Papa kawe IC PCB

1. Me pēhea te whakatau i te maha o ngā paparanga o te PCB kawe IC?

Whakatauhia i runga i te rahinga tohu, ngā hiahia paparanga mana, me ngā whakaritenga pono o te tohu. Me whai paparanga ā-roto anō ngā tohu tere-nui hei tiaki, hei tauira, he maha ngā wā ka whakamahia e ngā kaikawe tukatuka pūkoro he 8-10 paparanga.
2. Me pēhea te hoahoa i te rahi o te kawe IC?

He hoahoa kia rite ki te rahi o te maramara, te tahora o ngā wāhanga taha, me te wāhi tāutanga. Hei tauira, me whakaiti tika ngā kawe mataaratanga atamai.
3. Me pēhea te whiriwhiri i ngā rauemi mō te PCB kawe IC?

Whakamahia ngā rauemi iti-pūmau-whakakore-hiko (hei tauira, Rogers) mō ngā tono tere-nui, me te FR-4 mō te whakamahinga whānui. Tātaitia te tauwehenga whānui wera ki te maramara.
4. Me pēhea te hoahoa i te ara o te kawe IC?

Whāia ngā mātāpono pono o te tohu: kia poto, kia tika hoki ngā tohu tere-teitei, kia rite te roa o ngā takirua rerekētanga, kia ōrite hoki te tawhiti. Hei tauira, me tino whakahaere te roa me te tawhiti mō ngā atanga PCIe.
5. Me pēhea te hoahoa i te paparanga mana o te kawe IC?

Whakamaherehia ngā papa hiko ōrite, ka wehea ngā rohe hiko rerekē i te wā e wehewehea ana hei karo i te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero i waenga i ngā pūtake hiko mamati me ngā pūtake hiko anaro.
6. Me pēhea te hoahoa i te hononga whenua o te kawe IC?

Whakatūria he papa whenua iti-ārai, tāpirihia he mowhiti tiaki mō ngā tohu tairongo, ā, whakamahia he whenua maha-ira mō ngā ara iahiko RF.
7. Me pēhea te hoahoa i ngā vias mō te kawe IC?

Ka whakatauhia te rahi o te via e te au me te auau. Whakamahia ngā via iti te diameter (hei tauira, ＜0.3mm mō ngā tohu i runga ake i te 10GHz) mō ngā tohu tere-tiketike hei whakaiti i ngā tawhā pirinoa.
8. Me pēhea te hoahoa i te takai BGA mō te kawe IC?

Whakatauritea tika te rahi me te tawhiti o te papa, arotauhia te ara me te tohatoha wera i te rohe BGA, ka tāpirihia he huinga whakawhiti wera i raro i te BGA.
9. Me pēhea te hoahoa i ngā pūwāhi whakamātautau mō te kawe IC?

Me wātea ngā pūwāhi whakamātautau mō ngā taputapu, ā, me whakatakoto ki ngā pūnga tohu matua me ngā pine hiko kia tutuki ai ngā whakaritenga whakamātautau mahi.
10. Me pēhea te hoahoa i te mata hiraka o te kawe IC?

Me mārama te tohu o ngā tapanga wāhanga, te polarity, me ētahi atu mea ki te mata hiraka, ā, me whakanoho ki ngā wāhi takoto kau, kia matara atu i ngā wāhi whakarewa.
11. Me pēhea te hoahoa i te whakatakotoranga o tētahi kawe IC?

Whakaritea te āhua (hei tauira, tapawhā rite/koretake) kia rite ki te hanganga taputapu me ngā whakaritenga tāutanga kia hototahi ai ki ētahi atu wāhanga, pērā i ngā kawe pona.
12. Me pēhea te hoahoa i ngā tūponotanga mō te kawe IC?

Whakatakotoria ngā āheinga (hei tauira, ±0.05mm mō te whānui o te rārangi) i runga i ngā tukanga hanga hei whakarite i te whakaritenga i waenga i ngā paparanga me te tika o te tāutanga o ngā wāhanga.
13. Me pēhea te hoahoa i te hanganga wera o te kawe IC?

