Me pēhea te whiriwhiri i te PCB ESC tika mō tō waka rererangi whā-toru ritenga | Aratohu Tohunga
Rārangi Kaupapa
- Kupu Whakataki
- Mahi Matua: He aha te Mahi a te PCB ESC?
- Te wetewete i te PCB ESC: Ngā Wāhanga Matua me ō rātou Pānga
- Te Mahi Tahi me te Kaihanga PCBA Tika
- He Rārangi Arowhai Whaihua mō tō Tukanga Kōwhiri
- Te Pūtake o te Rererangi
I te ao o te hanga waka rererangi whā-kōpiko ritenga, ko te mea whakahihiri kei roto i te whakapau kaha katoa o tō mīhini. Ahakoa he nui te kororia o ngā anga, ngā motuka, me ngā poroporo, e mōhio ana ngā pailate mohio ko te toa tūturu kāore i te rongonuihia—he wāhi noa hoki e kore e angitu—ko te Papa Ara Iahiko (PCB) a te Kaiwhakahaere Tere Hiko (ESC).
He rerekē te whiriwhiri i tētahi ESC kua oti kē te hanga, engari he rerekē te hoahoa, te whiriwhiri rānei i tētahi ESC PCBA ritenga (Printed Circuit Board Assembly). He whakatau nui tēnei e whakatau ana i te pono, te urupare, me te kaha mutunga kore o tō quad. Ka rukuhia e tēnei aratohu ngā āhuatanga hangarau o ngā ESC PCB, kia taea ai e koe te whakatau whai whakaaro mō tō hanganga mahi-teitei e whai ake nei.
Mahi Matua: He aha te Mahi a te PCB ESC?
I mua i te ruku ki ngā paearu whiriwhiri, he mea nui kia mārama ki te mahi a te ESC. He takawaenga ia i waenga i te kaiwhakahaere rere (te roro) me ngā motuka kore paraihe (ngā uaua). Ko āna mahi matua ko:
- Te Whakawhiti Hiko: Ka tere te whakawhiti i ngā iahiko teitei mai i te pākahiko ki ngā wāhanga e toru o te motuka (A, B, C) hei whakaputa i tētahi papa aukume hurihuri.
- Whakawhitiwhiti kōrero: Ka whakamāramahia e ia ngā tohu mai i te kaiwhakahaere rere (ko ngā tikanga PWM, DShot, Proshot rānei) hei whakatau i te tere o te mōtini e hiahiatia ana.
- Te ine waea: Ka tukuna e ngā ESC matatau ngā raraunga urupare (RPM, te kukume o ia au, te pāmahana) ki te kaiwhakahaere rere hei whakahāngai me te aroturuki.
Ko te PCB te turanga e pupuri ana i ngā wāhanga katoa e whakahohe ana i ēnei mahi. Ka pā tika tōna hoahoa ki te whai huatanga, te mararatanga wera, me te haruru hiko o te pūnaha katoa.
Te wetewete i te PCB ESC: Ngā Wāhanga Matua me ō rātou Pānga
Ehara i te mea he papa me ngā wāhanga noa iho te PCB ESC mahi-teitei; he pūnaha i hangaia marietia.
A. Ngā MOSFET (Ngā Pātene Mana)
He aha rātou: Ko ngā transistors pānga mara whakarewa-waikura-haurua-arataki ngā hōiho mahi e whakahaere ana i te kawenga iahiko teitei.
Ngā Paearu Kōwhiringa:
- RDS(Ā): Koinei te ātete ina whakamahia te FET. He pai ake te iti. Ko te iti o te RDS(ON) he iti ake te pūngao e moumouhia ana hei wera, ā, ka nui ake te whai huatanga me te mana mō ō motuka.
- Whakatauranga Ngaohiko: Me neke atu i te ngaohiko o tō pākahiko (hei tauira, 30V-40V FET mō te 6S LiPo ~25.2V). Ka tukuna e ngā whakatauranga ngaohiko teitei ake he āputa haumaru ki ngā pikinga ngaohiko.
