Te Hanga PCB Hauora
Mai i te Hoahoa ki te Huihuinga
Ko te PCB hauora he momo PCB motuhake e whakamahia ana i roto i te umanga hauora. I te nekehanga o te umanga hauora o Haina mai i te rongoā tuku iho Hainamana ki te rongoā o te Hauāuru, kua tino piki ake te hiahia mō ngā hiko hauora. Nā tēnei i akiaki te whanaketanga o te hangarau hanga me te huihuinga PCB hauora o Haina, ā, ka waiho a RICH PCBA hei kaihanga PCB taputapu hauora pono. Ko te ara iahiko hauora i hangaia e RICH PCBA e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te whānuitanga o ngā taputapu hauora, tae atu ki ngā mīhini ultrasound, ngā taputapu aroturuki tūroro, ngā pūnaha whakaahua hauora, me ētahi atu taputapu e hiahia ana ki te whakahaere hiko tika me te pono. He mahi nui tā ēnei PCBA ki te whakahaere me te whakahaere i ngā mahi hiko o ngā taputapu hauora.
Tikina he Tāpaetanga mō te Huinga PCB Hauora mai i RICH PCBA
Mena kei te rapu koe i tētahi kaihanga PCB/PCBA hauora taumata-teitei, kaua e neke atu i a RICH PCBA. Nā te mea e pā ana ngā hikohiko hauora ki te hauora o te tangata, me tutuki i a rātou ngā paerewa haumaru me te pono. Hei tāpiri, ko ētahi hikohiko hauora ka taea te whakauru me nui ake te tika me te pumau, nō reira me hangaia kia tū atu ki ngā taiao hauora kino, me nui ake ngā whakamātautau e hiahiatia ana i te hanga, ā, me whakarite kia pai te kounga o ngā wāhanga i te wā o te huihuinga.
● Huringa Tere
● PCBA Tūturu
● Āhua-Turnkey
● Huinga BGA
● Te Hanga Tauira
● Te Hanga Puranga
● Utu iti
● Haina
He aha ngā PCB hiko hauora kua hangaia?
Mai i te pakarutanga mai o te mate urutā COVID-19, kei te piki tonu te hiahia o te ao mō ngā taputapu hiko hauora. I roto i tēnei taiao, he maha ngā pātai kua tae mai ki a RICH PCBA mai i te umanga hauora. I tēnei wā, ko te nuinga o ngā PCBA hauora e hangaia ana e mātou he mea hanga mō ngā inemahana rae hiko. Heoi, e hanga ana hoki mātou i ngā PCBA mō ētahi atu taputapu hauora pēnei i ngā matawai CT, ngā rama pokanga, me te whānuitanga o ngā hua. Anei ētahi tauira o te PCBA mō ngā hua hauora ka taea e mātou te whakarato ki ā mātou kiritaki:
● Ngā taputapu whakatere tere
● Ngā taputapu whakakore i ngā fibrillator
● Ngā Manawa
● Aroturuki Tapuhi
● Nohoanga Wira Hiko
● Ngā Papu Kai Mamati
● Taputapu MRI
● Kaitātari Tūroro
● Ngā Whakatō Kōkāria
● Hangarau Matawai
● Ngā Pūnaha Whakahaere
● Ngā Papu Inirini
Te Hanga PCB Hauora
Hipanga 1: Whakaahua Hoahoa
I tēnei taahiraa, ka uru atu te wheketere hanga PCB hauora ki te tukanga, ā, ka whakamahia he pūreretā whakatakoto mahere hei huri i ngā kōnae hoahoa mō ngā papa ara iahiko ki ngā kiriata, ka mahi hei whakaahua kino o te hoahoa.
Ina tāia te PCB, e rua ngā tae waituhi e whakaatuhia ana i ngā paparanga o roto:
● Ko te waituhi pango e tohu ana i ngā tohu parahi me ngā ara iahiko i runga i te PCB.