Whakamahia ngā totohu wera, ngā vias, ngā papa whakarewa rānei mō ngā maramara kaha-teitei. Hei tauira, ka whakarei ake ngā kawe CPU i te tohatoha wera mā roto i ngā papa parahi nui me ngā vias.
14. Me pēhea te hoahoa i te parenga hikohiko mō te kawe IC?

Whakamahia ngā taupoki parepare whakarewa, ngā paparanga parepare mata rānei hei ārai i ngā ara iahiko tairongo (hei tauira, ngā kōwae RF).
15. Me pēhea te hoahoa i te pono o tētahi kaikawe IC?

Whakaarohia ngā rauemi, te ara, me te hoahoa wera kia whānuitia. Whakamahia ngā rauemi kounga teitei, me te whakaiti i te kukū o te ahotea.
16. Me pēhea te hoahoa kia taea ai te hanga i tētahi kawe IC?

Hoahoa kia tutuki ai ngā āheinga tukatuka (hei tauira, te whānui/mokowā iti rawa o ngā rārangi) kia māmā ai te hanga.
17. Me pēhea te hoahoa kia taea ai te whakamātautau i tētahi kawe IC?

Whakaurua ngā pūwāhi whakamātautau me ngā atanga e rawaka ana (hei tauira, JTAG) mō te whakamātautau whakaputa me te tautuhi hapa.
18. Me pēhea te hoahoa kia mau tonu te tiaki o te kawe IC?

Whakaritea ngā wāhanga kia ngāwari ai te whakakapinga, whakanohoia ngā wāhanga ngoikore ki ngā wāhi e taea ai te uru atu.
19. Me pēhea te hoahoa mō te arotau utu o tētahi kaikawe IC?

Arotauhia te utu mā te whakahaere i te maha o ngā paparanga, te rahi, me te whiriwhiri i ngā rauemi me ngā tukanga e tika ana i raro i ngā whakaritenga mahi.
20. Me pēhea te hoahoa mō te tiaki taiao o tētahi kawe IC?

Whakamahia he whakapiringa kore-mata me ngā rauemi e pai ana ki te taiao kia tutuki ai ngā paerewa RoHS.
21. He aha te rerenga tukanga taketake mō te hanga PCB kawe IC?

Kei roto i ngā tukanga ko te tapahi rauemi, te keri, te whakatakotoranga parahi, te whakakikorua hiko, te hanga ara iahiko, te uhi whakapiri, te whakamarumaru hiraka, me te maimoatanga mata.
22. He aha ngā rauemi e whakamahia whānuitia ana mō te hanga?

Kei roto i ngā rauemi ko ngā papa whakakikoruatia ki te parahi (FR-4, ngā rauemi auau-teitei), te pepa parahi, ngā waituhi whakapiri/mata hiraka, me ngā rauemi maimoatanga mata (whakakikorua koura/tine, OSP).
23. Me pēhea te whakarite kia tika te keri?

Whakamahia ngā taputapu tino tika, me pupuri tonu ngā wiri i ia wā, me whakahaere te tere/te tere whāngai, me te whakamahi i ngā pine tūnga hei pupuri i te pekapeka ≤±0.05mm.
24. Me pēhea te mahi i te whakatakotoranga parahi?

Whakamahia te whakakikorua kore-hiko hei whakatakoto i te parahi angiangi 0.2-0.5μm ki te pakitara o te kōhao, kia pai ai te kawe hiko o ngā pakitara kore-ara mō te whakakikorua.
25. Me pēhea te whakahaere i te matotoru o te whakakikorua hiko?

Te whakahaere tika i te kiato o te iahiko, te wā, te hanganga/te pāmahana o te otinga whakakikorua. Hei tauira, ka tutuki te whakakikorua parahi 18-35μm mā te whakarerekē i ngā tawhā.
26. Me pēhea te hanga i ngā tohu ara iahiko?

Whakamahia te whakaahua whakaahua hei whakawhiti tauira, ā, muri iho ka whakawhanakehia me te whakairo. Ka taea e te whānui rārangi iti rawa te eke ki te 0.075mm.
27. Me pēhea te whakarite i te kounga o te kopare whakarewa?

Whakamahia he waituhi kounga teitei, whakahaeretia te matotoru/te ōritetanga o te paninga, arotauhia ngā tawhā whakaaturanga/whakamaroke. Ko te matotoru o te kiriata he 25-40μm, kāore he mirumiru/he kōhao iti.
28. Me pēhea te mahi i te hiraka?

