Iindidi zeeModyuli

Ibhodi yomthwali we-IC PCB

1. Ungawubona njani umba womaleko we-IC carrier PCB?

Misela ngokusekelwe kubungakanani besignali, iimfuno zemaleko yamandla, kunye neemfuno zokuthembeka kwesignali. Imiqondiso ekhawulezayo ngakumbi ifuna amaleko angaphakathi ongezelelweyo ukuze ikhuseleke, umz., abathwali beprosesa yeselula badla ngokusebenzisa amaleko asi-8-10.
2. Ungayila njani ubungakanani bomthwali we-IC?

Uyilo oluhambelana nobukhulu betshiphusi, uyilo lwecandelo elingaphandle, kunye nendawo yokufakela. Umzekelo, ii-smart watch carriers zifuna ukwenziwa kube lula ngokuchanekileyo.
3. Ungazikhetha njani izinto ze-IC carrier PCB?

Sebenzisa izixhobo ezisebenzisa i-dielectric engadingi umbane kakhulu (umz., iRogers) kwizicelo ezisebenzisa isantya esiphezulu kunye ne-FR-4 kwizixhobo eziqhelekileyo. Tshatisa i-thermal expansion coefficient kunye ne-chip.
4. Ungayila njani indlela yokuhambisa umzila wesithuthi se-IC?

Landela imigaqo yokuthembeka kwesignali: gcina imiqondiso yesantya esiphezulu imfutshane kwaye ithe tye, qinisekisa ukuba ii-differential pairs ziyalingana ngobude kwaye ziyafana ngokwesithuba. Umzekelo, ii-PCIe interfaces zifuna ulawulo olungqongqo lobude kunye nesithuba.
5. Ungayila njani umaleko wamandla wenkampani ethwala i-IC?

Cwangcisa iiplani zamandla ezifanayo kwaye wahlukanise iindawo zamandla ezahlukeneyo ngexesha lokwahlulahlula ukuze kuthintelwe ukuthetha phakathi kwezixhobo zamandla zedijithali kunye neze-analog.
6. Ungayila njani isiseko se-IC carrier?

Misela iplani yokumisa umhlaba ene-impedance ephantsi, yongeza izangqa zokukhusela kwiimpawu ezibuthathaka, kwaye usebenzise i-multi-point grounding kwi-RF circuits.
7. Ungayila njani i-vias yenkampani ye-IC?

Ubungakanani be-Via bumiselwa yi-current kunye ne-frequency. Sebenzisa ii-vias ezincinci (umz., ＜0.3mm kwiisignali ezingaphezulu kwe-10GHz) kwiisignali zesantya esiphezulu ukunciphisa iiparameter ze-parasitic.
8. Ungayila njani iphakheji ye-BGA yenkampani ethwala i-IC?

Thelekisa ubukhulu bephedi kunye nesithuba, lungisa indlela yokuhambisa umbane kunye nokusasazwa kobushushu kwindawo ye-BGA, kwaye wongeze i-thermal via array engaphantsi kwe-BGA.
9. Ungayila njani amanqaku ovavanyo lwenkampani ethwala i-IC?

Iindawo zovavanyo kufuneka zifikeleleke kwizixhobo, kwaye mazibekwe kwiindawo zesignali eziphambili kunye neephini zombane ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zovavanyo olusebenzayo.
10. Ungayila njani isikrini sesilika senqwelo ye-IC?

Isikrini sesilika kufuneka siphawule ngokucacileyo iilebhile zezixhobo, i-polarity, njl.njl., kwaye sibekwe kwiindawo ezingenanto kude neendawo zokuwelda.
11. Ungayila njani isicwangciso somthwali we-IC?

Yenza ngokwezifiso imo (umz., uxande/ongacwangciswanga) ngokwesakhiwo sezixhobo kunye neemfuno zokufakela ukuqinisekisa ukuba ziyahambelana nezinye izinto, njengakwii-laptop carriers.
12. Ungayila njani imiqobo yokuthwala i-IC?

Misela ukunyamezelana (umz., ±0.05mm ububanzi bomgca) ngokusekelwe kwiinkqubo zokuvelisa ukuqinisekisa ukulungelelaniswa phakathi kweeleya kunye nokuchaneka kokufakwa kwezixhobo.
13. Ungayila njani isakhiwo sobushushu se-IC carrier?