● Ko te waituhi mārama, pērā i te turanga muka karāhe, e tohu ana i ngā wāhanga PCB kore-kawe hiko.
Kei te paparanga o waho:
● Ngā ara parahi e whakaaturia ana e te mangumangu mārama.
● Ka tohua te wāhi ka tāia te parahi ki te mangumangu pango.
Hipanga 2: Parahi Tānga Papa o Roto
Ko tēnei taahiraa ko te hanga i ngā ara iahiko paparanga-roto mō te PCB hauora hei whakatū i ngā ara kawe hiko i runga i ngā paparanga rerekē. Mena e hiahiatia ana e tō kaupapa he PCB hauora paparanga-maha matatini ake, me mahi anō tēnei taahiraa kia tāia, kia whakairohia hoki ngā ara iahiko paparanga-roto katoa. Hei whakamutunga, ka whakaritea, ka pania kia hanga he paparanga-roto katoa. Ko ngā mahi motuhake koia ēnei:
1. Whakatakotoria he paparanga parahi whakakikoruatia ki ia taha o te papa muka karāhe.
2. Whakahāngaihia he kiriata angiangi ki ngā paparanga parahi, ka whakatakoto ki runga.
3. Whakamahia te hihi ultraviolet (UV) hei whakamaroke me te tiaki i te parahi kei raro.
4. Whakamahia he otinga matū hei whakawhanake i te papa hiko, tangohia te waituhi mārama kāore anō kia whakamaroketia, kia waiho ai ngā tohu parahi me ngā hiko.
5. Tāia te pepa parahi taikaha ki te waituhi pango hei tango i te pepa parahi taikaha, kia kore ai e tāia te parahi anake i ngā wāhi kāore e hiahiatia.
Hipanga 3: Te Whakakotahi i ngā Papa Rerekē
Kia oti ngā paparanga o roto katoa te whakairo, te tā, me te whakakikorua, kia mau ai te ma, me whakakotahi ngā paparanga rerekē hei hanga i tētahi papa ara iahiko tānga katoa. Kei roto i tēnei ko te tukanga keri hei hono atu ki ngā paparanga o roto. Ko te nuinga o ngā kaihanga e whakamahi ana i te keri CNC tuku iho, kāore pea e ranea mō ngā PCB hauora me ngā whakaritenga tino tika.
Hei tauira, tirohia te PCB o te pacemaker hauora, ahakoa he maha atu ngā kōhao keri mō ngā taputapu noa, me te kore e wareware ki ngā taputapu matatau ake. Ko te wā e hiahiatia ana mō te hanga he wāhanga noa iho o te wero; ko te mea nui ake ko te koretake o te huihuinga ka arahi pea ki ngā hapa iti.
Hei whakatika i tēnei wero, ka whakamahia e RICH PCBA ngā mīhini keri whatu me ngā tukanga keri taiaho hei whakatutuki i te keri tika. Kei roto i tēnei he mīhini e pana ana i ngā pine mā roto i ngā kōhao whakarārangi hei whakarārangi i ngā paparanga o roto, o waho hoki, kia whai hua ai te PTH i te wā e huihui ana te PCB mā roto i te kōhao.
Hipanga 4: Whakaahua Paparanga o Waho
He taahiraa nui te whakaahua i te paparanga o waho i roto i te tukanga hanga PCB. Ka whakamahia tētahi atu ātete whakaahua ki te papa hauora PCB, arā, ko te whakawhiti i tētahi whakaahua o te hoahoa PCB ki runga i ngā paparanga parahi i te mata o waho o te papa. Heoi, mō te whakaahua, ka whakamahia anake te ātete whakaahua ki te paparanga o waho. Ka tū te tukanga i roto i tētahi wāhi ma, haumaru hoki.