Whakamahia te tānga mata hei whakahaere i te matotoru o te waituhi (10-20μm) me te tika, kia mārama ai ngā tohu me te tūnga tika.
29. Me pēhea te whiriwhiri i ngā tikanga maimoatanga mata?

Kōwhiria a HASL mō te āheinga honohono me te ENIG mō te papatahi, i runga i ngā whakaritenga tono.
30. He aha ngā hapa hanga e kitea whānuitia ana?

Ngā ara iahiko poto, ngā ara iahiko tuwhera, ngā ara iahiko tuwhera, ngā hapa o te kopare whakarewa, te mata hiraka pōuriuri, ngā kōhao taratara i roto i ngā pakitara, te wehewehenga, me ētahi atu.
31. Me pēhea te tirotiro i te kounga?

Whakamahia te AOI, te hihi-X, te whakamātautau ine rere, me te ICT hei tirotiro i te pono o te ara iahiko, te kounga o te whakapiringa, me te mahi hiko.
32. Me pēhea te whakatika i ngā hapa?

Whakamahia te whakairo moroiti hei tango i te parahi taikaha mō ngā tarau poto, ngā waea pekepeke mō ngā whakatuwheratanga, me te whakatika ā-rohe mō ngā hapa o te kopare whakarewa. Tirohia anō i muri i te whakatikatika.
33. He aha te huringa whakaputa noa?

3-7 ngā rā mō ngā kaikawe noa, 10-15 ngā rā mō ngā mea uaua, me te 1-3 ngā rā mō ngā ota tere (me ngā utu nui ake).
34. Me pēhea te whakaiti i ngā utu hanga?

Whakapai ake i te hoahoa hei whakaiti i te maha/rahi o ngā paparanga, hei tīpako i ngā rauemi/tukanga e whai hua ana, me te whakapai ake i te hua.
35. He aha ngā pānga taiao o te mahi whakanao?

Ka whakaputa i te wai para, i te hau putanga, me ngā toenga para kei roto ngā konganuku taumaha, e hiahia ana kia rongoatia kia tutuki ai ngā paerewa tukunga.
36. Me pēhea te whakapai ake i ngā taumata aunoatanga?

Whakamahia ngā taputapu uta/tango aunoa, te hiraka, me ngā taputapu tirotiro hei whakapai ake i te whai huatanga me te ōritetanga o te kounga.
37. He aha ngā taputapu e whakamahia ana i roto i te hanga?

Ngā mīhini keri, ngā aho whakatakotoranga/whakakikorua parahi, ngā mīhini whakaatu, ngā mīhini whakairo, ngā mīhini kopare whakapiri/mīhini tā mata hiraka, te maimoatanga mata, me ngā taputapu tirotiro.
38. Me pēhea te tiaki i ngā taputapu hanga?

Te horoi, te tiaki, te whakakapi i ngā wāhanga pakaru, me te whakatikatika i ngā tawhā i ia wā kia mau ai te mahi a te taputapu.
39. Me pēhea te arotau i ngā tawhā tukanga?

Arotauhia ngā tawhā mō te keri, te whakakikorua hiko, te whakairo, me ētahi atu, mā te tātari whakamātautau—hei tauira, whakapai ake i te ōritetanga o te whakakikorua hei whakarei ake i te kounga me te whai huatanga.
40. Me pēhea te whakarite kia rite tonu te hanga?

Whakatinanahia ngā tikanga paerewa, te whakahaere i te kounga o ngā rauemi mata, te whakataurite i ngā taputapu, me te whakangungu i ngā kaimahi kia rite ai te mahi i ia puranga.
41. Me pēhea te whakamātautau i te mahi hiko?

Whakamahia ngā mita maha, ngā oscilloscope, me ngā tātari whatunga hei whakamātautau i te haere tonu, te aukati, me ngā āhuatanga tuku tohu.
42. Me pēhea te aromatawai i te pono o te tohu?

Whakamahia te hoahoa kanohi, te whakaata, me ngā whakamātautau whakawhitiwhiti kōrero hei tātari i te hē. Me tutuki te whakatuwheratanga o te hoahoa kanohi i ngā paerewa.
43. Me pēhea te whakapai ake i te pono o te mana?

