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Ingqiqo kwiindidi zeBhodi yeSekethe yeHDI eqhelekileyo kunye nezicelo zayo | Rich Full Joy-1
2025-03-25
Ingqiqo kwiindidi zeBhodi yeSekethe yeHDI eqhelekileyo kunye nezicelo zayo —— Ingcaciso yobungcali nguRich Full Joy
Kule mihla yophuhliso olukhawulezileyo lweemveliso ze-elektroniki olujolise ekusetyenzisweni kancinci kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu, iibhodi zeesekethe ze-HDI (High Density Interconnect), ezineentambo zazo ezikumgangatho ophezulu kunye nezakhiwo zonxibelelwano ezintsonkothileyo, ziye zaba ngamandla aphambili aqhuba ubuchule betekhnoloji yezixhobo ze-elektroniki.
I-Shenzhen Rich Full Joy Electronics Co., Ltd, njengeshishini elikhokelayo kwicandelo leesekethe ze-elektroniki elineminyaka yamava anzulu, ibisoloko iphambili kuphando nophuhliso lwetekhnoloji yebhodi yesekethe ye-HDI, imveliso, kunye nezicelo ezintsha.
Okulandelayo, ngolwazi lwethu olunzulu lobungcali, siza kukusa kuhlolisiso olunzulu lweentlobo zebhodi yesekethe ye-HDI eqhelekileyo, iimfihlakalo zobugcisa ezingasemva kwazo, amaxabiso okusetyenziswa kwazo kushishino, kunye nokuhamba kweenkqubo zemveliso eziphambili kunye neendawo zokulawula umgangatho.
Uhlobo oluSisiseko olusekelwe kuMdibaniso woBulukhuni kunye nokuGuquka: 1+N+1 Iileya
Olu hlobo lwebhodi yesekethe ye-HDI lunesakhiwo esifana nesandwich esakhiwe ngokuchanekileyo kuyilo lwayo lwesakhiwo. Iileya eziphezulu nezisezantsi zihlala ixesha elide Ii-PCB eziqinileyo (Iibhodi zeSekethe eziprintiweyo eziqinileyo), ezisebenza njengesakhelo esixhasayo sebhodi yesekethe yonke. Zibonelela ngesiseko esizinzileyo sokufakelwa kwezinto ze-elektroniki, ziqinisekisa ukuba ibhodi yesekethe inokugcina ulungelelwaniso lwayo lwesakhiwo kwiindawo ezisetyenziswa nzima kwaye unxibelelwano lombane phakathi kwezinto ze-elektroniki aluchaphazeleki.
Iileya ze-“N” embindini ziiFlex PCBs (Flexible Printed Circuit Boards), apho ixabiso le-“N” linokulungiswa ngokuguquguqukayo ngokweemfuno zeemeko zokusetyenziswa kwangempela. Iileya zeFlex PCB zinika ibhodi yesekethe ukuguquguquka okugqwesileyo, okuvumela imisebenzi ekhethekileyo efana nokugoba nokusonga.
Kwicandelo lezixhobo ezinxitywayo, iingenelo zale sakhiwo zibonakaliswe ngokupheleleyo. Umzekelo, kwibhodi yesekethe yebracelet ekrelekrele, inxalenye eqinileyo inokuthwala izinto ezibalulekileyo ezinje ngee-core chips kunye nee-sensors, ukuqinisekisa uzinzo lokucubungula idatha kunye nokuqokelelwa kwesignali. Le nxalenye iguquguqukayo inokulingana ngobuchule negophe lesandla somntu, inike amava okunxiba amancinci kwaye akhululekileyo. Kwangaxeshanye, iqinisekisa ukuba ngexesha lemisebenzi yemihla ngemihla, uqhagamshelo lwesekethe aluchaphazeleki kukunyakaza kwamalungu, okugcina ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwesixhobo.
Ngokwembono yokusetyenziswa kobuchwephesha, kwinkqubo yokuvelisa isakhiwo se-1+N+1 - umaleko, inkqubo yoqhagamshelwano phakathi komaleko oqinileyo kunye nomaleko oguquguqukayo ibaluleke kakhulu. I-Shenzhen Rich Full Joy Electronics Co., Ltd. isebenzisa iteknoloji ye-lamination ephucukileyo kwaye ilawula ngokuchanekileyo iiparameter ezifana nobushushu, uxinzelelo, kunye nexesha ukuqinisekisa unxibelelwano olungenamthungo phakathi komaleko oqinileyo kunye nomaleko oguquguqukayo, kunye nokusebenza kombane okuzinzileyo nokuthembekileyo.
Kwangaxeshanye, kuyilo lwesekethe yomaleko oguquguqukayo, sisebenzisa iteknoloji yokubhola nge-laser echanekileyo kakhulu ukwenza imingxunya emincinci kunye nokufezekisa iingcingo ezinoxinano oluphezulu, ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezingqongqo zezixhobo ezinxitywayo zokunciphisa i-aturization kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu.
Xa kuveliswa iibhodi zesekethe ze-HDI ezikwi-1+N+1, kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kwesekethe yangaphakathi, umaleko oqinileyo kunye nomaleko oguquguqukayo ziqoshwa kwaye zikrolwe ngokweedizayini zazo zesekethe ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kwesekethe.
Ngexesha lesigaba se-lamination, ingqalelo ekhethekileyo inikwa ekukhetheni izinto ezilungelelanisiweyo phakathi komaleko oqinileyo kunye nomaleko oguquguqukayo kunye nokulungiswa kakuhle kweeparamitha ze-lamination ukuqinisekisa ukubophana okuhle phakathi kwamaleko ezinto ezahlukeneyo.
Xa kugrunjwa kunye nobhedu, ngenxa yeempawu zomaleko oguquguqukayo, iiparameter zokugrunjwa nge-laser ziyalungiswa ukuze kuthintelwe umonakalo omkhulu kwizinto eziguquguqukayo, kwaye kwangaxeshanye, ukufana kunye nokunamathela komaleko wobhedu kudonga lomngxuma oguquguqukayo kuyaqinisekiswa.
Umgangatho ophambili - amanqaku olawulo (athile kwisakhiwo se-1+N+1 - umaleko): Ngaphambi kokugquma umaleko oqinileyo kunye nomaleko oguquguqukayo, imiphetho yomaleko oqinileyo kunye nomaleko oguquguqukayo zihlolwa ngokungqongqo ukuba zithe tyaba na ukuze kuthintelwe ukugquma okubi okubangelwa yimiphetho engalinganiyo.
Emva kokugrumba umaleko oguquguqukayo nge-laser, umgangatho wodonga lomngxuma uhlolwa nge-microscope ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho kukrazuka, i-carbonization, kunye nezinye izinto ezenzekayo. Emva kokuba i-copper-plating igqityiwe, uvavanyo lokugoba lwenziwa kwindawo epeyintwe nge-copper yomaleko oguquguqukayo ukuqinisekisa ukunamathela kunye nokuzinza kombane komaleko opeyintwe nge-copper phantsi kweemeko zokugoba.