Ka tīmata te tukanga whakaahua mā te horoi i te mata parahi kia kore ai he paru, he para rānei e whakararuraru i te tuku whakaahua. Ka whakamahia ngā pine hei pupuri i ngā pepa mārama o te waituhi pango kia mau tonu, kia kore ai e hē te rārangi. I muri i te paninga ki te ātete whakaahua, ka haere te panera hauora PCB ki te rūma kōwhai. Ka whakapakeketia te ātete whakaahua e te pupuhi rama UV, ā, ka tangohia te ātete kāore i whakapakeketia kua hipokina e te waituhi pango.
Hipanga 5: Te Whakairo Papa o Waho
I roto i tēnei tukanga, ka tangohia te parahi kāore i te paparanga o waho, ā, ka tāpirihia he paparanga parahi anō mā te whakamahi i te whakakikorua hiko. Ka whakamahia te tine whakakikorua hiko hei tiaki i ngā wāhi nui o te parahi i muri i te horoinga parahi tuatahi. Kia oti te whakairo i te paparanga o waho, ka taea te tirotiro i te panera kia tirohia kia tutuki ai ngā whakaritenga e tika ana, tae atu ki ngā papa PCB ataahua hauora me ngā ara iahiko uaua.
Hipanga 6: Te Mata Hiraka me te Mata Hiraka
Kia oti te hanga hiko, ka pania he kopare whakapiri hei tiaki i te paparanga o waho o te papa hiko tānga hauora, hei pani hoki i ngā taipitopito mata hiraka pēnei i te ID kamupene, ngā waitohu kaihanga, ngā tohu, ngā tohu tautuhi wāhanga, ngā tohu kimi pine, me ētahi atu tohu, āhuatanga rānei e kitea nuitia ana. Ko te tukanga e whai ake nei:
1. Te horoi i te papa PCB hauora hei tango i ngā poke.
2. Te tāpiri i te waituhi kapia epoxy me te kiriata kopare whakapiri ki te mata o te papa ara iahiko.
3. Te whakaatu ki te mārama UV hei whakamaroke i ngā wāhi kāore e hiahiatia he whakapiringa i roto i te paparanga kopare whakapiringa.
4. Tangohia ngā wāhi kāore e hiahiatia he hipoki, ka whakatakotoria te papa ki roto i te oumu hei whakapakeke i te paparanga hipoki honohono.
5. Te whakamahi i tētahi pūreretā waituhi hei tā tika i ngā taipitopito mōhiohio ki runga i te papa.
Hipanga 7: Te Whakaoti Mata
I runga anō i ngā hiahia o te kiritaki, me pani pea he mata ki te PCB hauora kua oti, arā, ko te paninga o te rauemi kawe hiko ki te mata o te papa.
Huihuinga PCB Hauora
Hipanga 1: Te Whakairoiro i te Whakapiri Konukōrero
Ko te tikanga tātuhi whakapiri whakapiri te wāhanga tuatahi o te tukanga huihuinga PCB. I tēnei taahiraa, ka whakamahia he tātuhi PCB hei uhi i te papa hiko kia kitea noa te wāhanga o te papa ka whakapirihia ki tētahi wāhanga. Mā tēnei ka māmā ake te pania o te whakapiri whakapiri ki ngā wāhi o te papa ka whakatakotoria ngā wāhanga.
Ka whakamahia he taputapu miihini hei pupuri i te papa me te tauira whakapiri kia mau tonu ai tēnei mahi. Whai muri i tēnā, ka whakamahia he taputapu hei whakatakoto i te whakapiri whakapiri ki ngā wāhi kua whakaritea. Ka pania te whakapiri whakapiri ki runga i ngā wāhi kua kitea. Kia oti tēnei mahi, ka tangohia te tauira, ā, ka waiho te whakapiri whakapiri ki ngā wāhi tika.
Hipanga 2: He Kēmu "Tīpako me te Whakatakoto"
He maha ngā taputapu hiko hauora e whakatōkia ana ki roto i te tinana tangata, e mau ana rānei ki ngā whekau tairongo. Mēnā ka hē te mahi a ēnei taputapu, pērā i te whakapoto i te ara iahiko, te wera rānei, ka pā kino pea ki te tūroro. Nō reira, he mea nui kia tika te whakanoho i ngā wāhanga ki ngā tūranga kua tohua mā te whakamahi i ngā taputapu tika.