- Te Whakahaere o Nāianei: Me tutuki i ngā whakatauranga o te iahiko tonu me te iahiko pāorooro ngā hiahia o ō motuka i raro i te kawenga nui rawa.
- Tere Whakawhiti: Mā te tere o te whakawhiti ka taea te whakaputa i ngā auau PWM teitei ake, ka maeneene ake te mahi a te motuka. Heoi, me whakahaere kia kore ai e pāngia e te pokanoa hikohiko (EMI).
B. Wāhanga Pūmana-iti (MCU - Te Roro)
He aha te mea: Ko te tukatuka e whakahaere ana i te pūmanawa ESC (hei tauira, BLHeli_32, AM32, KISS).
Ngā Paearu Kōwhiringa:
- Mana Tukatuka: Kua whakakapia te nuinga o ngā maramara 8-bit tawhito e ngā MCU 32-moka hou (pērā i te ARM Cortex-M0). Ka taea e rātou ngā āhuatanga matatau: ngā tere whakahou teitei ake (DShot1200), ngā rauropi matatau (tātari RPM), me te telemetry, e whai wāhi ana ki te rere maeneene me te whakahaere tika.
- Hototahi Pūmanawa: Mā tō whiringa MCU e whakatau ko tēhea pūmanawa ka taea e koe te whakahaere. Me whakarite kia taea e tō kaihanga te tiki MCU e tautokona ana e tō pūmanawa e pai ana ki a koe.
C. Tahora me te Hoahoa Papa Hiko
Koinei te wāhi e huri ai te hoahoa PCB hei momo toi.
- Ngā Ara o Nāianei: Me tino rite ngā tohu e kawe ana i te iahiko teitei (mai i te whakauru pākahiko ki ngā FET ki ngā putanga motuka) poto, whānui, me te matotoruHe maha ngā ESC kounga teitei e whakamahi ana 2oz, 3oz rānei ngā paparanga parahi hei whakaiti i te ātete me te whakapai ake i te tohatoha wera.
- Ngā Pūnga Wetewete Hononga: Kāore e taea te whiriwhiri i te whakatakotoranga me te uara o ngā pūnga. He nui pūngao nui i te tāuru ka whakangawari i te ngaohiko pākahiko, i te mea he iti ake ngā pūnga iahiko uku Mā te whakanoho tata rawa ki ngā FET ka pehi i te haruru auau teitei. Ko te kōwhiringa ngoikore, ko te whakatakotoranga rānei o te pūnga hiko te tino take o ngā desyncs me ngā pikinga ngaohiko whakangaro.
- Whakahaere Wera: He whakamahana wera te PCB tonu. Ngā papa parahi kua kitea i raro i ngā MOSFET, e hono ana ki te papa whenua mā ngā ara wera, he mea nui mō te kukume i te wera mai i ngā wāhanga ki te hau, ki roto rānei i tētahi whakamahana o waho.
D. Ngā Āhuatanga Tāpiri
- Pūoko o nāianei: He maramara motuhake hei ine i te kukume iahiko i te wā tūturu, he mea nui mō te ine waea me te whakahaere pākahiko.
- Te Takitaki Pouaka Pango: Ka taea e ētahi ESC te penapena raraunga rererangi ki roto, he taputapu tino whai hua tēnei mō te patuiro me te whakahāngai.
- 4-i roto-i-te-1 vs. Ngā ESC Takitahi: Ka whakauruhia e te ESC 4-i roto-i-te-1 ngā ESC e whā ki runga i te PCB kotahi, ka penapena wāhi me te taumaha. He māmā ake te whakakapi i ngā ESC takitahi i muri i te pakaru. Ka pā te kōwhiringa ki te uauatanga whānui o te tahora PCB.
