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Ukuqonda Izinhlobo Zebhodi Yesekethe Ejwayelekile ye-HDI kanye Nezicelo Zazo | Rich Full Joy-1
2025-03-25
Ukuqonda Izinhlobo Zebhodi Lesekethe Le-HDI Elivamile kanye Nezicelo Zalo —— Ukuhumusha Kobungcweti nguRich Full Joy
Esikhathini samanje sokuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kwemikhiqizo kagesi ekufinyeleleni ekusetshenzisweni okuncane kanye nokusebenza okuphezulu, amabhodi wesekethe e-HDI (High Density Interconnect), anezintambo zawo ezinhle kakhulu zokuxhuma kanye nezakhiwo zokuxhuma eziyinkimbinkimbi, abe yiwona mandla ayinhloko aqhuba ukusungulwa kobuchwepheshe kwamadivayisi kagesi.
I-Shenzhen Rich Full Joy Electronics Co., Ltd, njengebhizinisi elihamba phambili emkhakheni wesekethe kagesi elineminyaka eminingi yesipiliyoni esijulile, ibilokhu ihamba phambili ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe bebhodi yesekethe ye-HDI, ekukhiqizeni, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezintsha.
Okulandelayo, ngolwazi lwethu olujulile lobuchwepheshe, sizokuhambisa ekuhloleni okujulile izinhlobo zebhodi lesifunda le-HDI ezivamile, izimfihlakalo zobuchwepheshe ezingemuva kwazo, amanani azo okusetshenziswa embonini, kanye nokugeleza kwenqubo yokukhiqiza okubalulekile kanye namaphuzu okulawula ikhwalithi.
Uhlobo Oluyisisekelo Olusekelwe Ekuhlanganisweni Kokuqina Nokuguquguquka: Izendlalelo ezingu-1+N+1
Lolu hlobo lwebhodi lesekhethi le-HDI lunesakhiwo esifana nesangweji esakhiwe kahle ekwakhiweni kwalo kwesakhiwo. Izendlalelo ezingaphezulu nezingezansi ziqinile. Ama-PCB aqinile (Amabhodi Esifunda Aqinisiwe Aprintiwe), ezisebenza njengohlaka olusekelayo lwebhodi lesifunda lonke. Zihlinzeka ngesisekelo esiqinile sokufakwa kwezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi, ziqinisekisa ukuthi ibhodi lesifunda lingagcina ubuqotho besakhiwo salo ezindaweni eziyinkimbinkimbi zokusetshenziswa nokuthi ukuxhumana kukagesi phakathi kwezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi akuthinteki.
Izendlalelo "N" eziphakathi nendawo yi-Flex PCBs (Flexible Printed Circuit Boards), lapho inani "N" lingalungiswa khona ngokuvumelana nezidingo zezimo zangempela zokusetshenziswa. Izendlalelo ze-Flex PCB zinikeza ibhodi lesifunda ukuguquguquka okuhle kakhulu, okuvumela imisebenzi ekhethekile njengokugoba nokugoqa.
Emkhakheni wamadivayisi agqokwayo, izinzuzo zalesi sakhiwo zibonakala ngokugcwele. Isibonelo, ebhodini lesekhethi lesongo elihlakaniphile, ingxenye eqinile ingathwala kahle izingxenye ezibalulekile njenge-core chips kanye nezinzwa, iqinisekisa ukuzinza kokucubungula idatha kanye nokuqoqwa kwesignali. Ingxenye eguquguqukayo ingalingana ngobuchule nejika lesihlakala somuntu, inikeze isipiliyoni sokugqoka esincane nesikhululekile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, iqinisekisa ukuthi phakathi nemisebenzi yansuku zonke, ukuxhumana kwesekhethi akuthintwa ukunyakaza kwamalunga, okugcina ukusebenza okuvamile kwedivayisi.