Ko ngā taputapu hiko hauora ka taea te whakatō, pērā i ngā whakatō cochlear me ngā karu hangai, he maha ngā wāhanga hiko kei roto i te hanganga o roto. Heoi, he uaua ki ngā taputapu iti ake te mahi tango me te whakatakoto, ā, he uaua ake te pupuri i te tika. Hei whakatutuki i te tika teitei e hiahiatia ana mō te huihui i te PCB mō ngā whakatō cochlear hauora, ka whakamahia e RICH PCBA ngā taputapu karetao. Ko ngā karetao te kawenga mō te tango me te whakairi i ngā wāhanga mata-mau ki runga i ngā papa hiko, me te whakarite kia tika te whakanoho o ngā wāhanga ki runga i te whakapiri whakarewa me te tikanga whakairi.
Hipanga 3: Te Whakahou i te Hononga
Ko te tukanga whakapiripiri anō he mea hanga hei whakapakari i ngā hononga i waenga i te papa hiko me ngā wāhanga hiko. Hei whakatutuki i tēnei, ka whakamahia he whitiki kawe hei neke i te papa hiko mā roto i tētahi oumu nui hei whakapiripiri anō. Ka rewa te whakapiri whakapiri mā te whakamahana i te papa PCBA ki te 2500 nekehanga Celsius i te wā o te tukanga. I muri i te whakamahana i roto i te oumu, ka haere te PCBA hauora mā roto i tētahi raupapa o ngā pouaka whakamatao, e āwhina ana i te whakapiri whakapiri kia whakamatao, kia whakapakeke hoki, ka hua ake he hononga kaha i waenga i ngā wāhanga hiko me te papa.
He mea nui kia mōhiotia, mō ngā PCB hauora paparua, ka mahia ngā tukanga tā me te whakahou i roto i tētahi raupapa motuhake. Ko te taha o te papa he iti ake ngā wāhanga hiko, he ngāwari ake te whakahaere, ka oti tuatahi.
Hipanga 4: Whakamātautau Huinga PCB Hauora
Ka whakanuia e mātou te tika, te pono, me te āhua matua o ngā papa hiko hauora. Nō reira, he mea tino nui te kimi i ngā kaihanga pono me ngā whare PCBA pai rawa atu, me te whakarite kei a rātou te tiwhikete ISO 13485. Ahakoa kua tutuki i a rātou ēnei paearu, he mea tika tonu kia tirohia ā rātou ratonga whakamātautau PCB.
Haunga ngā tirotiro ā-ringa e whakahaerehia ana puta noa i te tukanga whakaputa, tae atu ki te SPI me te AOI, ka whakahaerehia ngā whakamātautau mahi i te wāhanga whakamutunga o te huihuinga o te PCB hauora. Mā tēnei ka whakarite kia mahi te papa matua kia rite ki te mea e tumanakohia ana, ā, kia tutuki hoki i ngā paerewa teitei kua whakatakotoria e te umanga hauora.
Kia oti te whakamātautau, ka horoia pai te papa hiko hei tango i ngā toenga pēnei i te hinu, te rere o te konutai, me ētahi atu poke rānei. Hei tāpiri, nā runga i ngā whakaritenga motuhake o te hua, ka hiahia pea ngā kaihoko ki ngā tukanga motuhake mō te hanga PCBA hauora, pēnei i te whakahaere parakore, i runga i te momo tono motuhake.
PCB Hauora Tino-Mutunga
Hononga Matotoru-Teitei
Ko te Hononga Matotoru-Teitei tētahi o ngā hangarau matua mō te hanga PCB taputapu hauora hou, e aro ana ki te whakatutuki i ngā wāhanga hiko me ngā hononga maha atu i roto i te wāhi PCB iti. Ko te papa hiko i hangaia mā te whakamahi i tēnei hangarau e mōhiotia ana ko te PCB HDI. Nā te uaua o ngā tukanga e whai wāhi ana, pērā i ngā tohu pai, ngā via matapo, me ngā via tanumia, he utu nui pea te PCB HDI, engari he pai te haumi.