Whakapai ake i ngā whatunga tohatoha hiko, tāpirihia ngā pūnga wetewete, whakaitihia te ātete/whakaoho ā-roto, me te whakaiti i te haruru—hei tauira, whakanohohia ngā pūnga maha-uara tata ki ngā pine maramara.
44. Me pēhea te whakamātautau i te mahi RF?

Whakamahia ngā tātari whatunga whārite hei whakamātautau i te ngaronga whakaurunga, te ngaronga whakahoki, te wehenga, me ētahi atu, kia tika ai te tuku tohu RF.
45. Me pēhea te aromatawai i te mahi wera?

Whakamahia ngā taputapu whakaahua wera hei ine i te tohatoha pāmahana me te tatau i te ātete wera. Me noho te pāmahana o te mata maramara ki roto i ngā rohe kua whakatauhia.
46. Me pēhea te whakapai ake i te kaha ārai-whakararuraru?

Whakamahia te ārai, te tātari, me te ara tika—hei tauira, wehea ngā whenua mamati/anarohiko, ka tāpirihia he ārai ki ngā tohu tairongo.
47. Me pēhea te whakamātautau i te pono?

Whakahaerehia ngā whakamātautau whakatōtōtanga pāmahana teitei (hei tauira, 85℃), te huringa wera, te haumākū, me te wiri hei aromatawai i te āheinga ki te urutau ki te taiao.
48. Me pēhea te aromatawai i te roa o te ora o te ratonga?

Matapaetia te roa o te ora ratonga mā te whakamātautau tere ake me te whakatauira whārite Arrhenius.
49. Me pēhea te whakapai ake i te hototahitanga hikohiko (EMC)?

Whakapai ake i te tūāpapa, te ārai, me te tātari hei whakahaere i te aro ki te hihi tohu me te aro ki ngā pokanoa—hei tauira, tāpirihia ngā anga tūāpapa ki ngā taha PCB.
50. Me pēhea te whakamātautau i te mahi a te mīhini?

Whakahaerehia ngā whakamātautau piko, kume, me te kutikuti hei aromatawai i te kaha o te papa, me tutuki hoki i ngā paerewa e tika ana.
51. Me pēhea te aromatawai i te pumau matū?

Aromātaitia mā te whakamātautau ātete matū (te ruku ki roto i ngā wairewa waikawa/kawakore) hei tirotiro i ngā panonitanga āhua me te mahi.
52. Me pēhea te whakapai ake i te ātete huarere o te PCB kawe IC?

Kōwhiria ngā rauemi he pai te ātete ki te huarere, ka pania he ārai mata (pēnei i te peita paninga ā-toru) hei whakaroa i te roa o te whakamahinga o waho.
53. Me pēhea te whakamātautau i te mahi whakamarumaru o te PCB kawe IC?

Whakamahia he taputapu whakamātautau ātete ārai wera hei ine i te ātete ārai wera i waenga i ngā ara iahiko me waenga i ngā ara iahiko me te whenua (me runga ake i te taumata megohm).
54. Me pēhea te aromatawai i te mahi hiko-kore o te PCB kawe IC?

Arotakehia mā te whakamātautau i ngā tawhā pēnei i te pūmau dielectric me te tauwehenga mate dielectric. I roto i ngā tono auau teitei, me pumau, me iti hoki te pūmau dielectric.
55. Me pēhea te whakapai ake i te tere tuku tohu o te PCB kawe IC?

Whakapai ake i te waea, whakamahia ngā rauemi iti-ngaronga, ā, whakamahia ngā hanganga moroiti, ngā hanganga raina-iti rānei mō ngā tohu tere-tiketike hei whakaiti i te whakaroa.
56. Me pēhea te whakamātautau i te kaha whakahaere hiko o te PCB kawe IC?

Whakamahia ngā kawenga mana rerekē, mātakitaki i te whakamahana o te ara iahiko me ngā panonitanga o te mahi hiko, me te aromatawai i te kaha kawe iahiko o ngā ara iahiko taputapu hiko.
57. Me pēhea te aromatawai i te mahi haruru o te PCB kawe IC?