Ulwakhiwo lweBhodi yeSekethe ye-HDI engumaleko ongu-3+N+3
Kwisakhiwo sebhodi yesekethe ye-HDI enemaleko ye-3+N+3, kukho iimaleko ezintathu zesekethe eqinileyo - iibhodi kwicala ngalinye.
Ezi layers zintathu zesekethe eqinileyo zebhodi ziyasebenzisana ukubonelela ngenkxaso eqinileyo yomzimba kunye nesiseko esizinzileyo soqhagamshelo lombane.
Umaleko oqinileyo ongaphandle ungasetyenziselwa ukufaka izinto ezahlukeneyo ze-elektroniki. Ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezilungileyo zoomatshini, inokukhusela ngempumelelo iisekethe zangaphakathi kumonakalo wangaphandle womzimba.
Umaleko oqinileyo ophakathi udlala indima ebalulekileyo ekudluliseni isignali kunye nokusasazwa kwamandla, ukubonelela ngeendlela zonxibelelwano eziyimfuneko kwiisekethe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza.
Iileya "N" eziphakathi ziileya zesekethe eziguquguqukayo - iibhodi, kwaye ixabiso "N" linokuqinisekiswa ngokuguquguqukayo ngokweemfuno zoyilo lwesekethe kunye nokusebenza.
Ezi layers ziguquguqukayo zinika ibhodi yesekethe amandla okugoba kunye nokuguquguquka okugqwesileyo, okunokuhlangabezana neemfuno zezinye iindawo ezikhethekileyo.
Umzekelo, kwezinye iimeko apho ibhodi yesekethe kufuneka igotywe ibe yimo ethile ukuze ivumelane nendawo enzima ngaphakathi kwesixhobo, umaleko oguquguqukayo udlala indima enkulu.
Ingakwazi ngobuchule ukufezekisa ukuguqulwa kwebhodi yesekethe ngaphandle kokuchaphazela ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwesekethe.
Kwangaxeshanye, umaleko oguquguqukayo ukwanceda ekunciphiseni ubunzima bebhodi yesekethe yonke, nto leyo eyinzuzo ebalulekileyo kwizixhobo ze-elektroniki ezinobunzima.
Lilonke, isakhiwo sebhodi yesekethe ye-3+N+3-umaleko we-HDI sidibanisa uzinzo lweebhodi zesekethe eziqinileyo kunye nokuguquguquka kweebhodi zesekethe eziguquguqukayo. Ngokuyila ngokufanelekileyo inani leeleya eziqinileyo neziguquguqukayo kunye nemisebenzi yazo, inokuhlangabezana neemfuno zesekethe ye-elektroniki ezahlukeneyo nezisebenza kakuhle kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo ezifana nee-smartphones eziphezulu, iithebhulethi, kunye nezinye izixhobo zolawulo lwemizi-mveliso ezineemfuno eziphezulu kakhulu zokusetyenziswa kwendawo kunye nokusebenza kwesekethe.
Umzekelo, kwicandelo lolawulo lwemizi-mveliso, ibhodi yesekethe kufuneka ibe namandla okulwa nokuphazamiseka. I-Shenzhen Rich Full Joy Electronics Co., Ltd. inciphisa ngempumelelo impembelelo yokuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic ekusebenzeni kwebhodi yesekethe ngokuphucula uyilo lwesekethe kunye nokusebenzisa izixhobo zokukhusela.
Kwicandelo leenqwelo-moya, kumiselwa iimfuno eziphezulu kakhulu zokuxhathisa okukhaphukhaphu nobushushu obuphezulu kwebhodi yesekethe. Sisebenzisa izixhobo eziphambili kunye neenkqubo zokuvelisa. Ngesiseko sokuqinisekisa amandla olwakhiwo lwebhodi yesekethe, sinciphisa ubunzima kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwaye siphucule ukuxhathisa kwayo kubushushu obuphezulu ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwezixhobo kwiindawo ezixineneyo.
Xa kuveliswa iibhodi zesekethe ze-HDI ezi-3+N+3, imveliso yesekethe yangaphakathikufuneka iqwalasele iimpawu zesekethe zeeleya ezahlukeneyo eziqinileyo neziguquguqukayo kwaye yenze ukucubungula okucokisekileyo.
Inkqubo yokulamina iyinkimbinkimbi ngakumbi kwaye ifuna iilaminations ezininzi ezinobushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu. Iiparameter zelamination nganye zilawulwa ngokuchanekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukubophana okusondeleyo phakathi kweeleya kunye nozinzo lwesakhiwo siphela.
Kwinkqubo yokubhola kunye neyokugquma ngekopolo, kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zemingxunya (ezifana nemingxuma enzulu engena kwiileya ezininzi eziqinileyo kunye nemingxuma yotshintsho edibanisa iileya eziqinileyo neziguquguqukayo), izixhobo zokubhola ezikhethekileyo kunye neenkqubo zokugquma ngekopolo zisetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wemingxunya kunye nokuthembeka komaleya wokugquma ngekopolo.
Kwinqanaba lokunyanga umphezulu, ngokweemfuno ezikhethekileyo zeemeko ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa ezifana nolawulo lwemizi-mveliso okanye i-aerospace, kukhethwa iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokukhusela kunye nonyango lokunyibilikisa. Umzekelo, kwicandelo le-aerospace, iinkqubo zonyango lomphezulu ezinokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu nobuphantsi kunye nokumelana nemitha zinokukhethwa ngakumbi.
Umgangatho ophambili - amanqaku olawulo (athile kwisakhiwo se-3+N+3 - umaleko): Kwiibhodi zesekethe ezisetyenziswa kwicandelo lolawulo lwemizi-mveliso, uvavanyo lokuhambelana kwe-electromagnetic (EMC) lwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba ibhodi yesekethe inokusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo kwindawo enzima ye-electromagnetic.
Kwiibhodi zesekethe kwicandelo leenqwelo-moya, ukongeza kwiimvavanyo zokusebenza rhoqo, iimvavanyo zomjikelo wobushushu obuphantsi, iimvavanyo zemitha, njl.njl. nazo zenziwa ukulinganisa imeko yokusebenza yokwenyani nokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwebhodi yesekethe phantsi kweemeko ezinzima.
Ngexesha lenkqubo yokulamina, uxinzelelo kunye nokusasazwa kobushushu kulungiswa ngokweempawu zeeleya ezininzi eziqinileyo ukuthintela ukuhlukana okubangelwa kukuxinana koxinzelelo phakathi kweeleya.
Kufuneka kugxininiswe ukuba kwezi ntlobo zintathu zingasentla, inani leeleya zeFlex PCB ezimelwe ngu-“N” alinazinzo. Endaweni yoko, ngokweemfuno ezithile zoyilo, iqela leenjineli eziqeqeshiweyo zeShenzhen Rich Full Joy Electronics Co., Ltd. linokusebenzisa isoftware yoyilo oluphambili kunye namava atyebileyo okwenza uyilo oluchanekileyo kunye nohlengahlengiso lokwenza ngcono ukuze kufezekiswe ibhalansi engcono phakathi kokusebenza kunye neendleko.