I roto i ngā tono hauora mamao, kāore he manawanui mō ngā whakaroa tohu, ngā whakakorenga rānei. Ahakoa he iti noa te pekanga o te 0.1 hēkona, ka mate pea ngā tūroro. Mā te PCB HDI kounga hauora ka tere te tuku tohu, ka whakaitihia hoki ngā raruraru urupare. Hei tāpiri, mā te whakatinana i ētahi whakapainga hoahoa me te hangarau, ka taea te whakawhiwhi i ēnei papa hiko kiato teitei ki te ātete i te pokanoa hikohiko me te haruru. Ka taea tēnei mā roto i ngā mahi pēnei i te whakamahere papa whenua, te ārai paparanga, me te tātari EMI.
I tēnei wā, ko te nuinga o ngā taputapu matawai CT hauora me ngā aroturuki tinana me te hiko-cardiogram (ECG) maha-momo ka whai hua mai i ngā whakaurunga pūwāhi-mīhini tūturu e whakahohea ana e te HDI PCB.
Ngāwari
He nui te hiahia mō ngā PCB ngāwari i roto i te umanga hauora nā runga i ōna painga pēnei i te whakaitiiti, te herekoretanga hoahoa, me te ngāwari. Ka tutuki i ēnei āhuatanga ngā whakaritenga o ngā taputapu hauora mō ngā otinga mama, kiato, me te pono.
Me tu atu ngā hua hiko hauora ki ngā āhuatanga kino o roto i te tinana tangata, me te whakarato hoki i te pono me te mahi hiko teitei, ā, he pai rawa atu ngā ara iahiko ngāwari mō ēnei mahi. He mea hanga ēnei mai i ngā rauemi angiangi me te ngāwari pērā i te polyimide, te polyester rānei, e taea ai te piko, te whakapiko, te takai rānei kia uru ki ngā wāhi kikī, ki ngā āhua uaua rānei. Hei tāpiri, ka taea e te hoahoa o te PCB ngāwari te whakauru i ngā rerekētanga pāmahana, te whakarato i te ārai wai, te pupuri i te parakore, me te tuku i ngā huihuinga maha.
He maha ngā taputapu hauora e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā ara iahiko ngāwari hei wāhanga matua, tae atu ki ngā taputapu whakatere, ngā taputapu whakaiti i te fibrillation, ngā taputapu whakaohooho roro, ngā mīhini ultrasound, ngā endoscope, me te maha atu.
Hanganga Papamaha
He rerekē, ka taea e te PCB pakari te whakarato i tētahi hanganga ā-roto pono ake i te PCB ngāwari, nā te mea ka taea e ngā kaihanga te whakanoho i ngā wāhanga ki runga i tētahi papa pumau ake. Heoi, nā te kore e taea te whakapiko, kāore pea e taea te tuku i te painga o te whakaitiiti, nō reira, ka whakawhirinaki rātou ki ngā painga o ngā hanganga maha-paparanga hei whakauru i ngā wāhanga maha atu.
I roto i te maha o ngā hua hauora papai, he mea noa te kitea o te PCB pakari. Kei roto i ēnei ko ngā karetao pokanga, ngā mīhini hihi-X, ngā taputapu MRI, ngā hiko-ngakau, me ngā papu chemotherapy. Ko te nuinga o ngā kaihanga taputapu hauora e whiriwhiri ana i te PCB maha-paparanga mō ēnei mahi. Ko ngā rauemi e whakamahia ana mō ēnei PCB ko te kapia epoxy karāhe, te konumohe, ngā uku, me ētahi atu.