Inehia te haruru hiko, te haruru tohu, me ētahi atu, kia mōhio ai kei roto te uara haruru hiko mai i te tihi ki te tihi i te awhe e whakaaetia ana.
58. Me pēhea te whakapai ake i te manawanui hapa o te PCB kawe IC?

Whakamahia ngā hoahoa koretake (pēnei i te tāpiri i ngā ara iahiko tārua, i ngā wāhanga rānei), ā, whakamahia te tuku raina-rua mō ngā tohu tino nui hei whakapai ake i te pono.
59. Me pēhea te whakamātautau i te mahi hihiri o te PCB kawe IC?

Whakamātauria te tere me te pumau o te urupare tohu i raro i ngā āhuatanga whakahaere hihiri (pēnei i te whakamātautau hihiri o ngā atanga tuku raraunga tere-tiketike).
60. Me pēhea te aromatawai i te hototahitanga o te PCB kawe IC?

Whakahaerehia ngā whakamātautau hototahi ki ngā maramara me ngā kōwae rerekē (pēnei i te whakamātautau ki ngā puranga maramara rerekē) kia pai ai te mahi a te pūnaha.
61. Me pēhea te rapurongoā i ngā hapa ara-poto i roto i te PCB kawe IC?

Tuatahi whakamahia te AOI hei tirotiro mō ngā pūwāhi poto o te ara iahiko, kātahi ka whakamahia he mita maha hei ine i te ātete mō te tūnga, ka tirohia mō ngā ara iahiko poto i roto i ngā ara iahiko, i ngā pine wāhanga rānei.
62. Me pēhea te rapurongoā i ngā hapa ara iahiko tuwhera i roto i te PCB kawe IC?

Whakamahia he whakamātautau ine rere, he mita maha rānei hei ine i te haere tonu o te ara iahiko, hei tirotiro hoki mēnā he ara iahiko tuwhera, he ara iahiko ārai rānei (tērā pea nā te nui rawa o ngā take whakairo, keri rānei).
63. Me pēhea te rapurongoā i te tuku tohu rerekē i roto i te PCB kawe IC?

Whakamahia he oscilloscope hei tirotiro i ngā āhua ngaru tohu, tirohia mēnā he take whakaata me te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, me te tirotiro i te hē o te waea, te kore rānei e taurite te aukati.
64. Me pēhea te whakatau i ngā raruraru o te tuku hiko i roto i te PCB kawe IC?

Inehia te ngaohiko o te pūtake hiko, tirohia mēnā he ara iahiko poto/ara iahiko tuwhera i roto i ngā raina pūtake hiko me te rahunga o te pūnga wetewete hononga, ā, tirotirohia ngā hapa maramara hiko, te ngaronga nui rānei o te raina.
65. Me pēhea te whakatau i te wera rerekē i roto i te PCB kawe IC?

Whakamahia he pūrere whakaahua wera hei tautuhi i ngā pūtake wera, hei tirotiro hoki mēnā he nui rawa te hiko o te pūrere, he ngoikore rānei te tohatoha wera (pēnei i te tāutanga hē o te totohu wera, te kore rānei o ngā ara wera e tika ana).
66. Me pēhea te whakatau i ngā raruraru o te pokanoa hikohiko (EMI) i roto i te PCB kawe IC?

Whakamahia he tātaritanga āwhata hei kimi i ngā pūtake pokanoa, hei tirotiro hoki i ngā mahi tiaki (pēnei i te hononga whenua o ngā taupoki tiaki me te mahi noa o ngā ara iahiko tātari).
67. Me pēhea te whakatau i ngā raruraru whakarewa i roto i te PCB kawe IC?

Whakamahia te AOI hei tirotiro mō ngā hononga whakarewa makariri, ngā hononga whakarewa ngaro, me ngā hononga honohono, me te tirotiro i ngā take pāmahana/wā whakarewa hē, kounga rere rānei.
68. Me pēhea te rapurongoā i ngā pakaru o ngā wāhanga i roto i te PCB kawe IC?

Whakamahia ngā mita maha me ngā oscilloscope hei whakamātautau i te mahi a ngā wāhanga (pēnei i te ātete, te kaha, me te kawe hiko o te diode), me te tirotiro i ngā take o te nui rawa o te ngaohiko/te nui rawa o te iahiko.
69. Me pēhea te whakatau i ngā hapa hoahoa i roto i te PCB kawe IC?