Ngokombono wokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe, enkambisweni yokukhiqiza yesakhiwo sesendlalelo esingu-1+N+1, inqubo yokuxhumanisa phakathi kwesendlalelo esiqinile kanye nesendlalelo esiguquguqukayo ibaluleke kakhulu. I-Shenzhen Rich Full Joy Electronics Co., Ltd. isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe be-lamination futhi ilawula ngokunembile amapharamitha afana nokushisa, ingcindezi, nesikhathi ukuqinisekisa ukuxhumana okungenamthungo phakathi kwesendlalelo esiqinile kanye nesendlalelo esiguquguqukayo, ngokusebenza kukagesi okuzinzile nokuthembekile.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ekwakhiweni kwesekethe yesendlalelo esiguquguqukayo, sisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokubhoboza nge-laser obunembile kakhulu ukudala imigodi emincane nokufeza izintambo ezixineneyo, ukuhlangabezana nezidingo eziqinile zamadivayisi agqokwayo ukuze kube lula ukusebenza kahle kanye nokusebenza kahle.
Lapho kukhiqizwa amabhodi wesekethe we-HDI ongu-1+N+1, enkambisweni yokukhiqiza wesekethe yangaphakathi enongqimba, ungqimba oluqinile kanye nongqimba oluguquguqukayo kufakwa i-lithograph futhi kuqoshwe ngokulandelana ngokwemiklamo yesekethe yabo ukuqinisekisa ukunemba kwesekethe.
Ngesikhathi sesigaba sokulamina, kugxilwa kakhulu ekukhetheni izinto ezilungisiwe phakathi kwesendlalelo esiqinile kanye nesendlalelo esiguquguqukayo kanye nokulungiswa kahle kwamapharamitha okulamina ukuqinisekisa ukubopha okuhle phakathi kwezendlalelo zezinto ezahlukene.
Lapho kubholwa kanye ne-copper-plating, uma kubhekwa izici zesendlalelo esiguquguqukayo, amapharamitha okubholwa nge-laser alungiswa ukuze kugwenywe umonakalo omkhulu ezintweni eziguquguqukayo, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukufana kanye nokunamathela kwesendlalelo se-copper-plating odongeni lwembobo oluguquguqukayo kuyaqinisekiswa.
Ikhwalithi eyinhloko - amaphuzu okulawula (ngokuqondile kwesakhiwo sesendlalelo esingu-1+N+1): Ngaphambi kokufaka i-laminate ku-laminate ungqimba oluqinile kanye nesendlalelo esiguquguqukayo, imiphetho yesendlalelo esiqinile kanye nesendlalelo esiguquguqukayo kuhlolwa ngokuqinile ukuthi siyisicaba yini ukuvimbela i-laminate embi ebangelwa imiphetho engalingani.
Ngemva kokubhoboza ungqimba oluguquguqukayo nge-laser, ikhwalithi yodonga lwembobo ihlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho ukudabuka, ukwenziwa kwe-carbonization, nezinye izinto. Ngemva kokuqedwa kwe-copper-plating, kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kokugoba endaweni eboshwe ngethusi yongqimba oluguquguqukayo ukuqinisekisa ukunamathela kanye nokuqina kokusebenza kukagesi kongqimba lwe-copper-plating ngaphansi kwezimo zokugoba.
Isakhiwo seBhodi Yesekethe ye-HDI engu-3+N+3 - ungqimba
Esakhiweni sebhodi lesifunda le-HDI elingu-3+N+3, kunezingqimba ezintathu zebhodi lesifunda eliqinile ohlangothini ngalunye.
Lezi zingqimba ezintathu zesekethe eqinile namabhodi ziyasebenzisana ukuze zinikeze ukwesekwa okuqinile ngokomzimba kanye nesisekelo esiqinile sokuxhumeka kukagesi.
Ingqimba eqinile engaphandle ingasetshenziswa ukufaka izingxenye ezahlukene ze-elekthronikhi. Ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezinhle zemishini, ingavikela ngempumelelo amasekethe angaphakathi ekulimaleni kwangaphandle okubonakalayo.