Ulwakhiwo lweBhodi yeSekethe ye-HDI engu-10+N+10 - umaleko
Olu hlobo lwebhodi yesekethe ye-HDI lubonisa inyathelo eliya phambili ngokubhekiselele kubunzima besakhiwo kunye nozinzo.
Iqulathe iileya ezimbini ze-Rigid PCBs njengeeleya zangaphandle, kunye neeleya ezininzi ze-Flex PCBs ezibekwe embindini.
Olu lwakhiwo luphucula kakhulu ukuqina kwebhodi yesekethe, luyivumela ukuba imelane neempembelelo ezinkulu zangaphandle kunye nokungcangcazela ngelixa igcina iimpawu ezigobekayo zebhodi yesekethe eguquguqukayo.
Kuyilo lwebhodi yomama yeefowuni ezikumgangatho ophezulu, ibhodi yesekethe ye-10+N+10-layer HDI idlala indima ebalulekileyo.
Indawo yangaphakathi yefowuni incinci kakhulu, ifuna ibhodi yesekethe ukuba ifezekise ukuhlanganiswa okuntsonkothileyo kokusebenza kunye nokufakelwa kweentambo ezinoxinano olukhulu ngaphakathi kwendawo encinci.
Iileya zangaphandle eziqinileyo zesakhiwo seleya esingu-10+N+10 zinokuxhasa ngokuzinzileyo izinto ezahlukeneyo ze-elektroniki ezifana neetships, ii-capacitors, kunye nee-resistor, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwefowuni ephathwayo imihla ngemihla, nokuba iphazamisekile okanye ishukuma kancinci, uqhagamshelo lombane oluhle lunokugcinwa.
Iileya eziguquguqukayo eziphakathi zinokulungelelanisa indlela yokujikeleza kwesekethe ngokwendlela yokubeka indawo yangaphakathi kwifowuni ephathwayo, zifezekisa unxibelelwano olusebenzayo phakathi kweemodyuli ezahlukeneyo ezisebenzayo, ezinje ngokuqhagamshela ibhodi yomama kwizinto ezifana nesiboniso kunye nekhamera, ukuqinisekisa uzinzo kunye nokuthembeka kokudluliselwa kwesignali kunye nokuzisa amava omsebenzisi agudileyo.
I-Shenzhen Rich Full Joy Electronics Co., Lt.
I-Shenzhen Rich Full Joy Electronics Co., Ltd. isebenzisa inkqubo yokubeka izinto ebonakalayo ephucukileyo ukulungelelanisa ngokuchanekileyo umaleko ngamnye ngaphambi kokulamination ukuqinisekisa uqhagamshelo oluchanekileyo lomaleko ngamnye weesekethe.
Kwangaxeshanye, kwindawo yokutshintsha phakathi komaleko oguquguqukayo kunye nomaleko oqinileyo, samkela iindlela ezikhethekileyo zokucwangcisa uxinzelelo - uyilo lwe-buffering kunye neendlela zokucubungula izinto ukuze sinciphise ngempumelelo ingxaki yoxinzelelo olubangelwa kukwahluka kweempawu zezinto kunye nokuphucula ukuthembeka kwexesha elide kwebhodi yesekethe.
Ngenxa yokwanda okuqhubekayo kweemfuno zesantya sokudlulisa idatha kwizixhobo ze-elektroniki zanamhlanje, iibhodi zeesekethe ze-HDI zokudlulisa isignali yesantya esiphezulu ziye zaba yiteknoloji ephambili yokuhlangabezana nale mfuno. Kwinkqubo yemveliso, emva kokuba kwenziwe iisekethe zangaphakathi, kwenziwa imisebenzi emininzi ye-lamination. Ukufana koxinzelelo kunye nobushushu kulawulwa ngokungqongqo kwi-lamination nganye ukuqinisekisa ukuhlanganiswa okuqinileyo kwesakhiwo se-multi-layer.
Kwinkqubo yokugrumba, amaqhinga ahlukeneyo okugrumba kunye neeparameter zezixhobo ziyasetyenziswa kwimingxunya ekwiindawo ezahlukeneyo (ezifana phakathi kweeleya eziqinileyo, phakathi kweeleya eziqinileyo neziguquguqukayo, njl.njl.) ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kwendawo kunye nomgangatho wemingxunya.
Ngexesha lenkqubo yokufaka i-copper-plating, ukuchongwa kwamandla okubopha kwe-copper-plating maleko phakathi kwe-layers ezahlukeneyo kuyaqiniswa ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka konxibelelwano lombane.
Umgangatho ophambili - amanqaku olawulo (athile kwisakhiwo se-10+N+10 - layer): Ngexesha leenkqubo ezininzi ze-lamination, uhlolo lwe-X-ray lwenziwa emva kwe-lamination nganye ukujonga ulungelelwaniso phakathi kwe-layer kunye nokulungisa iiparameter ze-lamination ezilandelayo ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
Kwimingxunya yotshintsho edibanisa iileya eziqinileyo neziguquguqukayo, inkqubo ekhethekileyo yokulungisa imingxuma eludongeni iyasetyenziswa emva kokugrumba ukuze kuphuculwe amandla okubopha phakathi kodonga lwemingxuma, umaleko we-copper-plating, kunye neeleya ezahlukeneyo zezinto.
Ibhodi yesekethe egqityiweyo ivavanywa ngokungcangcazela ngokulinganisa imeko-bume yokungcangcazela ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwefowuni ephathwayo ukujonga ukuthembeka konxibelelwano lwezixhobo ze-elektroniki phakathi kweeleya ezahlukeneyo.
- Ulwakhiwo lwe-HDI: Unxibelelwano olulinganayo, olungafaniyo nolungaqhelekanga
- Izakhiwo ze-HDI ezilinganayo
- Umelo oluQhelekileyo lweMigangatho
Ulwakhiwo lwe-HDI yokuqala yi-1+N+1 layers.
Ulwakhiwo lwe-HDI yoluhlu lwesibini luneengqimba ezi-2+N+2.
Ulwakhiwo lwe-HDI yoluhlu lwesithathu luneengqimba ezi-3+N+3.
Ulwakhiwo lwe-HDI yoluhlu lwesine luneengqimba ezi-4+N+4.
Ulwakhiwo lwe-HDI yeshumi yi-10+N+10 layers
- Inzuzo yoButyebi
Ezi zezona zakhiwo ziqhelekileyo ze-HDI. Ngokulandela le patheni, sinokuyichonga ngokulula indlela yokulandelana kwezikhundla. Umzekelo, ulwakhiwo lwe-4+N+4 lolwesine. Kolu hlobo lolwakhiwo, ixabiso le-N linokulungiswa ukuze lihambelane nobukhulu obahlukeneyo. Ngenxa yoko, ubukhulu bebhodi yesekethe abuthintelwanga, kwaye naluphi na ubukhulu ngaphakathi koluhlu oluvumelekileyo lwezixhobo zokuvelisa bungafezekiswa.