Tirohia anō ngā tuhinga hoahoa, whakatairitehia te mahi tuturu ki ngā whakaritenga, ka tirotirohia te waea hē, ngā hapa tautuhinga tawhā rānei (pēnei i te whānui o te raina e kore e ranea mō te kawe iahiko).
70. Me pēhea te whakatau i te hononga ngoikore i ngā wāhi whakamātautau o te PCB kawe IC?

Tirohia mēnā he waikura/parahanga kei ngā mata o ngā pūwāhi whakamātautau, he pakarukaru o ngā pūwhakamātautau, he raruraru hononga taputapu rānei. Horoia ngā pūwāhi whakamātautau, whakakapia rānei ngā pūwhakamātautau.
71. Me pēhea te whakatau i ngā raruraru mata hiraka i roto i te PCB kawe IC?

Tirohia te māramatanga, te tika, me te tūranga o te mata hiraka, ā, tirotirohia ngā take o te tukanga mata hiraka, o te kounga waituhi rānei (pēnei i te whakarerekētanga o ngā tawhā mata hiraka).
72. Me pēhea te whakatau i ngā raruraru o te kopare tūhono i roto i te PCB kawe IC?

Mātakihia te paparanga o te kopare whakarewa mō ngā mirumiru, ngā kōhao iti, me te tihorenga, ā, tirotirohia ngā take o te tukanga paninga/whakamaroke (pēnei i te whakarerekētanga o te matotoru o te paninga me te pāmahana whakamaroke).
73. Me pēhea te rapurongoā i te wehenga paparanga i roto i te PCB kawe IC?

Whakamahia te hihi-X hei kite i te hononga i waenga i ngā paparanga, me te tirotiro i te ahotea wera nui rawa atu, i ngā take hototahi rānei o ngā rauemi (pēnei i te huringa tere o te pāmahana i te wā e hangaia ana).
74. Me pēhea te whakatau i ngā raruraru o te pakitara poka taratara i roto i te PCB kawe IC?

Mātakihia ngā pakitara o te kōhao i raro i te karuārai, ka tirohia ngā tawhā keri me te pakaru o te mata o te keri (pēnei i te whakarerekē i te tere keri me te tere whāngai).
75. Me pēhea te whakatau i te āhua o te maimoatanga mata kino i roto i te PCB kawe IC?

Tirohia te ōritetanga, te pakari, me te waikura/te waikura o te paparanga maimoatanga mata, ā, tirotirohia hoki ngā tawhā tukanga hē (pēnei i te whakarerekētanga o te wā whakakikorua hiko me te mātotoru o te iahiko).
76. Me pēhea te whakatau i ngā take rerekētanga ā-ahu i roto i te PCB kawe IC?

Whakamahia ngā taputapu ine pēnei i ngā calipers hei whakatairite ki ngā inenga hoahoa, hei tirotiro hoki i ngā take tūnga hanga, i ngā take tika rānei o te tukatuka (pēnei i te tirotiro i te tūnga keri).
77. Me pēhea te whakatau i ngā raruraru whakarerekētanga i roto i te PCB kawe IC?

Whakamahia he taputapu ine papatahi hei kite me te tirotiro i te ahotea wera, i ngā take rauemi rānei (pēnei i te tauwehenga whānui wera nui rawa o te papa, hei arotau i te hoahoa wera).
78. Me pēhea te whakatau i te kore tutuki i ngā paerewa taiao mō te PCB kawe IC?

Whakamātauria te hanganga o ngā rauemi, me te tirotiro i te tukanga whakaputa (pēnei i te mea kei roto he mata, me te mea kei te tutuki ngā paerewa i ngā tukunga wai para/paipa).
79. Me pēhea te whakatau i ngā raruraru hangahanga o te PCB kawe IC?

Kōrero ki ngā kaihanga, tirohia mēnā e tutuki ana te hoahoa i ngā whakaritenga tukanga (pēnei i te whānui/mokowā iti rawa o ngā rārangi, te tūtaki ki ngā āheinga taputapu, te arotau i te hoahoa).
80. Me pēhea te whakatau i ngā raruraru whakamātautau o te PCB kawe IC?