Ingqimba ephakathi eqinile idlala indima ebalulekile ekudlulisweni kwesignali kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwamandla, ihlinzeka ngezindlela zokuxhuma ezidingekayo zamasekethe ezindaweni ezahlukene zokusebenza.
Izendlalelo "N" eziphakathi ziyizendlalelo zebhodi eziguquguqukayo zesekethe, futhi inani "N" linganqunywa ngokuguquguqukayo ngokuya ngomklamo wesekethe wangempela kanye nezidingo zokusebenza.
Lezi zendlalelo eziguquguqukayo zinika ibhodi lesifunda ukugoba okuhle kakhulu kanye nokuguquguquka, okungahlangabezana nezidingo zezinye izakhiwo zesikhala ezikhethekile.
Isibonelo, kwezinye izimo lapho ibhodi lesifunda lidinga ukugotshwa libe yisimo esithile ukuze livumelane nesikhala esiyinkimbinkimbi ngaphakathi kwedivayisi, ungqimba oluguquguqukayo ludlala indima enkulu.
Ingakwazi ukufeza ngobuchule ukuguqulwa kwebhodi lesifunda ngaphandle kokuthinta ukusebenza okuvamile kwesekethe.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ungqimba oluguquguqukayo luphinde lusize ekunciphiseni isisindo sebhodi lesifunda lonke, okuyinzuzo ebalulekile yamadivayisi kagesi azwela isisindo.
Sekukonke, isakhiwo sebhodi lesekethe le-HDI elingu-3+N+3 sihlanganisa ukuzinza kwamabhodi esekethe aqinile kanye nokuguquguquka kwamabhodi esekethe aguquguqukayo. Ngokuklama ngokufanele inani lezendlalelo eziqinile neziguquguqukayo kanye nemisebenzi yazo, ingahlangabezana nezidingo zesekethe ye-elekthronikhi ezahlukahlukene nezisebenza kahle futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni efana nama-smartphones aphezulu, amaphilisi, kanye namanye amadivayisi okulawula ezimboni anezidingo eziphezulu kakhulu zokusetshenziswa kwesikhala kanye nokusebenza kwesekethe.
Isibonelo, emkhakheni wokulawula wezimboni, ibhodi yesekethe iyadingeka ukuthi ibe nekhono eliqinile lokulwa nokuphazamiseka. I-Shenzhen Rich Full Joy Electronics Co., Ltd. inciphisa ngempumelelo umthelela wokuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic ekusebenzeni kwebhodi yesekethe ngokwenza ngcono ukwakheka kwesekethe nokusebenzisa izinto zokuvikela.
Emkhakheni wezindiza, izidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zibekwa phambili zokumelana okulula nokushisa okuphezulu kwebhodi lesifunda. Samukela izinto zokwakha ezithuthukisiwe kanye nezinqubo zokukhiqiza. Ngesisekelo sokuqinisekisa amandla esakhiwo sebhodi lesifunda, sinciphisa isisindo ngangokunokwenzeka futhi sithuthukise ukumelana kwalo nokushisa okuphezulu ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuvamile kwemishini ezindaweni ezibucayi.
Uma kukhiqizwa amabhodi wesekethe e-HDI angu-3+N+3, ukukhiqizwa kwesekethe yangaphakathiidinga ukucabangela izici zesekethe zezingqimba ezahlukene eziqinile neziguquguqukayo bese yenza ukucubungula okucwengekile.
Inqubo yokulamina iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi idinga amalamina amaningi okushisa okuphezulu kanye nokucindezela okuphezulu. Amapharamitha elamination ngayinye alawulwa ngokunembile ukuqinisekisa ukubopha okuqinile phakathi kwezingqimba kanye nokuqina kwesakhiwo sonke.
Enqubweni yokubhoboza kanye ne-copper-plating, ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zemigodi (njengemigodi ejulile engena ezingqimbeni eziningi eziqinile kanye nemigodi yokuguquka exhumanisa izingqimba eziqinile neziguquguqukayo), imishini ekhethekile yokubhoboza kanye nezinqubo zokubhoboza zethusi zisetshenziswa ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yemigodi kanye nokuthembeka kwengqimba yokubhoboza yethusi.