I-HDI - I-HDI yoNxibelelwano oluNgacwangciswanga
- Ingcaciso yeNgqiqo
Ukudibanisa okungenanjongo kuthetha ukuba kufuneka ii-vias ezingaboniyo phakathi komaleko ngamnye. Kwibhodi yesekethe enamaleko ali-10, isakhiwo sayo singamelwa njenge-1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1.
Umlinganiselo woButyebi
Ekubeni kufuneka ii-vias ezingaboniyo kuzo zonke iileya, ubukhulu beleya nganye abunakudlula i-0.1 millimeter. Kukho iimfuno ezingqongqo zobukhulu bebhodi yesekethe. Ukuba ubukhulu beleya nganye budlula i-0.1 millimeter, kunzima ngokwethiyori ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zoyilo.
Izakhiwo ze-HDI ezingalinganiyo nezingaqhelekanga
Ukongeza kwizakhiwo ezisemgangathweni ezilinganayo ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla, kukho izakhiwo ezininzi ze-HDI ezingalinganiyo nezingaqhelekanga. Umzekelo, izakhiwo ezifana ne-2+N+4, 4+6, 5+8. Njengoko kubonisiwe kumfanekiso, ibonisa isakhiwo esingalinganiyo se-14+2+7. Ezi zakhiwo ezingezizo ezisemgangathweni zenzelwe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo. Nangona zinzima ngakumbi kuyilo nakwimveliso xa kuthelekiswa nezakhiwo ezisemgangathweni ezilinganayo.
Ngokuphathelele ukubizwa kwe-HDI, kukho amagama ahlukeneyo aqhelekileyo. Ifomu epheleleyo yile "High - Density Interconnect". Kwishishini le-elektroniki, i-HDI, njengesifinyezo, iyaziwa kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi. Ngamanye amaxesha, xa kugxininiswa kwicala lobugcisa, inokubizwa ngokuba yi "High - Density Interconnect Technology". Nangona kunjalo, isifinyezo "HDI" sesona sigama sisetyenziswa kakhulu kwaye saziwa kakhulu kumaxwebhu obugcisa kunye notshintshiselwano lweshishini.
II. Iindidi ezikhethekileyo zeeBhodi zeSekethe ze-HDI
Iibhodi zeSekethe zeHDI eziBalaseleyo
Iibhodi zeesekethe ze-HDI ezikumgangatho ophezulu zimele itekhnoloji ye-HDI ekumgangatho ophezulu, indibaniselwano egqibeleleyo yetekhnoloji entsonkothileyo kunye nokuveliswa ngokuchanekileyo. Isebenzisa iileya ezingaphezulu kunye nezakhiwo zonxibelelwano ezintsonkothileyo nezintsonkothileyo, njengokwakha inethiwekhi yezithuthi zesixeko ezinqamlezileyo nezisebenza kakuhle kwihlabathi elincinci.
Ngenxa yolu yilo lugqithisileyo, iibhodi zeesekethe ze-HDI ezikumgangatho ophezulu zifikelela kuxinano olukhulu lweesekethe, zinokudibanisa inani elikhulu lezinto ze-elektroniki kwindawo encinci kakhulu, kwaye zinciphise ngakumbi ubungakanani bebhodi yeesekethe.
Kwimimandla eneemfuno ezifuna kakhulu ukusebenza kwezixhobo ze-elektroniki, ezifana nezixhobo zesikhululo sonxibelelwano se-5G kunye neeseva zekhompyutha ezisebenza kakuhle, iibhodi zeesekethe ze-HDI ezikumgangatho ophezulu zidlala indima ephambili engenakutshintshwa.
Ukuthatha izikhululo zonxibelelwano ze-5G njengomzekelo, kufuneka ziphathe ithrafikhi enkulu yedatha kwaye zineemfuno eziphezulu kakhulu zesantya, uzinzo, kunye nokuchaneka kokudluliselwa kwesignali. Ngokusebenzisa iintambo ezinoxinano oluphezulu kunye nezakhiwo zonxibelelwano ezilungiselelweyo, iibhodi zeesekethe ze-HDI ezinolungelelwano oluphezulu zinokufikelela ekudlulisweni okusebenzayo kwezibonakaliso zesantya esiphezulu phakathi kweemodyuli ezahlukeneyo ezisebenzayo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zesikhululo sesiseko zinokufumana kwaye zithumele imiqondiso ngokukhawuleza nangokuchanekileyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zonxibelelwano zenethiwekhi ze-5G ezine-latency ephantsi kunye ne-bandwidth ephezulu.
Kwiiseva zekhompyutha ezisebenza kakuhle, iibhodi zeesekethe zeHDI ezisebenza kakuhle zinokubonelela ngoqhagamshelo lwesignali olukhawulezayo noluzinzileyo kwiitships eziphambili ezifana neeCPU kunye neeGPU, zixhase imisebenzi kunye nokucutshungulwa kwedatha enkulu, kwaye ziphucule ukusebenza kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweseva iyonke.
Ngokwembono yetekhnoloji ye-R & D, ukuveliswa kweebhodi zeesekethe ze-HDI eziphezulu kujongana nemingeni emininzi. Umzekelo, njengoko inani leeleya lisanda, ingxaki yokuphazamiseka kwesignali phakathi kweeleya iba yinto ebonakala ngakumbi. I-Shenzhen Rich Full Joy Electronics Co., Ltd. ityale imali eninzi yezixhobo ze-R & D. Ngokwamkela ubuchwepheshe obuphambili bokwahlukanisa imiqondiso, ukuphucula ulwakhiwo lwe-stack-up, kunye nokusebenzisa izixhobo ezilahlekayo kancinci, isombulula ngempumelelo ingxaki yokuphazamiseka phakathi kweeleya kwaye iqinisekisa umgangatho wokudluliselwa kwesignali.
Kwangaxeshanye, ekuvelisweni kwemingxuma emincinci kunye nokucutshungulwa kweesekethe ezichanekileyo kakhulu, sihlala siphucula umgangatho wenkqubo. Ngokusebenzisa izixhobo zokucubungula i-laser eziphambili kunye netekhnoloji yokukrola ngokuchanekileyo, sifezekisa imveliso yesekethe echanekileyo ephezulu kunye nokucutshungulwa kwemingxuma emincinci, sihlangabezana neemfuno zeebhodi zesekethe ze-HDI eziphezulu zokunciphisa i-aturization kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu.
Xa kusenziwa iibhodi zeesekethe ze-HDI eziphezulu, ukuveliswa kweesekethe zangaphakathi kufuna ukuchaneka okuphezulu kakhulu. Itekhnoloji ye-lithography ephucukileyo kunye nee-photomasks ezinesisombululo esiphezulu zisetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ubuncinci kunye nokuchaneka kweesekethe.
Ngexesha lenkqubo yokulamina, ukuqinisekisa ukuhlanganiswa okuqinileyo kwesakhiwo esineengqimba ezininzi kunye nokusebenza kokudluliselwa kwesignali, ukuchaneka kolawulo lobushushu, uxinzelelo, kunye nexesha kufuneka kube phezulu kakhulu. Kwangaxeshanye, izixhobo ezikhethekileyo zokukhusela iingqimba ezahlukeneyo zisetyenziselwa ukunciphisa amandla kunye nokungena kweengqimba ezahlukeneyo kunye nokunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwesignali.