Te Mahi Tahi me te Kaihanga PCBA Tika
Mō tētahi kaupapa ritenga, ehara i te mea ko te hoko noa i tētahi wāhanga; engari kei te whakamahi koe i tētahi hoa hanga. Anei ngā mea hei tirotiro māu:
- He Wheako ki ngā Hoahoa Auau-Teitei, Au-Teitei: Kāore ngā kaihanga PCB katoa e mārama ana ki ngā wero ahurei o te hoahoa ESC. Pātaihia ngā tauira o ā rātou mahi i roto i te hikohiko mana.
- Kōwhiringa Rauemi: Me tūtohu e rātou ngā rauemi tika pēnei i ngā PCB TG170-180 kia nui ake te ātete ki te wera me ngā paparanga parahi matotoru.
- Ngā Āheinga Huihuinga: Me tino tika te whakatakotoranga o ngā wāhanga ririki (pēnei i ngā ātete/pūnga 0201) me te whakahaere i te whakapiri o ngā wāhanga papatipu wera nui (MOSFET) me te kore e pakaru.
- Te Whakamātautau me te Mana Kounga (QC): Pātai atu mō ā rātou tikanga QC. He iti rawa te whakamātautau i ngā taputapu rere. Mō ngā hanganga teitei, he mea tino taunaki kia whakamātautauhia te mahi i raro i te kawenga.
- Tautoko mō te Hoahoa mō te Hanganga (DFM): Ka arotakehia e te kaihanga pai ō kōnae Gerber, ka tuku urupare hei whakapai ake i te hua me te pono, me te hopu i ngā raruraru pea i mua i te tīmatanga o te mahi.
He Rārangi Arowhai Whaihua mō tō Tukanga Kōwhiri
| Āhuatanga | Ngā Pātai hei Pātai | Ngā mea hei tirotiro māu |
|---|---|---|
| Mahi | He aha te whakatauranga o te au e hiahiatia ana? (hei tauira, 45A tonu, 55A pakū)? | Ngā FET he iti rawa te RDS(ON) me te whakatauranga o nāianei. |
| He aha te kawa me te tere whakahou e hiahiatia ana e au? (DShot600, DShot1200)? | He MCU 32-moka e hototahi ana ki te pūmanawa BLHeli_32, AM32 rānei. | |
| Te pono | Me pēhea te whakahaere i te wera? | Ngā papa hiko pakari, ngā awa wera, me ngā taunakitanga mō te whakamahana o waho. |
| Kei te tiakina te hoahoa mai i ngā pikinga ngaohiko? | Ngā pūnga tāuru kua tika te rahi me te whakanoho. | |
| Te Hanga | Ka taea e te kaihanga te whakatutuki i taku i whakaaro ai ki te hoahoa? | Taunakitanga o ngā mahi ōrite, tautoko DFM, me ngā āheinga paparanga parahi matotoru. |
| Me pēhea te whakamātautau i te hua whakamutunga? | Te whakapau kaha ki te whakamātautau hiko 100% me te whakamātautau mahi whiriwhiri. |
Te Pūtake o te Rererangi
He haumitanga nui te whiriwhiri i te PCB ESC tika ki te mahi me te pono o tō waka rererangi whā-kōpiko ritenga. He whakatau e whakakotahi ana i te hangarau hiko, te thermodynamics, me te hanga tika. Mā te neke atu i ngā whakatakotoranga noa iho, me te mārama ki te take o te whiriwhiringa me te tahora o ngā wāhanga, ka whakamanahia koe ki te whiriwhiri, ki te hoahoa rānei i tētahi papa ehara i te mea he wāhanga noa iho, engari ko te ngākau pakari me te mahi teitei o tō waka rererangi.
Kaua e waiho tō hanga kia tūpono noa. Mahi tahi me tētahi kaihanga PCBA e kōrero ana i te reo o te mahi me te tika.