Sebenzisa izinki zobushushu, ii-vias, okanye ii-substrates zesinyithi kwiitships ezinamandla aphezulu. Umzekelo, ii-CPU carriers ziphucula ukusasazwa kobushushu ngokusebenzisa iiplani ezinkulu zobhedu kunye nee-vias.
14. Ungayila njani i-electromagnetic shield ye-IC carrier?

Sebenzisa izigqubuthelo zesinyithi okanye iileya zokukhusela umphezulu ukuze uvale iisekethe ezinobuthathaka (umz., iimodyuli zeRF).
15. Ungayila njani ukuthembeka kwenkampani ethwala i-IC?

Cinga ngezinto zokwakha, indlela yokusebenza, kunye noyilo lobushushu ngokupheleleyo. Sebenzisa izinto ezikumgangatho ophezulu kwaye unciphise uxinzelelo.
16. Ungayila njani indlela yokwenziwa kwe-IC carrier?

Uyilo oluhambelana nezakhono zenkqubo (umz., ububanzi/isithuba esincinci somgca) ukuze kube lula ukwenza.
17. Ungayila njani indlela yokuvavanya isithuthi se-IC?

Faka amanqaku ovavanyo aneleyo kunye neendawo zokujonga (umz., i-JTAG) zokuvavanya imveliso kunye nokuchonga iimpazamo.
18. Ungayila njani ukuze i-IC carrier ihlale ikwimeko entle?

Lungisa izinto ukuze kube lula ukuzitshintsha, ubeke izinto ezibuthathaka kwiindawo ezifikelelekayo.
19. Ungayila njani indlela yokwenza ngcono iindleko zenkampani ye-IC?

Lungisa iindleko ngokulawula inani leeleya, ubungakanani, nokukhetha izixhobo kunye neenkqubo ezifanelekileyo phantsi kweemfuno zokusebenza.
20. Ungayila njani ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo lwenkampani ethwala i-IC?

Sebenzisa i-solder engenalo ilothe kunye nezixhobo ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo ukuze uhambisane nemigangatho yeRoHS.
21. Ithini indlela esisiseko yokusebenza kwemveliso ye-PCB yomphathi we-IC?

Iinkqubo ziquka ukusika izinto, ukubhola, ukubekwa kwekopolo, ukufakelwa kwe-electroplating, ukwenziwa kweesekethe, ukufihla i-solder, ukuvavanya isilika, kunye nonyango lomphezulu.
22. Zeziphi izinto eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswa ekuvelisweni kwezinto?

Izinto ezisetyenziswayo ziquka ii-laminates ezigqunywe ngekopolo (FR-4, izinto ezisetyenziswa rhoqo), i-copper foil, ii-inki zesikrini se-solder/silk, kunye nezixhobo zonyango lomphezulu (i-gold/tin plating, i-OSP).
23. Ukuqinisekisa njani ukuchaneka kokugrumba?

Sebenzisa izixhobo ezichanekileyo kakhulu, gcina iidrill rhoqo, lawula isantya/isantya sokutya, kwaye sebenzisa izikhonkwane zokubeka ukuze ugcine ukuphambuka ≤±0.05mm.
24. Uyenza njani i-copper deposition?

Sebenzisa iplati engenambane ukufaka ubhedu olubhityileyo oluyi-0.2-0.5μm eludongeni lomngxuma, okwenza iindonga ezingahambisi mbane zikwazi ukuqhuba umbane xa ziplatiwe.
25. Ungalawula njani ubukhulu be-electroplating?

Lawula ngokuchanekileyo uxinano lwangoku, ixesha, ukwakheka kwesisombululo seplating/ubushushu. Umzekelo, iplating yobhedu eyi-18-35μm ifezekiswa ngokulungisa iiparameter.
26. Ungazenza njani ii-traces zesekethe?

Sebenzisa i-photolithography ukuhambisa iipateni, kulandele uphuhliso kunye nokukrola. Ububanzi bomgca obuncinci bungafikelela kwi-0.075mm.
27. Uqinisekisa njani umgangatho wemaski yesolder?

Sebenzisa i-inki ekumgangatho ophezulu, lawula ubukhulu/ukufana kwengubo, phucula iiparameter zokuchacha/zokulungisa. Ubukhulu befilimu yi-25-40μm, ayinamaqamza/imingxuma.
28. Ungenza njani uhlolo lwesilika?