Kwinkqubo yokugrumba, iteknoloji yokugrumba nge-laser echanekileyo kakhulu isetyenziswa kakhulu ukwenza imingxuma emincinci ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokudibanisa okuxineneyo. Emva kokugrumba, kwenziwa unyango oluqinileyo lodonga olunemingxuma ukuqinisekisa ukubophana okuhle phakathi komaleko wepleyiti yobhedu kunye nodonga olunemingxuma.
Itekhnoloji ye-pulse electroplating ephucukileyo isetyenziswa kwinkqubo ye-copper-plating ukuphucula ukufana kunye nomgangatho we-copper-plating layer kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka konxibelelwano lombane.
Umgangatho ophambili - amanqaku olawulo (athile kwi-HDI ephezulu): Ngaphambi kokulamina, uvavanyo olupheleleyo lwe-impedance lwenziwa kumaleko ngamnye webhodi yesekethe ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukuhambelana kwe-impedance phakathi kwamaleko kuyahlangabezana neemfuno zoyilo kwaye kunciphisa ukubonakaliswa kwesignali kunye nokuphazamiseka.
Emva kokubhoboza, izixhobo eziphezulu ezifana nee-atomic force microscopes zisetyenziselwa ukuhlola iindonga zemingxunya emincinci nge-microscope ukuqinisekisa ukuba uburhabaxa bodonga lwemingxunya buhlangabezana neemfuno zokudluliselwa kwesignali. Ngovavanyo lokulinganisa ukudluliselwa kwesignali ngesantya esiphezulu, ukuthembeka kwesignali yebhodi yesekethe kwiimeko zokudluliselwa kwedatha ngesantya esiphezulu kuyaqinisekiswa, kwaye uhlalutyo olunzulu kunye nophuculo lwenziwa kwiimveliso ezine-signal distortion.
Iibhodi zeSekethe ze-HDI eziQhelekileyo neziguquguqukayo
Iibhodi zesekethe eziqinileyo neziguquguqukayo ze-HDI ezidityanisiweyo zidibanisa ngobuchule iingenelo zeebhodi zesekethe eziqinileyo neziguquguqukayo kwaye ziyilwe ngendlela entsha kakhulu yebhodi yesekethe. Inxalenye eqinileyo inika inkxaso ezinzileyo kunye noqhagamshelo lombane oluthembekileyo kwibhodi yesekethe, iqinisekisa ukuba izinto eziphambili ze-elektroniki zinokufakwa ngokuzinzileyo kwaye udluliselo lwesignali luzinzile. Inxalenye eguquguqukayo inika ibhodi yesekethe ukuguquguquka okugqwesileyo kunye nokugoba, okwenza ukuba ikwazi ukuziqhelanisa noyilo lwesithuba olukhethekileyo kunye neemeko zokusetyenziswa.
Kwicandelo lee-smartphones ezisongekayo, ukusetyenziswa kweebhodi zesekethe ze-HDI eziqinileyo neziguquguqukayo kuzise impumelelo entsha ekuveliseni imveliso entsha.
Ngexesha lokuvuleka nokugoba kwee-smartphones ezisongwayo, ibhodi yesekethe kufuneka imelane nokuguquguquka okuphindaphindiweyo kokugoba ngelixa iqinisekisa uzinzo loqhagamshelo lombane. Inxalenye eqinileyo yebhodi yesekethe edibeneyo ye-HDI eqinileyo neguquguqukayo ingasetyenziselwa ukuthwala izinto ezibalulekileyo ezifana neprosesa eyintloko yefowuni kunye neetships zokugcina, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwemisebenzi yekhompyutha kunye neyokugcina yefowuni. Inxalenye eguquguqukayo inokufezekisa uqhagamshelo olugudileyo lwesekethe kwindawo yokugoba kwesikrini. Njengoko isikrini sivula kwaye sivala, ibhodi yesekethe eguquguqukayo inokugoba ngokugudileyo, iqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa okuzinzileyo kwemiqondiso yokubonisa isikrini kwaye izise abasebenzisi amava okugoba nokuvuleka angenamthungo.
Ukongeza, kwezinye iindawo zezixhobo zonyango, ezifana nezixhobo zokujonga unyango ezinokunxitywa, iibhodi zesekethe ze-HDI eziqinileyo neziguquguqukayo zinokufakelwa kwiimilo zamalungu ahlukeneyo omzimba womntu ukuze kuqokelelwe ngokuchanekileyo kwaye kudluliselwe imiqondiso yomzimba, ngelixa kuqinisekiswa intuthuzelo kunye nokuthembeka kwesixhobo.
Ngokuphathelele inkqubo yokuvelisa, isitshixo seebhodi zeesekethe eziqinileyo neziguquguqukayo ze-HDI zixhomekeke kunxibelelwano lotshintsho phakathi kweendawo eziqinileyo neziguquguqukayo. I-Shenzhen Rich Full Joy Electronics Co., Ltd. yamkela uyilo oludibeneyo oludibeneyo kunye nenkqubo yokuvelisa. Ekudibaneni kweendawo eziqinileyo neziguquguqukayo, ngonyango lwezinto ezikhethekileyo kunye noyilo lwesakhiwo, utshintsho olugudileyo luyafezekiswa, olunciphisa ngempumelelo uxinzelelo kunye nokuphucula ukuthembeka kwebhodi yeesekethe ngexesha lokugoba okuphindaphindiweyo.
Kwangaxeshanye, sisebenzisa iteknoloji yokuvelisa iisekethe eziguquguqukayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba iisekethe ezikwinxalenye eguquguqukayo zinokuguquguquka okuhle kunye nokusebenza kombane kwaye ziyakwazi ukumelana novavanyo lokugoba kunye nokulula ixesha elide.
Xa kusenziwa iibhodi zesekethe eziqinileyo neziguquguqukayo ze-HDI, imveliso yesekethe yangaphakathi ilungiselelwe iindawo eziqinileyo neziguquguqukayo ngokulandelelana. Inxalenye eqinileyo igxila kumthamo wokuthwala umthwalo kunye nokuzinza kweesekethe, ngelixa inxalenye eguquguqukayo igxila kukuguquguquka kunye nokugoba kweesekethe.
Ngexesha lenkqubo yokugquma, inkqubo yokugquma kwindawo yokutshintsha phakathi kweendawo eziqinileyo neziguquguqukayo yenzelwe ngokukodwa. Iiparamitha ezikhethekileyo zokulungiselela kunye ne-lamination zisetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa amandla okubopha kunye nokuguquguquka kwendawo yokutshintsha.
Kwinkqubo yokubhola kunye neyokugquma ngekopolo, kusetyenziswa iinkqubo ezikhethekileyo zokubhola kunye nezokugquma ngekopolo kwimingxunya ekwindawo yokutshintsha phakathi kweendawo eziqinileyo neziguquguqukayo ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wodonga lwemingxunya kunye nokunamathela komaleko we-copper-plating ukuze uvumelane notshintsho loxinzelelo ngexesha lenkqubo yokugoba.
