Whakaotinga Mata PCB
| Whakaotinga Mata | Uara Noa | Kaiwhakarato |
| Te Tari Ahi Tūao | 0.3~0.55µm, 0.25~0.35µm | Enthone |
| Shikoku Chemical | ||
| WHAKAAE | Ranei: 0.03~0.12um, Ni: 2.5~5um | Hangarau ATO/Chuang Zhi |
| ENIG Kōwhiringa | Ranei: 0.03~0.12um, Ni: 2.5~5um | Hangarau ATO/Chuang Zhi |
| ENEPIC | Au: 0.05~0.125µm, Pd: 0.05~0.3µm | Chuang Zhi |
| I roto i: 3~10um | ||
| Koura Mārō | Au : 0.127~1.5um , Ni : min 2.5um | Kaiutu/EEJA |
| Koura Ngāwari | Au : 0.127~0.5um , Ni : min 2.5um | IKA |
| Tīni Ruku | Iti rawa: 1um | Hangarau Enthone / ATO |
| Hiriwa Ruku | 0.127~0.45um | Makadermid |
| HASL kore-ārahi | 1~25um | Nihon Superior |
Nā te mea kei te noho te parahi i roto i te āhua o ngā waikura i te rangi, ka pā kino ki te kaha o te honohono me te mahi hiko o ngā PCB. Nō reira, me whakaoti te mata o ngā PCB. Mena kāore anō kia oti te mata o ngā PCB, ka ngāwari te raru o te honohono, ā, i ngā wā tino kino, kāore e taea te honohono i ngā papa honohono me ngā wāhanga. Ko te whakaoti mata PCB e pā ana ki te tukanga hanga horihori i tētahi paparanga mata ki runga i te PCB. Ko te kaupapa o te whakaoti PCB he whakarite kia pai te kaha o te honohono, te mahi hiko rānei o te PCB. He maha ngā momo whakaoti mata mō ngā PCB.
Te Whakaōrite i te Pūwero Hau Wera (HASL)
He tukanga tēnei e pania ana te mata whakarewa tine rewa ki runga i te mata o te PCB, e whakapūtā ana (e pupuhi ana) ki te hau wera kua kōpeketia, ā, e hanga ana i tētahi paparanga paninga e ātete ana ki te waikura parahi, ā, e whakarato ana hoki i te kaha ki te whakarewa. I roto i tēnei tukanga, me mātau ki ngā tawhā nui e whai ake nei: te pāmahana whakarewa, te pāmahana maripi hau wera, te pēhanga maripi hau wera, te wā rumaki, te tere hiki, me ētahi atu.
Painga o HASL
1. Te wā rokiroki roa ake.
2. He pai te mākū o te papa me te kapi parahi.
3. Momo kore-mata (e tutuki ana i te RoHS) e whakamahia whānuitia ana.
4. Hangarau pakeke, utu iti.
5. He tino pai mō te tirotiro tirohanga me te whakamātautau hiko.
Te ngoikore o te HASL
1. Kāore i te pai mō te here waea.
2. Nā te āhua tūturu o te meniscus o te whakarewa, he ngoikore te papatahi.
3. Kāore e pā ana ki ngā pana pā capacitive.
4. Mō ngā panera tino angiangi, kāore pea te HASL e pai. Tērā pea ka piko te papa hiko i te pāmahana teitei o te kaukau.
2. Te Tari Ahi Tūao
Ko te OSP te whakarāpopototanga mō te Organic Solderability Preservative, e mōhiotia ana ko te per solder. I roto i te poto, ko te OSP te mea hei rehu ki runga i te mata o ngā papa solder parahi hei hanga i tētahi kiriata tiaki i hangaia mai i ngā matū waro. Me whai āhuatanga tēnei kiriata pēnei i te ātete ki te waikura, te ātete ki te ru wera me te ātete ki te makuku hei tiaki i te mata parahi mai i te waikura (te waikura, te whakamomona rānei, me ētahi atu) i roto i ngā taiao noa. Heoi, i roto i te whakapiri pāmahana teitei i muri mai, me tango wawe tēnei kiriata tiaki e te rere, kia taea ai e te mata parahi ma e kitea ana te hono tonu ki te solder rewa hei hanga i tētahi hononga solder kaha i roto i te wā poto. Arā, ko te mahi a te OSP he mahi hei ārai i waenga i te parahi me te hau.