Esigabeni sokwelashwa kobuso, ngokwezidingo ezikhethekile zezimo ezahlukene zokusetshenziswa njengokulawulwa kwezimboni noma izindiza, kukhethwa izindlela ezifanele zokwelapha zokuvikela nokushintshwa. Isibonelo, ensimini yezindiza, izinqubo zokwelapha ubuso ezinokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu nokuphansi kanye nokumelana nemisebe zingase zikhethwe kakhulu.
Ikhwalithi eyinhloko - amaphuzu okulawula (ngokuqondile kwesakhiwo sezendlalelo esingu-3+N+3): Kumabhodi wesekethe asetshenziswa ensimini yokulawula yezimboni, kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kokuhambisana kwe-electromagnetic (EMC) ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ibhodi yesekethe lingasebenza ngokujwayelekile endaweni eyinkimbinkimbi ye-electromagnetic.
Kumabhodi wesekethe ensimini yezindiza, ngaphezu kokuhlolwa kokusebenza okuvamile, ukuhlolwa komjikelezo wokushisa okuphezulu, ukuhlolwa kwemisebe, njll. kwenziwa futhi ukuze kulingiswe indawo yokusebenza yangempela nokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwebhodi yesekethe ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi kakhulu.
Ngesikhathi senqubo yokubopha, ukusatshalaliswa kwengcindezi kanye nokushisa kulungiswa ngokuya ngezici zezingqimba eziningi eziqinile ukuvimbela ukwahlukana okubangelwa ukugcwala kokucindezeleka phakathi kwezingqimba.
Kufanele kugcizelelwe ukuthi ezinhlotsheni ezintathu ezingenhla, inani lezingqimba ze-Flex PCB ezimelelwa u-“N” alizinzile. Esikhundleni salokho, ngokwezidingo ezithile zokuklama, ithimba lonjiniyela abangochwepheshe be-Shenzhen Rich Full Joy Electronics Co., Ltd. lingasebenzisa isofthiwe yokuklama ethuthukisiwe kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho okucebile okusebenzayo ukwenza ukulungiswa okunembile kokuklama nokwenza ngcono ukuze kufezwe ibhalansi engcono kakhulu phakathi kokusebenza kanye nezindleko.
Isakhiwo seBhodi Yesekethe ye-HDI engu-10+N+10 - ungqimba
Lolu hlobo lwebhodi yesekethe ye-HDI lumelela isinyathelo esengeziwe maqondana nobunzima besakhiwo kanye nokuqina.
Yakhiwe ngezingqimba ezimbili zama-Rigid PCB njengezingqimba zangaphandle, ezinezingqimba eziningi zama-Flex PCB ezibekwe phakathi.
Lo mklamo wesakhiwo uthuthukisa kakhulu ukuqina kwebhodi lesifunda, okwenza likwazi ukumelana nemiphumela emikhulu yangaphandle kanye nokudlidliza ngenkathi kugcinwa izici ezigobekayo zebhodi lesifunda eliguquguqukayo.
Ekwakhiweni kwebhodi lomama lama-smartphone asezingeni eliphezulu, ibhodi lesifunda le-HDI elingu-10+N+10 lidlala indima ebalulekile.
Isikhala sangaphakathi se-smartphone sincane kakhulu, sidinga ibhodi lesekhethi ukuthi lifinyelele ukuhlanganiswa okuyinkimbinkimbi kokusebenza kanye nokuxhuma kwezintambo okuphezulu ngaphakathi kwesikhala esilinganiselwe.
Izendlalelo zangaphandle eziqinile zesakhiwo sezendlalelo ezingu-10+N+10 zingasekela ngokuqinile izingxenye ezahlukene ze-elekthronikhi ezifana nama-chips, ama-capacitor, nama-resistor, okuqinisekisa ukuthi phakathi nokusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke kwefoni ephathekayo, noma ngabe iqhume kancane noma idlidliza, ukuxhumana okuhle kukagesi kungagcinwa.