Umgangatho ophambili - amanqaku olawulo (athile kwi-HDI eqinileyo - eguquguqukayo edibeneyo): Emva kokuba iisekethe zangaphakathi kwindawo yokutshintsha phakathi kweendawo eziqinileyo neziguquguqukayo zigqityiwe, kusetyenziswa imakroskopu ye-electron yokuskena echanekileyo kakhulu ukujonga ukuthembeka konxibelelwano kunye nomgangatho womphetho weesekethe ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho zingozi zifihlakeleyo zeesekethe ezivulekileyo okanye iisekethe ezimfutshane.
Ngexesha lenkqubo yokulamina, ukubekwa kweliso koxinzelelo lwendawo kwenziwa kwindawo yotshintsho ukuqinisekisa ukusasazwa koxinzelelo ngokulinganayo kunye nokuthintela ukubopha okungekho sempilweni ngenxa yoxinzelelo olungalinganiyo.
Emva kokuba ibhodi yesekethe idityanisiwe, uvavanyo lokugoba olulinganisiweyo lwenziwa ubuncinane amaxesha angama-[X]. Ngeli xesha, ukusebenza kombane kuhlolwa ngexesha langempela ukujonga ukuba ukuhanjiswa kwesignali kuzinzile na. Inani kunye nendawo yokusilela kuyarekhodwa, kwaye izizathu ziyahlalutywa kwaye ziphuculwe.
Uvavanyo lokutsalwa lwenziwa kwiisekethe ezikwinxalenye eguquguqukayo ukuze kulinganiswe iimeko zokutsalwa kombane ezisetyenziswa imihla ngemihla, ukuqinisekisa ukuba iisekethe zisenokugcina uqhagamshelo olufanelekileyo lombane kunye neempawu zoomatshini phantsi koxinzelelo.
Iibhodi zeSekethe ze-HDI zoThumelo lweSignali yesantya esiphezulu
Ngexesha loyilo kunye nenkqubo yokuvelisa olu hlobo lwebhodi yesekethe, uthotho lwezixhobo ezikhethekileyo kunye neenkqubo eziphambili ziyasetyenziswa ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwesignali kunye nokuphazamiseka ngexesha lokuhambisa.
Umzekelo, ekukhetheni izinto, sikhetha iibhodi ezine-dielectric constant ephantsi kunye nelahleko ephantsi ukunciphisa ukulahleka kwamandla kunye nokulibaziseka ngexesha lokudluliselwa kwesignali.
Ngokuphathelele uyilo lwesekethe, ukuhambelana kwe-impedance kufezekiswa ngokuphucula indlela yokujikeleza kwesekethe, ukulawula ubude kunye nesithuba sesekethe, ukuqinisekisa ukuba imiqondiso yesantya esiphezulu inokudluliselwa ngaphandle kokulahleka okukhulu kunye nokuphazamiseka.
Kwimimandla efana nezixhobo zonxibelelwano lwenethiwekhi ekhawulezayo kunye nezixhobo zokudlulisa ividiyo ezikumgangatho ophezulu, iibhodi zeesekethe ze-HDI zokudlulisa isignali ekhawulezayo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo.
Kwizixhobo zonxibelelwano lwenethiwekhi ekhawulezayo ezifana nee-routers kunye neeswitshi, iibhodi zeesekethe ze-HDI zokudlulisa isignali ekhawulezayo zinokuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa kwedatha ngokukhawuleza nangokuchanekileyo kwiinethiwekhi ezikhawulezayo, ukunciphisa ukulibaziseka kwesignali kunye nokulahleka kwepakethi, kunye nokubonelela abasebenzisi ngonxibelelwano lwenethiwekhi oluzinzileyo nolugudileyo.
Kwizixhobo zokudlulisa ividiyo ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezifana nezixhobo zokudlala ividiyo ze-4K/8K kunye neenkqubo zokujonga ividiyo, iibhodi zeesekethe ze-HDI zokudlulisa isignali ekhawulezayo zinokuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa kwesignali yevidiyo ekumgangatho ophezulu, ziphephe iingxaki ezinje ngokuqandisa imifanekiso kunye nokuphazamiseka kwesikrini, kwaye zinike abasebenzisi amava okujonga agqibeleleyo.
Ngokwembono yeendlela zophuhliso lweshishini, ngophuhliso olukhawulezayo lwetekhnoloji entsha efana nonxibelelwano lwe-5G, i-Intanethi yezinto, kunye nobukrelekrele bokwenziwa, imfuno yeebhodi zeesekethe ze-HDI zokudlulisa isignali ngesantya esiphezulu iya kuqhubeka ikhula. I-Shenzhen Rich Full Joy Electronics Co., Ltd. iya kujonga ngokusondeleyo iindlela zoshishino, inyuse rhoqo utyalo-mali lwe-R & D, kwaye iqhubeke nokwenza ngcono uyilo kunye neenkqubo zokuvelisa iibhodi zeesekethe ze-HDI zokudlulisa isignali ngesantya esiphezulu ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zemarike ezikhulayo zokudlulisa idatha ngesantya esiphezulu nezizinzileyo.
Xa kusenziwa iibhodi zesekethe ze-HDI zokudlulisa isignali ngesantya esiphezulu, imveliso yesekethe yangaphakathi igxile ekwenzeni ngcono uyilo lwesekethe ukunciphisa imithombo yokuphazamiseka kwindlela yokudlulisa isignali. Ii-prepregs eziphantsi ze-dielectric kunye neefoyile zobhedu zikhethwa ukuze kuncitshiswe ilahleko zokudlulisa isignali. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokubhola kunye ne-copper-plating, ukuchaneka kobukhulu bemingxunya kunye nokufana komgangatho we-copper-plating kulawulwa ngokungqongqo ukunciphisa impembelelo ekudlulisweni kwesignali. Itekhnoloji yokugrumba echanekileyo isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa isekethe yangaphandle ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-flatness kunye nomgangatho we-edge yesekethe kunye nokuphepha ukubonakaliswa kwesignali. Kunyango lomphezulu, iinkqubo ezinempembelelo encinci ekudlulisweni kwesignali, ezifana ne-organic solderability preservative (OSP), zikhethwa. Ngelixa kuqinisekiswa ukuba i-solderability, ukuphazamiseka kwezibonakaliso zesantya esiphezulu kuyancitshiswa.