Whakamātautau PCB hauora tino pakari
Kei roto i te tukanga whakawhanaketanga mō ngā taputapu hauora ngā whakaaro me ngā whakaritenga tāpiri atu i tua atu i ngā mea e hiahiatia ana mō te hanga PCB kore-tino. He nui ngā whakamātautau e mahia ana i runga i ngā taputapu hauora, he nui atu i te mea ka taea te kī mō ētahi atu momo PCB. Ko te take matua o tēnei ko ngā whakaritenga whakamātautau pakari e whakatakotoria ana e ngā tari whakahaere; heoi, he maha ngā wā e tika ana hoki te whakamātautau mahi me te whakamātautau whakaputa. Ko te whakamātautau ture e hiahiatia ana mō ngā taputapu hauora ka taka ki tētahi o ngā wāhanga whānui e rua:
● Ko ngā taputapu hauora e whakawhiti ana i te pūngao ki te tūroro, mai i te tūroro rānei, e kite ana rānei i te pūngao e tukuna ana ki te tūroro, mai i te tūroro rānei, koinei te kaupapa matua o te Paerewa IEC 60601-1.
● Ko ngā taputapu hauora kāore i hono tika ki te tūroro, pērā i ngā mea e whakamahia ana i roto i te taiwhanga, kei roto i te IEC 61010-1
E whakaatu ana ngā kōrero o mua i te tohungatanga o RICH PCBA ki te hanga me te huihui i ngā PCB hauora. Mēnā e whakaae ana koe ki tō mātou pūkenga, tēnā koa whakapā mai mā te īmēra. Ka whakautu wawe mātou ki tāu patai, ā, ka tukuna atu he utu PCBA utu tika ki a koe.
Te Arotahi o te Kaupapa
He mea nui te pono o ngā tono PCB hauora, ahakoa e whakamahia ana i roto i te rūma pokanga, i te taiwhanga rānei. Kāore he wāhi mō ngā taputapu e hē ana te mahi, e kore rānei e mahi tika i roto i te ao hauora. Nō reira, he mea nui ngā mahi e whai ake nei hei hanga i tētahi papa hiko hei whakamahi i roto i ngā taputapu hauora:
● Me whai whakaaro te hoahoa PCB ki ngā whakaritenga motuhake o te taputapu hauora, tae atu ki te maha o ngā wāhanga, te rahi o te papa, me ngā whakaritenga whakahaere wera.
● He mea nui kia āta whakanohohia ngā wāhanga me te arahi tika i ngā tohu kia angitu ai te papa.
● He mea nui te whiriwhiri i ngā wāhanga hei hanga i ngā taputapu hauora pono. He mea nui kia kitea ngā wāhanga pai rawa atu e tutuki ana i ngā whakaritenga motuhake o te taputapu hauora, ā, he pono, he pakari, he roa hoki te ora.
● Kōwhiria he wheketere huihuinga PCB hauora ngaio, he kamupene rānei he wheako ratonga ahumahi hauora me te ingoa pai hei whakarite i te kounga o ngā ratonga huihuinga PCB.
● E kiia ana he mahi whai hua te whakamahi i te huihuinga PCB kore-mata, ā, mā te whiriwhiri i tētahi kamupene e aro nui ana ki te oranga tonutanga ka puta mai ngā hua ohorere ki tō kaupapa.
● He mea tino nui te tukanga horoi PCB i roto i ngā taputapu hiko hauora. Ahakoa ko te kaupapa o te horoi he karo i ngā ara iahiko poto e puta mai ana i ngā paru o te mata i te wā e whakamahia ana, i roto i ngā taputapu hauora, ka pā kino pea ngā toenga horoi ki ngā tūroro.
● Me tirotirohia, me whakamātauhia hoki ngā papa hiko kua huihuia kia tutuki ai ngā paerewa e hiahiatia ana mō te pono, te mahi, me te haumaru.
● Kia kore ai te pokanoa hikohiko (EMI) e pā ki te PCB hauora, me titiro ngā kaihangarau ki ngā paerewa EMI maha.