Sebenzisa ukuprinta kwesikrini ukulawula ubukhulu be-inki (10-20μm) kunye nokuchaneka, ukuqinisekisa oonobumba abacacileyo kunye nendawo echanekileyo.
29. Ungazikhetha njani iindlela zonyango lomphezulu?

Khetha i-HASL yokukwazi ukunyibilikisa kunye ne-ENIG yokuthamba, ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno zesicelo.
30. Ziziphi iziphene eziqhelekileyo kwimveliso?

Iisekethe ezimfutshane, iisekethe ezivulekileyo, ukuvulwa kwetrace, iziphene zemaski yesolder, isikrini sesilika esifipheleyo, iindonga zemingxuma erhabaxa, ukususwa kwemigca, njl.
31. Ungawuhlola njani umgangatho?

Sebenzisa i-AOI, i-X-ray, uvavanyo lwe-flying probe, kunye ne-ICT ukuhlola ukuthembeka kwesekethe, umgangatho wokutywina, kunye nokusebenza kombane.
32. Ungazilungisa njani iziphene?

Sebenzisa i-micro-etching ukususa ubhedu olugqithisileyo kwiibhulukhwe ezimfutshane, iingcingo ze-jumper xa zivuliwe, kunye nokulungiswa kwendawo apho kukho iziphene zemaski ye-solder. Hlola kwakhona emva kokulungiswa.
33. Ithini indlela eqhelekileyo yokuvelisa?

Iintsuku ezi-3-7 kwiinkampani eziqhelekileyo, iintsuku ezili-10-15 kwezintsonkothileyo, kunye neentsuku ezi-1-3 zeeodolo ezingxamisekileyo (ezineendleko eziphezulu).
34. Ungazinciphisa njani iindleko zokuvelisa?

Lungiselela uyilo ukuze unciphise inani/ubungakanani beeleyara, khetha izixhobo/iinkqubo ezingabizi kakhulu, kwaye uphucule isivuno.
35. Zeziphi iimpembelelo ezibangelwa kukwenziwa kwemveliso kwindalo esingqongileyo?

Ivelisa amanzi amdaka, igesi yokukhupha umoya, kunye nenkunkuma equlethe iintsimbi ezinzima, nto leyo efuna unyango ukuze ihlangabezane nemigangatho yokukhupha.
36. Ungawaphucula njani amanqanaba okusebenza ngokuzenzekelayo?

Sebenzisa izixhobo zokulayisha/zokukhulula izinto ngokuzenzekelayo, ukuvavanya isilika, kunye nokuhlola ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuhambelana komgangatho.
37. Zeziphi izixhobo ezisetyenziswa ekuvelisweni?

Oomatshini bokubhola, imigca yokufaka/yokufaka i-electroplating yekopolo, oomatshini bokutyhila, oomatshini bokukrola, iiprinta zemaski/zesilikhi, unyango lomphezulu, kunye nezixhobo zokuhlola.
38. Ungazigcina njani izixhobo zokwenza izinto zisemgangathweni?

Coca rhoqo, gcina, tshintsha iindawo ezigugileyo, kwaye ulinganise iiparameter ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kwezixhobo.
39. Ungayilungisa njani iparameters yenkqubo?

Lungiselela iiparameter zokubhola, ukufakelwa nge-electroplating, ukukrola, njl.njl., ngohlalutyo lovavanyo—umz., ukuphucula ukufana kweplating ukuphucula umgangatho kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.
40. Uqinisekisa njani ukuba imveliso ihambelana?

Sebenzisa iinkqubo ezisemgangathweni, lawula umgangatho wezinto eziluhlaza, ulinganise izixhobo, kwaye uqeqeshe abasebenzi ukuqinisekisa ukuhambelana kweqela ngalinye.
41. Uvavanya njani ukusebenza kombane?

Sebenzisa ii-multimeter, ii-oscilloscopes, kunye nee-network analyzers ukuvavanya ukuqhubeka, i-impedance, kunye neempawu zokudluliselwa kwesignali.
42. Ungayivavanya njani ingqibelelo yesiginali?

Sebenzisa umzobo wamehlo, ukucamngca, kunye novavanyo lwe-crosstalk ukuhlalutya ukugqwetheka. Ukuvulwa komzobo wamehlo kufuneka kuhambelane nemigangatho.
43. Ungayiphucula njani indlela yokusebenzisa amandla ngendlela efanelekileyo?