Painga o te OSP
1. Māmā noa iho, ā, he utu tika hoki; He paninga rehu noa iho te whakaotinga o te mata.
2. He tino maeneene te mata o te papa whakarewa, he papatahi rite tonu ki te ENIG.
3. Kore mata (e tutuki ana i ngā paerewa RoHS) ā, he pai hoki mō te taiao.
4. Ka taea te mahi anō.
Te ngoikore o te OSP
1. Kāore i te tino mākū.
2. Nā te mārama me te angiangi o te kiriata, he uaua ki te ine i te kounga mā te tirotiro ā-kanohi me te whakahaere whakamātautau tuihono.
3. He poto te roa o te ora, he nui ngā whakaritenga mō te rokiroki me te whakahaere.
4. Kāore i te pai te tiaki mō ngā kōhao whakakikoruatia.
Hiriwa Ruku
He pumau ngā āhuatanga matū o te hiriwa. Ka taea tonu e te PCB e tukatukahia ana e te hangarau rumaki hiriwa te whakarato i te mahi hiko pai ahakoa te pāmahana teitei, te haumākū me te taiao poke, me te pupuri i te pai o te tūhono ahakoa ka ngaro tōna kanapa. Ko te hiriwa rumaki he tauhohenga nekehanga e whakatakotoria tika ana he paparanga hiriwa parakore ki runga i te parahi. I ētahi wā, ka whakakotahihia te hiriwa rumaki ki ngā paninga OSP hei ārai i te tauhohenga o te hiriwa ki ngā sulfide i roto i te taiao.
Painga o te Hiriwa Ruku
1. Teitei o te kaha ki te whakapiri.
2. He papatahi te mata.
3. He iti te utu, ā, kāore he mata (e tutuki ana i ngā paerewa RoHS).
4. E pā ana ki te here waea Al.
Te ngoikore o te hiriwa rumaki
1. He nui ngā whakaritenga rokiroki, ā, he ngāwari ki te poke.
2. He poto te wā huihuinga i muri i te tangohanga mai i te takai.
3. He uaua ki te whakahaere whakamātautau hiko.
Tīni Ruku
Nā te mea he tine te pūtake o ngā tūhono katoa, ka taea e te paparanga tine te taurite ki tētahi momo tūhono. Whai muri i te tāpiri i ngā tāpiringa rauropi ki te otinga rumaki tine, ka puta he hanganga kirikiri te hanganga o te paparanga tine, ka wikitoria i ngā raruraru i puta mai i ngā ngutu tine me te hekenga tine, me te pai hoki o te pumau wera me te kaha ki te tūhono.
Ka taea e te tukanga tine rumaki te hanga i ngā matū tine parahi papatahi hei hanga i te tine rumaki kia pai ai te tūhonohono, me te kore he papatahi, he raruraru horapa rānei.