Izendlalelo eziguquguqukayo eziphakathi nendawo zingalungisa umzila wesekethe ngendlela eguquguqukayo ngokwesakhiwo sesikhala sangaphakathi sefoni ephathekayo, zifinyelele ukuxhumana okusebenzayo phakathi kwamamojula ahlukene asebenzayo, njengokuxhuma i-motherboard ezingxenyeni ezifana nesibonisi nekhamera, ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza nokuthembeka kokudluliselwa kwesignali nokuletha ulwazi lomsebenzisi olubushelelezi.
I-Shenzhen Rich Full Joy Electronics Co., Lt.
I-Shenzhen Rich Full Joy Electronics Co., Ltd. isebenzisa uhlelo lokubeka i-optical oluthuthukisiwe ukuze ivumelanise kahle ungqimba ngalunye ngaphambi kokubopha ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuxhumana okunembile kongqimba ngalunye lwezifunda.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, endaweni yokuguquka phakathi kwesendlalelo esiguquguqukayo kanye nesendlalelo esiqinile, sisebenzisa amasu akhethekile okucubungula ukucindezeleka - ukubopha kanye nezinto zokwakha ukuze sinciphise ngempumelelo inkinga yokuhlushwa kokucindezeleka okubangelwa umehluko wezakhiwo zezinto zokwakha futhi sithuthukise ukuthembeka kwesikhathi eside kwebhodi lesifunda.
Njengoba izidingo zesivinini sokudlulisa idatha zamadivayisi esimanje kagesi zikhula njalo, amabhodi wesekethe se-HDI sokudlulisa isignali yesivinini esikhulu abe ubuchwepheshe obubalulekile bokuhlangabezana nalesi sidingo. Enqubweni yokukhiqiza, ngemva kokwenziwa kwesekethe yangaphakathi, kwenziwa imisebenzi eminingi ye-lamination. Ukufana kwengcindezi kanye nokushisa kulawulwa ngokuqinile kwe-lamination ngayinye ukuqinisekisa inhlanganisela eqinile yesakhiwo se-lamination esinezingqimba eziningi.
Enqubweni yokubhoboza, amasu ahlukene okubhoboza kanye nemingcele yemishini iyasetshenziswa emigodini esezikhundleni ezahlukene (njengaphakathi kwezingqimba eziqinile, phakathi kwezingqimba eziqinile neziguquguqukayo, njll.) ukuqinisekisa ukunemba kwendawo kanye nekhwalithi yemigodi.
Ngesikhathi senqubo yokufaka ithusi, ukutholakala kwamandla okubopha kwesendlalelo sethusi phakathi kwezingqimba ezahlukene kuyaqiniswa ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kokuxhumeka kukagesi.
Ikhwalithi eyinhloko - amaphuzu okulawula (ngokuqondile kwisakhiwo sezingqimba ezingu-10+N+10): Ngesikhathi sezinqubo eziningi ze-lamination, ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray kwenziwa ngemva kwe-lamination ngayinye ukuhlola ukulungelelaniswa kwezingqimba phakathi nokulungisa amapharamitha e-lamination alandelayo ngesikhathi esifanele.
Ngemigodi yokuguquka exhumanisa izendlalelo eziqinile neziguquguqukayo, kusetshenziswa inqubo ekhethekile yokwelapha imbobo nodonga ngemva kokubhoboza ukuze kuthuthukiswe amandla okubopha phakathi kodonga lomgodi, ungqimba lwethusi nolwensimbi, kanye nezendlalelo ezahlukene zezinto.
Ibhodi lesekhethi eliqediwe lihlolwa ngokudlidliza ngokulingisa indawo yokudlidliza ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwefoni ephathekayo ukuhlola ukuthembeka kokuxhumana kwezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi phakathi kwezingqimba ezahlukene.
- Izakhiwo ze-HDI: Ukuxhumana okuhambisanayo, okungalingani kanye nokungalingani
- Izakhiwo ze-HDI ezilinganayo
- Ukumelwa Okujwayelekile Kwezinhlu Zokulandelana
Isakhiwo se-HDI yokuqala siyizendlalelo ezingu-1+N+1.