Umgangatho ophambili - amanqaku olawulo (athile kwi-HDI yokudlulisa isignali yesantya esiphezulu): Kwinqanaba lokuhlolwa kwezinto eziluhlaza, iipropati ze-dielectric zeebhodi ezihlala zihleli ze-dielectric eziphantsi zivavanywa ngokuchanekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kweemfuno zokudlulisa isignali yesantya esiphezulu. Isoftware yohlalutyo lokuthembeka kwesignali yobungcali isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa nokuqinisekisa uyilo loyilo lwesekethe, kwaye iingxaki zokuphazamiseka kwesignali ezinokubakho ziyafunyanwa kwaye zisonjululwe ngexesha elifanelekileyo ngaphambi kokuba zenziwe. Emva kokubhola kunye nokufaka i-copper-plating, umvavanyi we-impedance ochanekileyo ophezulu usetyenziselwa ukulinganisa i-line impedance point by point ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukuchaneka kokuhambelana kwe-impedance kungaphakathi koluhlu lwempazamo encinci kakhulu. Ibhodi yesekethe egqityiweyo ivavanywa uvavanyo lokudlulisa isignali yesantya esiphezulu, ilinganisa amazinga aphezulu kunye neendawo zesignali ezintsonkothileyo kwizicelo zokwenyani. Umgangatho wesignali uvavanywa ngeendlela ezifana nohlalutyo lwe-eye-diagram, kwaye iimveliso ezingaphantsi komgangatho azivumelekanga ngokungqongqo ukuba ziphume kwifektri.
- III. Isishwankathelo seNkqubo yoMveliso weBhodi yeSekethe ye-HDI kunye noMgangatho oPhambili - Amanqaku oLawulo
Ukuveliswa kweebhodi zeesekethe ze-HDI yinkqubo echanekileyo kakhulu neyinkimbinkimbi equka ubuchwepheshe obuninzi obuphambili kunye nolawulo olungqongqo lwenkqubo. Ibandakanya ikakhulu la manyathelo aphambili alandelayo kunye namanqaku olawulo oluhambelanayo nomgangatho:
- Imveliso yeSekethe yangaphakathi - yoLwakhiwo
Okokuqala, lungisa i-laminate egqunywe ngobhedu. Ipateni yesekethe eyiliweyo idluliselwa kwipleyiti yobhedu ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-lithography, kwaye umaleko wobhedu ongafunekiyo ususwa ngenkqubo yokugrumba ukuze kwenziwe iisekethe zangaphakathi ezichanekileyo. Eli nyathelo lifuna izixhobo ze-lithography ezichanekileyo kunye nolawulo oluchanekileyo lokugrumba ukuqinisekisa ukuba iisekethe zicocekile kwaye zichanekile.
Umgangatho ophambili - amanqaku olawulo: Ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa kwe-lithography, i-photomask ihlolwa ngokungqongqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ipateni ayinaziphene kwaye icacile kakhulu. Ngexesha le-lithography, iiparameter ezifana nobunzulu bokuvezwa kunye nexesha zijongwa ngexesha langempela ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kokudluliselwa kwesekethe. Ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwe-etching, uxinzelelo, ubushushu, kunye nexesha lokusetyenziswa kwe-etchant zilawulwa ngokungqongqo. Izinga lokusetyenziswa kwe-etching lijongwa ngexesha langempela ngokusebenzisa izixhobo zokuchonga kwi-intanethi ukuthintela ukugrumba okugqithisileyo okanye okungaphantsi kwesekethe kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba ububanzi besekethe kunye nesithuba ziyahlangabezana neemfuno zoyilo.
- Ukucoca
Iibhodi zesekethe zangaphakathi ezenziwe ngomaleko, ii-prepregs, kunye nee-copper foils zangaphandle zibekwe ngokweemfuno zoyilo kwaye zibekwe kwi-laminator yobushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu. Phantsi kobushushu obulawulwa ngokuchanekileyo, uxinzelelo, kunye neemeko zexesha, ii-prepregs ziyanyibilika kwaye zibophe ngokuqinileyo ii-layer kunye ukuze zenze isakhiwo esisisiseko sebhodi ene-multi-layer. Inkqubo ye-lamination ineemfuno eziphezulu kakhulu zokufana kobushushu kunye nokuzinza koxinzelelo lwezixhobo ukuqinisekisa ukubopha okuqinileyo phakathi kwe-layer kunye nokungabikho ziphene ezifana namaqamza kunye ne-delamination.
Umgangatho ophambili - amanqaku olawulo: Ngaphambi kokulamina, umgangatho womphezulu weebhodi zesekethe zangaphakathi, ii-prepregs, kunye nee-copper foils zangaphandle zihlolwa ngononophelo ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho kungcola, imikrwelo, kunye nezinye iingxaki. Izinzwa zobushushu kunye nezinzwa zoxinzelelo ze-laminator zilinganiswa ngokungqongqo ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kunye nokufana kobushushu kunye noxinzelelo. Emva kokulamina, izixhobo zokuhlola i-X-ray zisetyenziselwa ukujonga iziphene ezifana namaqamza kunye nokuqhekeka phakathi kwee-layers, kwaye iimveliso ezineziphene zilungiswa ngokukhawuleza okanye zilahlwe.
- Ukubhola kunye nobhedu - Ukuplata
Izixhobo zokugrumba ezichanekileyo kakhulu ezifana noomatshini bokugrumba nge-laser zisetyenziselwa ukugrumba imingxunya emincinci, imingxunya engaboniyo, kunye nemingxunya efihliweyo yokudibanisa iisekethe zomaleko ngamnye. Emva koko, ukugrumba kunye nokugrumba nge-electroless copper kwenziwa ukuze kufakwe umaleko ofanayo wobhedu eludongeni lomngxunya, ukuqinisekisa unxibelelwano oluhle lombane phakathi kweesekethe zomaleko ngamnye. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokugrumba nge-copper, iiparameter ezifana nokwakheka kwesisombululo sokugrumba, ubushushu, kunye noxinano lwangoku zilawulwa ngokungqongqo ukuqinisekisa ubukhulu kunye nomgangatho womaleko wobhedu.
Umgangatho ophambili - amanqaku olawulo: Ngaphambi kokugrumba, izixhobo zokugrumba ziyalinganiswa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba zichanekile na ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba iindawo zokugrumba zichanekile. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokugrumba, iiparameter ezifana nobunzulu bokugrumba kunye nobubanzi bomngxuma zijongwa ngexesha langempela ukuthintela iingxaki ezifana nokuphambuka kokugrumba kunye nokugrumba. Ngexesha lokugrumba ngobhedu, ukwakheka kwesisombululo sokugrumba kuvavanywa rhoqo, kwaye ukusebenza kwesisombululo sokugrumba kuhlolwa ngeendlela ezifana novavanyo lweeseli zeHull ukuqinisekisa ubukhulu bomaleko wobhedu obufanayo kunye nokunamathela okunamandla. Iindlela ezifana nohlalutyo lwecandelo le-metallographic zisetyenziselwa ukujonga umgangatho womaleko wobhedu eludongeni lomngxuma, njengobukho bezithuba kunye nokungakhululeki.
- Imveliso yeSekethe yeLayer yangaphandle
Iinkqubo ze-lithography kunye ne-etching zisetyenziswa kwakhona ukuvelisa iisekethe zangaphandle kwibhodi elaminethiweyo. Le nkqubo ifana neyokuvelisa iisekethe zangaphakathi, kodwa iimfuno zokuchaneka kunye nokuthembeka kweesekethe zangaphandle ziphezulu ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zeentambo zoxinzelelo oluphezulu.