Lungiselela iinethiwekhi zokusasazwa kwamandla, yongeza ii-capacitor ezidibanisa amandla, yehlisa ukumelana/ukungena kwamandla ngaphakathi, kwaye wehlise ingxolo—umz., beka ii-capacitor ezinexabiso elininzi kufutshane nee-chip pin.
44. Uvavanya njani ukusebenza kweRF?

Sebenzisa ii-vector network analyzers ukuvavanya ilahleko yokufaka, ilahleko yokubuyisa, ukwahlulwa, njl.njl., ukuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa kwesignali yeRF eqhelekileyo.
45. Ungayivavanya njani indlela esebenza ngayo i-thermal?

Sebenzisa imifanekiso yobushushu ukulinganisa ukusasazwa kobushushu nokubala ukumelana nobushushu. Ubushushu bomphezulu wetship kufuneka bube ngaphakathi kwemida elinganisiweyo.
46. Ungawuphucula njani amandla okulwa nokuphazamiseka?

Sebenzisa ukhuselo, ukucoca, kunye nokuhambisa ngendlela efanelekileyo—umz., yahlula imida yedijithali/ye-analog kwaye wongeze ukhuselo kwimiqondiso ebuthathaka.
47. Ungavavanya njani ukuthembeka?

Yenza uvavanyo lokwaluphala kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu (umz., 85℃), ukujikeleza kobushushu, ukufuma, kunye nokungcangcazela ukuze kuvavanywe ukulungelelana nokusingqongileyo.
48. Ungayivavanya njani ubomi benkonzo?

Ukuqikelela ubomi benkonzo ngovavanyo lobomi olukhawulezileyo kunye nomzekelo we-Arrhenius equation.
49. Ungayiphucula njani i-electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)?

Lungiselela ukumisa umhlaba, ukuthintela, kunye nokucoca ukuze kulawulwe imitha yesignali kunye nokuphazamiseka—umz., yongeza iifreyimu zokumisa umhlaba kwimiphetho yePCB.
50. Ungavavanya njani ukusebenza koomatshini?

Yenza uvavanyo lokugoba, ukuxinana, kunye nokucheba ukuze kuvavanywe amandla ebhodi, ekufuneka ahlangabezane nemigangatho efanelekileyo.
51. Ungaluvavanya njani uzinzo lweekhemikhali?

Vavanya ngokusebenzisa iimvavanyo zokuxhathisa iikhemikhali (ukuntywila kwizisombululo ze-asidi/ze-alkali) ukuze ubone utshintsho kwimbonakalo kunye nokusebenza.
52. Ungayiphucula njani indlela yokumelana nemozulu ye-IC carrier PCB?

Khetha izinto ezikwaziyo ukumelana nemozulu kwaye usebenzise unyango lokukhusela umphezulu (njengokugquma ipeyinti engenazithintelo ezintathu) ukuze wandise ubomi benkonzo yangaphandle.
53. Ungavavanya njani ukusebenza kwe-insulation ye-IC carrier PCB?

Sebenzisa isixhobo sokuvavanya ukumelana nobushushu ukuze ulinganise ukumelana nobushushu phakathi kweesekethe naphakathi kweesekethe nomhlaba (kufuneka kube ngaphezulu kwenqanaba le-megohm).
54. Ungawuvavanya njani umsebenzi we-dielectric we-IC carrier PCB?

Vavanya ngokuvavanya iiparameter ezifana ne-dielectric constant kunye ne-dielectric loss factor. Kwizicelo ze-high-frequency, i-dielectric constant kufuneka ihlale izinzile kwaye iphantsi.
55. Ungawuphucula njani isantya sokudluliselwa kwesignali ye-IC carrier PCB?

Lungiselela iingcingo, sebenzisa izinto ezinciphisa ilahleko, kwaye usebenzise izakhiwo ze-microstrip okanye ze-stripline ukuze ufumane imiqondiso yesantya esiphezulu ukuze unciphise ukulibaziseka.
56. Ungavavanya njani amandla okuphatha amandla e-IC carrier PCB?

Sebenzisa imithwalo yamandla eyahlukeneyo, jonga ukufudumeza kwesekethe kunye notshintsho ekusebenzeni kombane, kwaye uvavanye amandla okuthwala umbane kwiisekethe zezixhobo zamandla.
57. Ungawuvavanya njani umsebenzi wengxolo we-IC carrier PCB?