Isakhiwo se-HDI yohlelo lwesibili siyizendlalelo ezingu-2+N+2.
Isakhiwo se-HDI yohlelo lwesithathu siyizendlalelo ezingu-3+N+3.
Isakhiwo se-HDI ye-oda lesine siyizendlalelo ezingu-4+N+4.
Isakhiwo se-HDI ye-oda leshumi siyizingqimba ezingu-10+N+10
- Inzuzo Yobukhulu
Lezi yizakhiwo ezijwayelekile ezilinganayo ze-HDI. Ngokulandela leli phethini, singanquma kalula ukuhleleka kwesigaba. Isibonelo, isakhiwo esingu-4+N+4 siyindlela yesine. Kulolu hlobo lwesakhiwo, inani lika-N lingalungiswa ukuze lifane nobukhulu obuhlukahlukene. Ngenxa yalokho, ubukhulu bebhodi lesifunda abunqunyelwe, futhi noma yikuphi ukujiya okungaphakathi kwebanga elivumelekile lemishini yokukhiqiza kungafinyelelwa.
I-HDI - I-HDI Yokuxhumana Okungahleliwe
- Incazelo Yomqondo
Ukuxhumana okungahleliwe kusho ukuthi kudingeka ama-vias angaboni phakathi kwesendlalelo ngasinye. Kwibhodi yesekethe enezingqimba eziyi-10, isakhiwo sayo singamelwa njengo-1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1.
Ukulinganiselwa Kokujiya
Njengoba kudingeka ama-vias angaboni kuzo zonke izendlalelo, ukujiya kwesendlalelo ngasinye akukwazi ukudlula amamilimitha angu-0.1. Kunezidingo eziqinile zokujiya kwebhodi lesifunda. Uma ukujiya kwesendlalelo ngasinye kudlula amamilimitha angu-0.1, ngokombono kunzima ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zomklamo.
Izakhiwo ze-HDI ezingalingani futhi ezingajwayelekile
Ngaphezu kwezakhiwo ezijwayelekile ezilinganayo ezishiwo ngenhla, kunezakhiwo eziningi ze-HDI ezingalingani nezingavamile. Isibonelo, izakhiwo ezifana no-2+N+4, 4+6, 5+8. Njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni, sibonisa isakhiwo esingalingani esingu-14+2+7. Lezi zakhiwo ezingezona ezejwayelekile zenzelwe ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezithile ekusetshenzisweni okuhlukene. Nakuba ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ekuklanyweni nasekukhiqizweni uma kuqhathaniswa nezakhiwo ezijwayelekile ezilinganayo.
Ngokuphathelene nokuqanjwa kwe-HDI, kunezindlela eziningana ezivamile zokubiza amagama. Ifomu eliphelele lifana nokuthi "High - Density Interconnect". Embonini ye-elekthronikhi, i-HDI, njengesifinyezo, iyaziwa kabanzi futhi isetshenziswa. Ngezinye izikhathi, lapho kugcizelelwa isici sobuchwepheshe, ingabizwa nangokuthi "High - Density Interconnect Technology". Kodwa-ke, isifinyezo esithi "HDI" yigama elisetshenziswa kakhulu futhi elaziwa kakhulu kumadokhumenti obuchwepheshe kanye nokushintshana kwezimboni.
II. Izinhlobo Ezikhethekile Zamabhodi Esekethe E-HDI
Amabhodi Esekethe E-HDI Aphezulu
Amabhodi wesekethe ye-HDI asezingeni eliphezulu amelela ubuchwepheshe be-HDI obusezingeni eliphezulu, inhlanganisela ephelele yobuchwepheshe obuyinkimbinkimbi kanye nokukhiqizwa okunembile. Asebenzisa izendlalelo ezengeziwe kanye nezakhiwo zokuxhumana eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu neziyinkimbinkimbi, njengokwakha inethiwekhi yethrafikhi yedolobha elibanzi nelisebenza kahle kakhulu emhlabeni omncane.