Painga o te Tin Ruku
1. E pā ana ki ngā raina whakaputa whakapae.
2. E pā ana ki te tukatuka waea angiangi me te whakapiri kore-mata, inā koa ki te tukanga kume.
3. He tino pai te papatahi, e tika ana mō te SMT.
Te ngoikore o te tīni rumaki
1. He nui te hiahia mō te rokiroki, ka rerekē pea te tae o ngā tapumati.
2. Tērā pea ka poto te ara iahiko me ngā raruraru hononga honohono i ngā ūkui tine, ā, ka poto ake te ora o te papa.
3. He uaua ki te whakahaere whakamātautau hiko.
4. Kei roto i te tukanga ngā matū whakaputa mate pukupuku.
WHAKAAE
Ko te ENIG (Electroless Nickel Immersion Gold) he paninga mata e whakamahia whānuitia ana, he mea hanga mai i ngā paparanga whakarewa e rua, ka whakatakotoria tika te nikara ki runga i te parahi, kātahi ka pania ngā ngota koura ki runga i te parahi mā te nekehanga. Ko te matotoru o te paparanga o roto o te nikara he 3-6um te nuinga, ā, ko te matotoru o te whakatakotoranga o te paparanga o waho o te koura he 0.05-0.1um te nuinga. Ka hangaia e te nikara he paparanga ārai i waenganui i te tūhono me te parahi. Ko te mahi a te koura he ārai i te waikura o te nikara i te wā e rongoatia ana, kia roa ake ai te ora o te papa, engari ka taea hoki e te tukanga koura rumaki te whakaputa i te papatahi pai o te mata.
Ko te rere o te tukatuka o ENIG ko: te horoi-->te whakairo-->te whakakorikori-->te whakakikorua nikara matū-->te whakatakotoranga koura-->te toenga horoi
Ngā Painga o ENIG
1. He pai mō te whakapiripiri kore mata (e tutuki ana i ngā whakaritenga RoHS).
2. He maeneene te mata.
3. He roa te ora o te pupuri, he pakari hoki te mata.
4. He pai mō te here waea Al.
Ngā ngoikoretanga o ENIG
1. He utu nui nā te whakamahi i te koura.
2. He tukanga uaua, he uaua ki te whakahaere.
3. He ngāwari ki te whakaputa i te āhuatanga o te papa pango.
Nikara Hikohiko/Koura (koura mārō/koura ngohengohe)
Kua wehea te koura nikara hikohiko ki te "koura mārō" me te "koura ngohengohe". He iti te parakore o te koura mārō, ā, he mea noa te whakamahi i roto i ngā maihao koura (ngā hononga taha PCB), ngā hononga PCB, me ētahi atu wāhi ātete-kakahu. Tērā pea ka rerekē te matotoru o te koura i runga i ngā whakaritenga. He nui ake te parakore o te koura ngohengohe, ā, he mea noa te whakamahi i roto i te here waea.
Painga o te Nikara/Koura Hikohiko
1. He roa ake te ora o te rokiroki.
2. He pai mō te whakawhiti whakapā me te here waea.
3. He pai te koura mārō mō te whakamātautau hiko.
4. Kore mata (e tutuki ana i te RoHS)
Te ngoikore o te Nikara/Koura Hikohiko
1. Te whakaotinga mata tino utu nui.
2. Me whai waea hiko tāpiri hei whakakikorua i ngā maihao koura.
3. Kāore e taea te honohono i te koura kua maroke. Nā te matotoru o te koura, he uaua ake te honohono i ngā paparanga matotoru.
ENEPIC
Ko te Nikara Kore-Hiko Ko te Koura Ruku Paraitiuma Kore-Hiko, ENEPIG rānei, kei te piki haere te whakamahinga mō te whakaotinga mata PCB. Ki te whakatauritea ki te ENIG, ka tāpirihia e te ENEPIG tētahi paparanga paraitiuma anō i waenganui i te nikara me te koura hei tiaki i te paparanga nikara mai i te waikura, hei ārai hoki i te puta o ngā papa pango e ngāwari ana te hanga i roto i te tukanga whakaotinga mata ENIG. Ko te matotoru o te nikara he tata ki te 3-6um, ko te matotoru o te paraitiuma he tata ki te 0.1-0.5um, ā, ko te matotoru o te koura he 0.02-0.1um. Ahakoa he iti ake te matotoru o te koura i te ENIG, he nui ake te utu o te ENEPIG. Heoi, nā te hekenga o ngā utu paraitiuma i ēnei rā kua iti ake te utu mō te ENEPIG.
Painga o ENEPIG
1. Kei a ia ngā painga katoa o te ENIG, kāore he āhuatanga o te papa pango.
2. He pai ake mō te here waea i te ENIG.
3. Kāore he mōrearea o te waikura.
4. Roa te wā rokiroki, kore mata (e tutuki ana i te RoHS)
Te ngoikore o ENEPIG
1. He tukanga uaua, he uaua ki te whakahaere.
2. Te utu nui.
3. He tikanga hou tēnei, kāore anō kia pakari.