Linganisa ingxolo yamandla, ingxolo yesignali, njl.njl., ukuqinisekisa ukuba ixabiso lengxolo yamandla ukusuka kwincopho ukuya kwincopho lingaphakathi koluhlu oluvumelekileyo.
58. Ungayiphucula njani indlela yokunyamezela iimpazamo ze-IC carrier PCB?

Sebenzisa uyilo olungafunekiyo (njengokongeza iisekethe zogcino okanye izinto), kwaye usebenzise uthumelo lwemigca emibini kwiimpawu ezibalulekileyo ukuphucula ukuthembeka.
59. Ungavavanya njani ukusebenza okuguquguqukayo kwe-IC carrier PCB?

Vavanya isantya sempendulo yesiginali kunye nozinzo phantsi kweemeko zokusebenza eziguquguqukayo (ezifana novavanyo oluguquguqukayo lweendawo zokudlulisa idatha ezikhawulezayo).
60. Ungaluvavanya njani ukuhambelana kwe-PCB yomphathi we-IC?

Yenza uvavanyo lokuhambelana ngeetships kunye neemodyuli ezahlukeneyo (ezifana nokuvavanya ngeebhetshi ezahlukeneyo zeetships) ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwesiqhelo kwenkqubo.
61. Ungazilungisa njani iimpazamo ze-short-circuit kwi-IC carrier PCB?

Okokuqala sebenzisa i-AOI ukujonga iindawo ezimfutshane zesekethe, uze usebenzise i-multimeter ukulinganisa ukumelana nendawo, uze ujonge ii-short circuits kwiisekethe okanye kwii-component pin.
62. Ungazilungisa njani iingxaki ze-open-circuit kwi-IC carrier PCB?

Sebenzisa uvavanyo lwe-flying probe okanye i-multimeter ukulinganisa ukuqhubeka kwesekethe kwaye ujonge ukuba akukho circuits zivulekileyo okanye ii-vias ezivaliweyo (ezinokuba zibangelwa ziingxaki zokugrumba okanye zokubhola kakhulu).
63. Ungalungisa njani ingxaki yokudluliselwa kwesignali engaqhelekanga kwi-PCB yomphathi we-IC?

Sebenzisa i-oscilloscope ukujonga ii-signal waveforms, ukujonga iingxaki zokubonakalisa kunye nokuthetha nge-crosstalk, kunye nokuphanda ukungalingani kwentambo okanye i-impedance.
64. Ungazilungisa njani iingxaki zombane kwi-PCB yomphathi we-IC?

Linganisa i-voltage yombane, jonga ii-short circuits/open circuits kwimigca yombane kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-capacitor, kwaye uphande ngeempazamo ze-power chip okanye ukulahleka okukhulu kwemigca.
65. Ungakulungisa njani ubushushu obungaqhelekanga kwi-PCB yomphathi we-IC?

Sebenzisa umfanekiso we-thermal ukuze ubone imithombo yobushushu kwaye ujonge ukuba izixhobo zamandla azinawo umbane omninzi okanye ubushushu obungasebenzi kakuhle (njengokufakelwa kwesinki yobushushu ngendlela engafanelekanga okanye ii-vias zobushushu ezinganeleyo).
66. Ungayisombulula njani imiba yokuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic (EMI) kwi-IC carrier PCB?

Sebenzisa i-spectrum analyzer ukuze ufumane imithombo yokuphazamiseka kwaye ujonge amanyathelo okukhusela (njengokuqhagamshelwa komhlaba kwezigqubuthelo zokukhusela kunye nokusebenza okuqhelekileyo kweesekethe zokucoca).
67. Ungazilungisa njani iingxaki zokuwelda kwi-PCB yomphathi we-IC?

Sebenzisa i-AOI ukujonga iindawo ezibandayo zokudibanisa i-solder, iindawo ezilahlekileyo zokudibanisa i-solder, kunye nokudibanisa i-bridging, kwaye uphande iingxaki zobushushu/ixesha okanye umgangatho wokuwelda ongafanelekanga.
68. Ungawusombulula njani umonakalo wecandelo kwi-PCB yomphathi we-IC?

Sebenzisa ii-multimeters kunye nee-oscilloscopes ukuvavanya ukusebenza kwecandelo (ezifana nokuxhathisa, amandla ombane, kunye nokuqhuba kwe-diode), kwaye uphande izizathu ze-overvoltage/overcurrent.
69. Ungazilungisa njani iingxaki zoyilo kwi-PCB yomphathi we-IC?