Ngale ndlela yokuklama esezingeni eliphezulu, amabhodi wesekethe e-HDI aphezulu afinyelela ubuningi besekethe obuphezulu kakhulu, angahlanganisa inani elikhulu lezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi endaweni encane kakhulu, futhi anciphise usayizi ophelele webhodi yesekethe.
Emasimini anezidingo ezidinga kakhulu zokusebenza kwamadivayisi kagesi, njengemishini yesiteshi sokuxhumana se-5G kanye namaseva ekhompyutha asebenza kahle kakhulu, amabhodi wesekethe se-HDI asezingeni eliphezulu adlala indima ebalulekile engenakuphikiswa.
Uma sithatha iziteshi zokuxhumana ze-5G njengesibonelo, zidinga ukusingatha ithrafikhi enkulu yedatha futhi zinezidingo eziphezulu kakhulu zesivinini, ukuzinza, kanye nokunemba kokudluliselwa kwesignali. Ngokusebenzisa izintambo ezixinene kakhulu kanye nezakhiwo zokuxhumanisa ezilungiselelwe kahle, amabhodi wesekethe ye-HDI ephezulu angafinyelela ukudluliselwa okuphumelelayo kwezibonakaliso zesivinini esiphezulu phakathi kwamamojula asebenzayo ahlukene, okuqinisekisa ukuthi imishini yesiteshi sesisekelo ingamukela futhi ithumele ngokushesha nangokunembile izimpawu ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo zokuxhumana zamanethiwekhi e-5G ane-latency ephansi kanye ne-bandwidth ephezulu.
Kumaseva ekhompyutha asebenza kahle kakhulu, amabhodi wesekethe se-HDI asezingeni eliphezulu anganikeza ukuxhumana kwesignali okusheshayo nokuzinzile kwama-core chips afana nama-CPU nama-GPU, asekele ukusebenza kwedatha enkulu kanye nokucubungula, futhi athuthukise ukusebenza kahle kanye nokusebenza kahle kweseva.
Ngokombono wezobuchwepheshe be-R & D, ukukhiqizwa kwamabhodi wesekethe we-HDI asezingeni eliphezulu kubhekene nezinselele eziningi. Isibonelo, njengoba inani lezingqimba landa, inkinga yokuphazamiseka kwesignali phakathi kwezingqimba iba sobala kakhulu. I-Shenzhen Rich Full Joy Electronics Co., Ltd. itshala imali eningi yezinsizakusebenza ze-R & D. Ngokwamukela ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bokuhlukanisa isignali, ukwenza ngcono isakhiwo se-stack-up, nokusebenzisa izinto ezilahlekelwa kancane, ixazulula ngempumelelo inkinga yokuphazamiseka phakathi kwezingqimba futhi iqinisekise ikhwalithi yokudluliselwa kwesignali.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ekukhiqizweni kwemigodi emincane kanye nokucutshungulwa kwezifunda ezinembile kakhulu, sithuthukisa njalo izinga lenqubo. Ngokusebenzisa imishini yokucubungula i-laser ethuthukisiwe kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuqopha ngokunemba, sifinyelela ukukhiqizwa kwesifunda esinembile kakhulu kanye nokucutshungulwa kwemigodi emincane, sihlangabezana nezidingo zamabhodi esifunda e-HDI aphezulu ukuze kube lula ukusebenza kahle kanye nokusebenza kahle kakhulu.
Lapho kukhiqizwa amabhodi wesekethe se-HDI aphezulu, ukukhiqizwa kwezisekethe zangaphakathi kudinga ukunemba okuphezulu kakhulu. Ubuchwepheshe be-lithography obuthuthukisiwe kanye nama-photomasks anesinqumo esiphezulu asetshenziswa ukuqinisekisa ubuncane nokunemba kwezisekethe.
