirika, rikwiriye ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi bifite ingufu nyinshi.
Amashami y'ikoreshwa ry'ibikorwa bitandukanye:
HTCC (High Temperature Co-fired Ceramics): Ikwiriye gukoreshwa mu bushyuhe bwinshi n'ingufu nyinshi, nko mu by'amashanyarazi, mu by'indege, mu by'ikoranabuhanga, mu itumanaho rya satelite, mu by'itumanaho ry'amatara, mu by'ubuvuzi, mu by'ikoranabuhanga by'imodoka, mu by'ibikomoka kuri peteroli n'izindi nganda. Ingero z'ibicuruzwa birimo LED zifite ingufu nyinshi, amplifiers z'amashanyarazi, inductors, sensors, capacitors zo kubika ingufu, n'ibindi.
LTCC (Ibyuma bikoresha ubushyuhe buciriritse): Bikwiriye gukorwa mu gukora ibikoresho bya mikoroonde nka RF, mikoroonde, antene, sensor, filter, power divider, nibindi. Byongeye kandi, ishobora no gukoreshwa mu buvuzi, imodoka, indege, itumanaho, ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga n'ibindi. Ingero z'ibicuruzwa zirimo module za mikoroonde, module za antene, sensor z'umuvuduko, sensor za gaze, sensor z'umuvuduko, filter za mikoroonde, power divider, nibindi.
DBC (Direct Bond Copper): Ikwiriye gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bw'ibikoresho bya semiconductor bifite imbaraga nyinshi (nka IGBT, MOSFET, GaN, SiC, nibindi) bifite ubushobozi bwiza bwo gutwara ubushyuhe n'imbaraga za mekanike. Ingero z'ibicuruzwa birimo modules z'amashanyarazi, amashanyarazi, ibyuma bigenzura imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, nibindi.
DPC (Direct Plate Copper Multilayer Printed Circuit Board): ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bw'amatara ya LED afite ingufu nyinshi afite imiterere y'ubushyuhe bwinshi, imikorere y'ubushyuhe bwinshi, n'imikorere y'amashanyarazi menshi. Ingero z'ibicuruzwa zirimo amatara ya LED, LED za UV, LED za COB, n'ibindi.
LAM (Laser Activation Metallization for Hybrid Ceramic Metal Laminate): irashobora gukoreshwa mu gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe no kunoza imikorere y'amashanyarazi mu matara ya LED afite ingufu nyinshi, modules z'amashanyarazi, imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, n'ahandi. Ingero z'ibicuruzwa zirimo amatara ya LED, modules z'amashanyarazi, abashoferi ba moteri z'amashanyarazi, n'ibindi.
PCB ya FR4
Ibibaho bitwara ibikoresho bya IC, ibibaho bya Rigid-Flex na HDI blind/bitwikiriwe hifashishijwe ibibaho ni ubwoko bwa PCB bukoreshwa cyane, bukoreshwa mu nganda n'ibicuruzwa bitandukanye ku buryo bukurikira:
Ibyuma bitwara ibikoresho bya IC: Ni ibyuma bikoreshwa cyane mu gupima no gukora chip mu bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga. Ibikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa birimo gukora semiconductor, gukora ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, indege, ibya gisirikare, n'ibindi.
Ibyuma bito bito bihinduka: Ni ibyuma bito bivanze bihuza FPC na PCB ikomeye, hamwe n'akamaro k'ibyuma bito bito bihinduka n'ibito bito bikoreshwa mu gupima. Ibikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa birimo ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi, ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga by'imodoka, iby'indege, n'ibindi.
HDI ifunguye/ishyingurwa hakoreshejwe ikibaho: Ni ikibaho cyacapwe gifite ubucucike bwinshi gifite ubucucike bwinshi bw'umurongo n'umwanya muto kugira ngo kigere ku gupakira guto no gukora neza kurushaho. Porogaramu zisanzwe zirimo itumanaho rigendanwa, mudasobwa, ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, n'izindi nzego.