Phinda uhlolisise amaxwebhu oyilo, thelekisa ukusebenza okwenyani kunye neenkcukacha, kwaye uphande iimpazamo ezingafanelekanga zokuseta iingcingo okanye iiparameter (ezifana nobubanzi bomgca obungonelanga ekuthwaleni kwangoku).
70. Ungalungisa njani ingxaki yokudibana okungekuhle kwiindawo zokuvavanya i-IC carrier PCB?

Jonga ukuba akukho ngcoliseko/ukungcola kwiindawo zovavanyo, ukuguguleka kweeprobe zovavanyo, okanye iingxaki zoqhagamshelo lwezixhobo. Coca iindawo zovavanyo okanye utshintshe iiprobe.
71. Ungazilungisa njani iingxaki zesikrini sesilika kwi-PCB yokuthwala i-IC?

Jonga ukucaca kwesikrini sesilika, ukuchaneka, kunye nendawo, kwaye uphande ngenkqubo yesikrini sesilika okanye imiba yomgangatho we-inki (njengokulungisa iiparameter zesikrini sesilika).
72. Ungazilungisa njani iingxaki zemaski yesolder kwi-IC carrier PCB?

Jonga umaleko wemaski yesolder ukuze ubone amaqamza, imingxunya yepin, kunye nokuxobuka, kwaye uphande ngemiba yenkqubo yokugquma/yokunyanga (njengokulungisa ubukhulu bengubo kunye nobushushu bokugquma).
73. Ungayisombulula njani ingxaki yokwahlulwa kwe-interlayer kwi-IC carrier PCB?

Sebenzisa i-X-reyi ukuze ubone ukubopha phakathi kweeleya kunye nokuphanda iingxaki zoxinzelelo olugqithisileyo lobushushu okanye ukuhambelana kwezinto (ezifana nokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza kobushushu ngexesha lokuveliswa).
74. Ungazilungisa njani iingxaki zodonga olunemingxuma erhabaxa kwi-PCB yokuthwala i-IC?

Jonga iindonga zemingxuma phantsi kwe-microscope kwaye ujonge iiparameter zokubhola kunye nokuguguleka kweebhithi zokubhola (ezifana nokulungisa isantya sokubhola kunye nesantya sokutya).
75. Ungalungisa njani ingxaki yonyango olubi lomphezulu kwi-IC carrier PCB?

Jonga ukufana komaleko wonyango lomphezulu, ukuqina, kunye ne-oxidation/corrosion, kwaye uphande iiparameter zenkqubo ezingafanelekanga (ezifana nokulungisa ixesha le-electroplating kunye noxinano lwangoku).
76. Ungayisombulula njani imiba yokuphambuka kobukhulu kwi-PCB yomphathi we-IC?

Sebenzisa izixhobo zokulinganisa ezifana nee-calipers ukuze uthelekise nobukhulu boyilo kwaye uphande ngemiba yokuma kwemveliso okanye yokuchaneka kokucubungula (njengokujonga indawo yokubhola).
77. Ungazisombulula njani iingxaki zokuguqulwa kwe-IC kwi-PCB yomphathi we-IC?

Sebenzisa isixhobo sokulinganisa ubucaba ukuze ubone kwaye uphande uxinzelelo lobushushu okanye imiba yezinto eziphathekayo (njengomlinganiselo wokwanda kobushushu ogqithisileyo kwibhodi, ukuphucula uyilo lobushushu).
78. Ungayisombulula njani ingxaki yokungathobeli imigangatho yokusingqongileyo kwi-PCB yomphathi we-IC?

Vavanya ukwakheka kwezinto kwaye ujonge inkqubo yokuvelisa (njengokuba kusetyenziswa izinto eziqulethe ilothe na kunye nokuba amanzi amdaka/ukukhutshwa komoya kuyahlangabezana na nemigangatho).
79. Ungazilungisa njani iingxaki zokwenziwa kwe-IC carrier PCB?

Nxibelelana nabavelisi kwaye ujonge ukuba uyilo luyahlangabezana na neemfuno zenkqubo (ezifana nobubanzi bomgca/isithuba sokufikelela kwizixhobo zokudibana, ukuphucula uyilo).
80. Ungazilungisa njani iingxaki zovavanyo lwe-IC carrier PCB?

