1. Intangiriro
Nk'intambwe y'ingenzi mu nzira ya SMT, gusubiramo imashini ikoresha amashanyarazi bigira uruhare runini mu kugena ubwizigirwa n'igihe cy'ubuzima bw'ibicuruzwa by'ikoranabuhanga. IPC-J-STD-020, inganda zigezweho zikora ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga zisaba ubushyuhe bungana na ± 5°C. Mu nzego nka electronics zikora imodoka (AEC-Q100) n'izikora mu kirere (MIL-STD-883), ireme ry'ubushyuhe rigira ingaruka ku mutekano n'imikorere y'ibicuruzwa.
2. Amahame ngenderwaho n'ingingo z'ingenzi zo kugenzura
Guhindura imiterere y'ingufu birema ingingo zihamye zo gusoda binyuze mu miterere y'ubushyuhe igenzurwa. Ibipimo by'ingenzi birimo:
- ·Igipimo cyo gushyushya: 1–3°C/s (kugira ngo wirinde gushyuha cyane)
- ·Ubushyuhe bwinshi: 20–40°C hejuru y'aho ishongesha rya solder (ubusanzwe 235–245°C kuri SnAgCu)
- ·Igihe cyo hejuru ya Liquidus (TAL): Amasegonda 30–90
- ·Igipimo cyo gukonjesha: 1–4°C/s (kugira ngo habeho uburyo bwo kunoza imiterere y'aho ibintu bihurira)
3. Ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry'ingenzi rya tekiniki
3.1 Gutunganya imiterere y'ubushyuhe
- ·Ikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya KIC ripima ubushyuhe mu buryo bwihuse (real-time monitoring) rifite uburyo bwa 6–12.
- ·Yemeza ko ubuso bw'ikibaho ΔT na IGICIRO .
- ·Ubushakashatsi bwa SMTA bwerekana ko imiterere y’ubushyuhe yakozwe neza ishobora kugabanya inenge zo gushongesha ku kigero cya 60% (Ishuri Rikuru, 2021).
3.2 Kugenzura ikirere
- ·Uburinzi bwa azote: IKI2 Igipimo kiri munsi ya 1000ppm cyongera ubushobozi bwo gutonyanga ku kigero kirenga 15% (Raporo y'Ubushakashatsi bwa Heller).
- ·Uburyo bwo kohereza umwuka ushyushye: Umucyo ugenzurwa (0.5–1.5 m/s) utuma ubushyuhe bukwirakwira mu buryo bumwe.
3.3 Ibipimo by'imikorere y'ibikoresho
| Ikirango/Icyitegererezo | Uturere tw'ubushyuhe | Uburyo bwo kugenzura ubushyuhe bugezweho | Ikoreshwa rya azote | Ibiranga |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heller 1910 | 12 | ± 1°C | 15m³/isaha | Umwuka ushyushye ugenda mu buryo bubiri |
| Rehm V9 | 10 | ± 1.5°C | 12m³/isaha | Gusubiramo umwuka uvamo umwuka |
| Jutuo JS-800 | 8 | ± 2°C | 18m³/isaha | Gukonjesha hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga |
4. Sisitemu yo kugenzura ubuziranenge
4.1 Gukurikirana Inzira
- ·Isesengura rya SPC mu gihe nyacyo: CRP ≥ 1.33
- ·Kongera kugenzura imiterere y'ubushyuhe: Buri masaha ane
- ·Isuzuma rya X-ray: Yemeza ko ihurizo ry'ibice by'isoda rifite ubuziranenge kuri buri IPC-A-610 amahame
4.2 Kwemeza uburyo bwo kwizera
- ·Ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe: -40°C kugeza kuri 125°C, amagare 1000
- ·Kuzunguruka kwa Mekanike: Ikizamini cya 20–2000Hz, 3-axis
- ·Ishusho y'icyuma: Ubugari bwa IMC (intermetallic compound) 2–5μm
5. Imanza zo Gusaba Ubusabe mu Nganda
- ·Ibyuma by'ikoranabuhanga by'imodoka: Yujuje ibipimo ngenderwaho by'ubushyuhe bw'amasaha 3000.
- ·Ibikoresho byo kwa muganga: Yemejwe na ISO 13485 kubera ko ikurikirana ry’ibikorwa n’uburyo byizewe.
- ·Itumanaho rya 5G: Igenzura ubuziranenge bw'ikimenyetso hamwe n'imiterere y'ingingo z'umugozi zikoreshwa mu gusoda kuri module za mmWave.
6. Incamake: Ishingiro ry'Ubucuruzi bwo Guhindura Ingufu mu buryo Buhamye
- ·Kugenzura neza imiterere y'ubushyuhe
- ·Imikorere ihamye kandi ikora neza y'ibikoresho
- ·Igenzura ryuzuye ry'ubuziranenge n'igenzura ry'ubwizerwe
Hamwe n’igenzura ry’imikorere, abakora bashobora kugera ku musaruro wo kongera gukoresha imashini mu gusora ku gipimo cya ≥99.9%, bakagera ku rwego rwo hejuru rw’ubwiza n’ubuziranenge.
Amareferensi
- 1.IPC-J-STD-020E, 2020
- 2. Inyandiko y'icyitegererezo ku bisubizo bya Heller, 2022
- 3. Iburanisha Mpuzamahanga rya SMTA, 2021
- 4.MIL-STD-883H, 2019
- 5.AEC-Q100 Rev-H, 2014