Tirohia te whaitake o ngā tautuhinga pūwāhi whakamātautau me te āhua noa o te atanga, ā, tirotirohia mēnā kāore i te rawaka ngā pūwāhi whakamātautau, ngā tūranga rānei kāore i te pai (whakamahere anō i ngā pūwāhi whakamātautau).
81. He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i te PCB kawe IC me te PCB noa?

Ko ngā PCB kawe IC e aro nui ana ki te hononga maramara, he iti ake te rahi, he tika ake, he kikī ake te waea, ā, he nui ake ngā whakaritenga mō te pono o te tohu me te marara wera.
82. Me pēhea te whiriwhiri i tētahi kaiwhakarato mō te PCB kawe IC?

Aromatawai i te kaha whakaputa a ngā kaiwhakarato, te mana whakahaere kounga, te taumata hangarau, te utu, me te wā tuku (pēnei i te tirotiro i ngā tiwhikete e tika ana me te whanaketanga o ngā taputapu).
83. Me pēhea te whakahaere i ngā taonga o te PCB kawe IC?

Te whakahaere tika i te rahinga o ngā taonga i runga i ngā mahere whakaputa me ngā matapae tono, te whakahaere i ngā tirotiro taonga i ia wā, me te whakamahi i te tikanga whakarōpū ABC hei ārai i te nui rawa/te korenga o ngā taonga.
84. He aha ngā tikanga hangarua mō te PCB kawe IC?

Ka taea te whakamahi i te wetewete ā-tinana me te maimoatanga matū hei whakaora i te parahi me ngā konganuku utu nui (pērā i te tango waikawa hei whakaora i te parahi, i runga anō i ngā whakaritenga taiao).