Jonga ukuba kusengqiqweni na useto lweendawo zovavanyo kunye nokuqheleka kojongano, kwaye uphande iindawo zovavanyo ezinganelanga okanye iindawo ezingafanelekanga (cwangcisa kwakhona iindawo zovavanyo).
81. Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-PCB yokuthwala i-IC kunye ne-PCB eqhelekileyo?

Ii-PCB ze-IC carrier zigxila kakhulu kuqhagamshelo lweetshiphusi, ezinobukhulu obuncinci, ukuchaneka okuphezulu, iingcingo ezixineneyo, kunye neemfuno eziphezulu zokuthembeka kwesignali kunye nokusasazwa kobushushu.
82. Ungayikhetha njani umthengisi we-IC carrier PCB?

Vavanya amandla okuvelisa ababoneleli, ulawulo lomgangatho, inqanaba lobugcisa, ixabiso, kunye nexesha lokuhambisa (njengokujonga iziqinisekiso ezifanelekileyo kunye nokuqhubela phambili kwezixhobo).
83. Ungayilawula njani impahla ye-IC carrier PCB?

Lawula ngokufanelekileyo ubungakanani bempahla esetyenzisiweyo ngokusekelwe kwizicwangciso zemveliso kunye noqikelelo lwemfuno, yenza uhlolo rhoqo lwempahla esetyenzisiweyo, kwaye usebenzise indlela yokwahlulahlula i-ABC ukuthintela ukugcwala/ukunqongophala.
84. Zeziphi iindlela zokusebenzisa kwakhona i-IC carrier PCB?

Ukuqhaqha ngokwasemzimbeni kunye nonyango lweekhemikhali kungasetyenziselwa ukubuyisa ubhedu kunye neentsimbi ezixabisekileyo (ezifana nokukhuhla i-asidi ukuze kubuyiselwe ubhedu, ngokuhambelana neemfuno zokusingqongileyo).