Amanqaku olawulo oluphezulu: Ngokufana nokuveliswa kwesekethe yangaphakathi, ulawulo oluqinileyo lomgangatho lwenziwa kwi-photomask ye-lithography yesekethe yangaphandle. Ngexesha le-lithography kunye nokukrola, ukuhlolwa kokuchaneka kwesekethe kuyaqiniswa. Izixhobo ezifana nee-electron microscopes zisetyenziselwa ukubona - ukujonga umgangatho womphetho kunye nokuchaneka kobubanzi besekethe ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yoyilo. Emva kokukrola, umphezulu wesekethe uhlolwa iingxaki ezifana neentsalela zokukrola kunye neesekethe ezimfutshane.
- Unyango Lomphezulu
Ukuthintela i-oxidation yomaleko wobhedu nokuphucula ukunyibilika, umphezulu webhodi yesekethe uyanyangwa. Iindlela eziqhelekileyo ziquka ukulinganisa i-hot-air solder (HASL), i-electroless nickel immersion gold (ENIG), i-organic solderability preservative (OSP), njl. Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango lomphezulu zifanelekile kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa, kwaye inkqubo efanelekileyo kufuneka ikhethwe ngokweemfuno zemveliso.
Amanqaku olawulo oluphezulu: Ngaphambi kokulungiswa komphezulu, qiniseka ukuba umphezulu webhodi yesekethe ucocekile kwaye awunamabala eoyile kunye nokungcola. Kwinkqubo yokulinganisa i-solder yomoya oshushu, ubushushu be-tin-lead alloy kunye nexesha lokuntywiliselwa kwe-solder zilawulwa ngokungqongqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba amalungu e-solder athe tyaba kwaye agudileyo, kwaye akukho ngxaki ezifana nokutshiza okomileyo kunye nokubhida. Kwinkqubo yegolide yokuntywiliselwa kwe-nickel engena-electro, ixabiso le-pH, ubushushu, kunye nexesha lokutyibilika kwesisombululo sokutyibilika zilawulwa ngokuchanekileyo ukuqinisekisa ubukhulu obufanayo beeleya ze-nickel kunye negolide. Isiphumo sonyango lomphezulu siqinisekiswa ngeendlela ezifana novavanyo lokutyibilika. Kwinkqubo yokugcina ukutyibilika kwe-organic, ukufana kobukhulu befilimu kulawulwa, kwaye ukujonga ixesha langempela kwenziwa nge-film-thickness tester.
- Uvavanyo kunye nokuhlolwa
Ibhodi yesekethe ivavanywa ngokupheleleyo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zovavanyo ezifana novavanyo lokusebenza kombane, ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray, kunye novavanyo lwe-flying-probe ukuqinisekisa ukuba izalathisi zayo zokusebenza ziyahlangabezana neemfuno zoyilo. Kuphela ziimveliso eziphumelele uvavanyo olungqongqo ezinokungena kwinqanaba elilandelayo.
Umgangatho ophambili - amanqaku olawulo: Ngexesha lovavanyo lokusebenza kombane, iiparameter zovavanyo zimiselwa ngokweemfuno ezisemgangathweni, kwaye izalathisi eziphambili ezifana nokuqhuba kwebhodi yesekethe, ukumelana nokufakwa kobushushu, kunye nokungaguquguquki zilinganiswa ngokuchanekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokudluliselwa kwesignali. Uhlolo lwe-X-ray lusetyenziselwa ukujonga isakhiwo sangaphakathi phakathi komaleko, umgangatho wemingxuma, njl.njl., kwaye iziphene zangaphakathi zifunyanwa ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Uvavanyo lwe-Flying-probe lwenza uvavanyo loqhagamshelo lombane oluya kwindawo ukuya kwindawo kwiinxalenye ezincinci kunye neesekethe ezintsonkothileyo kwibhodi yesekethe ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka koqhagamshelo lwesekethe. Kwiimveliso ezingafanelekiyo, kwenziwa uhlalutyo oluneenkcukacha lokusilela, unobangela wengxaki ulandelwa, kwaye kuthathwa amanyathelo okuphucula ahambelanayo.
- Ukwenziwa kunye nokuSebenzisa emva
Ngokwemilinganiselo yoyilo, ibhodi yesekethe yenziwe ngokucutshungulwa ngoomatshini okanye ngokusika nge-laser. Okokugqibela, iinkqubo zokucubungula emva kokucoca kunye nokupakishwa zenziwa ukuze kugqitywe ukuveliswa kwebhodi yesekethe ye-HDI.
Umgangatho ophambili - amanqaku olawulo: Ngexesha lenkqubo yokwenza, ukuchaneka kobukhulu bokucubungula kulawulwa ngokungqongqo. Izixhobo zokulinganisa ezichanekileyo kakhulu zisetyenziselwa ukubona - ukujonga ubukhulu bebhodi yesekethe eyenziweyo ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kweemfuno zomzobo woyilo. Kwinkqubo yokucoca, qinisekisa ukuba uxinzelelo, ubushushu, kunye nexesha lokucoca isisombululo sokucoca zifanelekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho kungcola okushiyekileyo kumphezulu webhodi yesekethe. Xa upakisha, kusetyenziswa izixhobo zokupakisha ezifanelekileyo kunye neendlela zokuthintela umonakalo kwibhodi yesekethe ngexesha lokuthuthwa nokugcinwa.
I-Shenzhen Rich Full Joy Electronics Co., Ltd., enesiseko sayo sobugcisa esinzulu, amava atyebileyo kushishino, kunye neqela lobunjineli bobuchwephesha, inolwazi olunzulu ngamanqaku aphambili kunye nemingeni ekhethekileyo kuyilo, ukwenziwa, kunye nokusetyenziswa kohlobo ngalunye lwebhodi yesekethe ye-HDI. Singakhetha ngokuchanekileyo isisombululo esifanelekileyo kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zebhodi yesekethe ye-HDI ngokweemfuno ezithile zesicelo sabathengi. Ngeenkqubo zemveliso eziphambili, ulawulo oluqinileyo lomgangatho, kunye nophuhliso oluqhubekayo lobuchwepheshe, senza iimveliso zebhodi yesekethe ye-HDI ekumgangatho ophezulu nesebenza kakuhle kubathengi, sibanceda ukuba baphumelele ngakumbi kwicandelo lokuvelisa izixhobo ze-elektroniki.
Ukongeza, ngenkqubela phambili eqhubekayo yesayensi netekhnoloji kunye nokukhuthazwa okuqhubekayo kobuchule bokuvelisa izinto ezintsha, ubuchwepheshe bebhodi yesekethe ye-HDI buhamba ngokukhawuleza. I-Shenzhen Rich Full Joy Electronics Co., Ltd. iya kuhlala igcina ulwazi oluchanekileyo lwemarike, ibandakanyeke ngokukhutheleyo kuphando kunye nokuphonononga ubuchwepheshe obutsha, iqhubeke nokwandisa imida yokusetyenziswa kweebhodi zesekethe ze-HDI, ifake umsinga ongapheliyo wempembelelo kuphuhliso lweshishini lokuvelisa izixhobo ze-elektroniki, kwaye ikhokelele eli shishini kwiindawo ezintsha.