Papa kawe IC PCB

1. Me pēhea te whakatau i te maha o ngā paparanga o te PCB kawe IC?

2. Me pēhea te hoahoa i te rahi o te kawe IC?

3. Me pēhea te whiriwhiri i ngā rauemi mō te PCB kawe IC?

4. Me pēhea te hoahoa i te ara o te kawe IC?

5. Me pēhea te hoahoa i te paparanga mana o te kawe IC?

6. Me pēhea te hoahoa i te hononga whenua o te kawe IC?

7. Me pēhea te hoahoa i ngā vias mō te kawe IC?

8. Me pēhea te hoahoa i te takai BGA mō te kawe IC?

9. Me pēhea te hoahoa i ngā pūwāhi whakamātautau mō te kawe IC?

10. Me pēhea te hoahoa i te mata hiraka o te kawe IC?

11. Me pēhea te hoahoa i te whakatakotoranga o tētahi kawe IC?

12. Me pēhea te hoahoa i ngā tūponotanga mō te kawe IC?

13. Me pēhea te hoahoa i te hanganga wera o te kawe IC?

14. Me pēhea te hoahoa i te parenga hikohiko mō te kawe IC?

15. Me pēhea te hoahoa i te pono o tētahi kaikawe IC?

16. Me pēhea te hoahoa kia taea ai te hanga i tētahi kawe IC?

17. Me pēhea te hoahoa kia taea ai te whakamātautau i tētahi kawe IC?

18. Me pēhea te hoahoa kia mau tonu te tiaki o te kawe IC?

19. Me pēhea te hoahoa mō te arotau utu o tētahi kaikawe IC?

20. Me pēhea te hoahoa mō te tiaki taiao o tētahi kawe IC?

21. He aha te rerenga tukanga taketake mō te hanga PCB kawe IC?

22. He aha ngā rauemi e whakamahia whānuitia ana mō te hanga?

23. Me pēhea te whakarite kia tika te keri?

24. Me pēhea te mahi i te whakatakotoranga parahi?

25. Me pēhea te whakahaere i te matotoru o te whakakikorua hiko?

26. Me pēhea te hanga i ngā tohu ara iahiko?

27. Me pēhea te whakarite i te kounga o te kopare whakarewa?

28. Me pēhea te mahi i te hiraka?

29. Me pēhea te whiriwhiri i ngā tikanga maimoatanga mata?

30. He aha ngā hapa hanga e kitea whānuitia ana?

31. Me pēhea te tirotiro i te kounga?

32. Me pēhea te whakatika i ngā hapa?

33. He aha te huringa whakaputa noa?

34. Me pēhea te whakaiti i ngā utu hanga?

35. He aha ngā pānga taiao o te mahi whakanao?

36. Me pēhea te whakapai ake i ngā taumata aunoatanga?

37. He aha ngā taputapu e whakamahia ana i roto i te hanga?

38. Me pēhea te tiaki i ngā taputapu hanga?

39. Me pēhea te arotau i ngā tawhā tukanga?

40. Me pēhea te whakarite kia rite tonu te hanga?

41. Me pēhea te whakamātautau i te mahi hiko?

42. Me pēhea te aromatawai i te pono o te tohu?

43. Me pēhea te whakapai ake i te pono o te mana?

44. Me pēhea te whakamātautau i te mahi RF?

45. Me pēhea te aromatawai i te mahi wera?

46. ​​Me pēhea te whakapai ake i te kaha ārai-whakararuraru?

47. Me pēhea te whakamātautau i te pono?

48. Me pēhea te aromatawai i te roa o te ora o te ratonga?

49. Me pēhea te whakapai ake i te hototahitanga hikohiko (EMC)?

50. Me pēhea te whakamātautau i te mahi a te mīhini?

51. Me pēhea te aromatawai i te pumau matū?

52. Me pēhea te whakapai ake i te ātete huarere o te PCB kawe IC?

53. Me pēhea te whakamātautau i te mahi whakamarumaru o te PCB kawe IC?

54. Me pēhea te aromatawai i te mahi hiko-kore o te PCB kawe IC?

55. Me pēhea te whakapai ake i te tere tuku tohu o te PCB kawe IC?

56. Me pēhea te whakamātautau i te kaha whakahaere hiko o te PCB kawe IC?

57. Me pēhea te aromatawai i te mahi haruru o te PCB kawe IC?

58. Me pēhea te whakapai ake i te manawanui hapa o te PCB kawe IC?

59. Me pēhea te whakamātautau i te mahi hihiri o te PCB kawe IC?

60. Me pēhea te aromatawai i te hototahitanga o te PCB kawe IC?

61. Me pēhea te rapurongoā i ngā hapa ara-poto i roto i te PCB kawe IC?

62. Me pēhea te rapurongoā i ngā hapa ara iahiko tuwhera i roto i te PCB kawe IC?

63. Me pēhea te rapurongoā i te tuku tohu rerekē i roto i te PCB kawe IC?

64. Me pēhea te whakatau i ngā raruraru o te tuku hiko i roto i te PCB kawe IC?

65. Me pēhea te whakatau i te wera rerekē i roto i te PCB kawe IC?

66. Me pēhea te whakatau i ngā raruraru o te pokanoa hikohiko (EMI) i roto i te PCB kawe IC?

67. Me pēhea te whakatau i ngā raruraru whakarewa i roto i te PCB kawe IC?

68. Me pēhea te rapurongoā i ngā pakaru o ngā wāhanga i roto i te PCB kawe IC?

69. Me pēhea te whakatau i ngā hapa hoahoa i roto i te PCB kawe IC?

70. Me pēhea te whakatau i te hononga ngoikore i ngā wāhi whakamātautau o te PCB kawe IC?

71. Me pēhea te whakatau i ngā raruraru mata hiraka i roto i te PCB kawe IC?

72. Me pēhea te whakatau i ngā raruraru o te kopare tūhono i roto i te PCB kawe IC?

73. Me pēhea te rapurongoā i te wehenga paparanga i roto i te PCB kawe IC?

74. Me pēhea te whakatau i ngā raruraru o te pakitara poka taratara i roto i te PCB kawe IC?

75. Me pēhea te whakatau i te āhua o te maimoatanga mata kino i roto i te PCB kawe IC?

76. Me pēhea te whakatau i ngā take rerekētanga ā-ahu i roto i te PCB kawe IC?

77. Me pēhea te whakatau i ngā raruraru whakarerekētanga i roto i te PCB kawe IC?

78. Me pēhea te whakatau i te kore tutuki i ngā paerewa taiao mō te PCB kawe IC?

79. Me pēhea te whakatau i ngā raruraru hangahanga o te PCB kawe IC?

46. Me pēhea te whakapai ake i te kaha ārai-whakararuraru?