Ibhodi yomthwali we-IC PCB

1. Ungawubona njani umba womaleko we-IC carrier PCB?

2. Ungayila njani ubungakanani bomthwali we-IC?

3. Ungazikhetha njani izinto ze-IC carrier PCB?

4. Ungayila njani indlela yokuhambisa umzila wesithuthi se-IC?

5. Ungayila njani umaleko wamandla wenkampani ethwala i-IC?

6. Ungayila njani isiseko se-IC carrier?

7. Ungayila njani i-vias yenkampani ye-IC?

8. Ungayila njani iphakheji ye-BGA yenkampani ethwala i-IC?

9. Ungayila njani amanqaku ovavanyo lwenkampani ethwala i-IC?

10. Ungayila njani isikrini sesilika senqwelo ye-IC?

11. Ungayila njani isicwangciso somthwali we-IC?

12. Ungayila njani imiqobo yokuthwala i-IC?

13. Ungayila njani isakhiwo sobushushu se-IC carrier?

14. Ungayila njani i-electromagnetic shield ye-IC carrier?

15. Ungayila njani ukuthembeka kwenkampani ethwala i-IC?

16. Ungayila njani indlela yokwenziwa kwe-IC carrier?

17. Ungayila njani indlela yokuvavanya isithuthi se-IC?

18. Ungayila njani ukuze i-IC carrier ihlale ikwimeko entle?

19. Ungayila njani indlela yokwenza ngcono iindleko zenkampani ye-IC?

20. Ungayila njani ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo lwenkampani ethwala i-IC?

21. Ithini indlela esisiseko yokusebenza kwemveliso ye-PCB yomphathi we-IC?

22. Zeziphi izinto eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswa ekuvelisweni kwezinto?

23. Ukuqinisekisa njani ukuchaneka kokugrumba?

24. Uyenza njani i-copper deposition?

25. Ungalawula njani ubukhulu be-electroplating?

26. Ungazenza njani ii-traces zesekethe?

27. Uqinisekisa njani umgangatho wemaski yesolder?

28. Ungenza njani uhlolo lwesilika?

29. Ungazikhetha njani iindlela zonyango lomphezulu?

30. Ziziphi iziphene eziqhelekileyo kwimveliso?

31. Ungawuhlola njani umgangatho?

32. Ungazilungisa njani iziphene?

33. Ithini indlela eqhelekileyo yokuvelisa?

34. Ungazinciphisa njani iindleko zokuvelisa?

35. Zeziphi iimpembelelo ezibangelwa kukwenziwa kwemveliso kwindalo esingqongileyo?

36. Ungawaphucula njani amanqanaba okusebenza ngokuzenzekelayo?

37. Zeziphi izixhobo ezisetyenziswa ekuvelisweni?

38. Ungazigcina njani izixhobo zokwenza izinto zisemgangathweni?

39. Ungayilungisa njani iparameters yenkqubo?

40. Uqinisekisa njani ukuba imveliso ihambelana?

41. Uvavanya njani ukusebenza kombane?

42. Ungayivavanya njani ingqibelelo yesiginali?

43. Ungayiphucula njani indlela yokusebenzisa amandla ngendlela efanelekileyo?

44. Uvavanya njani ukusebenza kweRF?

45. Ungayivavanya njani indlela esebenza ngayo i-thermal?

46. ​​Ungawuphucula njani amandla okulwa nokuphazamiseka?

47. Ungavavanya njani ukuthembeka?

48. Ungayivavanya njani ubomi benkonzo?

49. Ungayiphucula njani i-electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)?

50. Ungavavanya njani ukusebenza koomatshini?

51. Ungaluvavanya njani uzinzo lweekhemikhali?

52. Ungayiphucula njani indlela yokumelana nemozulu ye-IC carrier PCB?

53. Ungavavanya njani ukusebenza kwe-insulation ye-IC carrier PCB?

54. Ungawuvavanya njani umsebenzi we-dielectric we-IC carrier PCB?

55. Ungawuphucula njani isantya sokudluliselwa kwesignali ye-IC carrier PCB?

56. Ungavavanya njani amandla okuphatha amandla e-IC carrier PCB?

57. Ungawuvavanya njani umsebenzi wengxolo we-IC carrier PCB?

58. Ungayiphucula njani indlela yokunyamezela iimpazamo ze-IC carrier PCB?

59. Ungavavanya njani ukusebenza okuguquguqukayo kwe-IC carrier PCB?

60. Ungaluvavanya njani ukuhambelana kwe-PCB yomphathi we-IC?

61. Ungazilungisa njani iimpazamo ze-short-circuit kwi-IC carrier PCB?

62. Ungazilungisa njani iingxaki ze-open-circuit kwi-IC carrier PCB?

63. Ungalungisa njani ingxaki yokudluliselwa kwesignali engaqhelekanga kwi-PCB yomphathi we-IC?

64. Ungazilungisa njani iingxaki zombane kwi-PCB yomphathi we-IC?

65. Ungakulungisa njani ubushushu obungaqhelekanga kwi-PCB yomphathi we-IC?

66. Ungayisombulula njani imiba yokuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic (EMI) kwi-IC carrier PCB?

67. Ungazilungisa njani iingxaki zokuwelda kwi-PCB yomphathi we-IC?

68. Ungawusombulula njani umonakalo wecandelo kwi-PCB yomphathi we-IC?

69. Ungazilungisa njani iingxaki zoyilo kwi-PCB yomphathi we-IC?

70. Ungalungisa njani ingxaki yokudibana okungekuhle kwiindawo zokuvavanya i-IC carrier PCB?

71. Ungazilungisa njani iingxaki zesikrini sesilika kwi-PCB yokuthwala i-IC?

72. Ungazilungisa njani iingxaki zemaski yesolder kwi-IC carrier PCB?

73. Ungayisombulula njani ingxaki yokwahlulwa kwe-interlayer kwi-IC carrier PCB?

74. Ungazilungisa njani iingxaki zodonga olunemingxuma erhabaxa kwi-PCB yokuthwala i-IC?

75. Ungalungisa njani ingxaki yonyango olubi lomphezulu kwi-IC carrier PCB?

76. Ungayisombulula njani imiba yokuphambuka kobukhulu kwi-PCB yomphathi we-IC?

77. Ungazisombulula njani iingxaki zokuguqulwa kwe-IC kwi-PCB yomphathi we-IC?

78. Ungayisombulula njani ingxaki yokungathobeli imigangatho yokusingqongileyo kwi-PCB yomphathi we-IC?

79. Ungazilungisa njani iingxaki zokwenziwa kwe-IC carrier PCB?

46. Ungawuphucula njani amandla okulwa nokuphazamiseka?