Ngesikhathi senqubo yokubopha, ukuze kuqinisekiswe inhlanganisela eqinile yesakhiwo sezingqimba eziningi kanye nokusebenza kokudluliselwa kwesignali, ukunemba kokulawula kokushisa, ingcindezi, kanye nesikhathi kuyadingeka kube phezulu kakhulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinto ezikhethekile zokuvimba izingqimba eziphakathi zisetshenziselwa ukunciphisa amandla okusebenza kanye nokungena kwezingqimba phakathi kwezingqimba kanye nokunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwesignali.
Enqubweni yokubhoboza, ubuchwepheshe bokubhoboza nge-laser obunembile kakhulu busetshenziswa kabanzi ukudala imigodi emincane ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokuxhumanisa okunobuningi obukhulu. Ngemva kokubhoboza, kwenziwa ukwelashwa okuqinile kodonga lwemigodi ukuqinisekisa ukubopha okuhle phakathi kwesendlalelo se-copper-plating kanye nodonga lwemigodi.
Ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bokufaka i-pulse electroplating busetshenziswa enqubweni yokufaka ithusi ukuthuthukisa ukufana kanye nekhwalithi yesendlalelo sokufaka ithusi nokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kokuxhumeka kukagesi.
Ikhwalithi eyinhloko - amaphuzu okulawula (okuqondene ne-HDI ephezulu): Ngaphambi kokulayishwa, kwenziwa ukuhlolwa okuphelele kokuvinjelwa kwe-impedance kungqimba ngayinye yebhodi lesifunda ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukufaniswa kokuvinjelwa kwe-impedance phakathi kwezingqimba kuhlangabezana nezidingo zomklamo futhi kunciphisa ukubonakaliswa kwesignali kanye nokuphazamiseka.
Ngemva kokubhoboza, imishini ephezulu njenge-athomu force microscopes isetshenziswa ukuhlola izindonga zemigodi emincane nge-microscope ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ubulukhuni bezindonga zemigodi buhlangabezana nezidingo zokudluliswa kwesignali. Ngokusebenzisa ukuhlolwa kokulingisa ukudluliswa kwesignali ngesivinini esikhulu, ubuqotho besignali yebhodi lesifunda ezimweni zangempela zokudluliswa kwedatha ngesivinini esikhulu buyaqinisekiswa, futhi ukuhlaziywa okujulile kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwenziwa emikhiqizweni enokuhlanekezelwa kwesignali.
Amabhodi Esekethe E-HDI Ahlanganisiwe Aqinile - Aguquguqukayo
Amabhodi wesekethe ahlanganisiwe e-HDI aqinile futhi aguquguqukayo ahlanganisa ngobuchule izinzuzo zamabhodi wesekethe aqinile futhi aguquguqukayo futhi ayidizayini yebhodi yesekethe enobuchule kakhulu. Ingxenye eqinile inikeza ukwesekwa okuzinzile kanye nokuxhumeka kukagesi okuthembekile kwebhodi yesekethe, okuqinisekisa ukuthi izingxenye ezibalulekile ze-elekthronikhi zingafakwa ngokuzinzile futhi ukudluliswa kwesignali kuzinzile. Ingxenye eguquguqukayo inika ibhodi yesekethe ukuguquguquka okuhle kakhulu nokugobeka, okwenza likwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezakhiwo zesikhala ezikhethekile ezahlukahlukene kanye nezimo zokusetshenziswa.
Emkhakheni wama-smartphone agoqekayo, ukusetshenziswa kwamabhodi wesekethe e-HDI aqinile futhi aguquguqukayo kulethe impumelelo entsha ekusungulweni komkhiqizo.
Ngesikhathi sokuvuleka nokugoqwa kwama-smartphone asongekayo, ibhodi lesifunda lidinga ukumelana nokuguquguquka okuphindaphindwayo kokugoba ngenkathi kuqinisekiswa ukuzinza kokuxhumeka kukagesi. Ingxenye eqinile yebhodi lesifunda le-HDI elihlanganisiwe eliqinile neliguquguqukayo ingasetshenziswa ukuthwala izingxenye ezibalulekile njengeprosesa eyinhloko yefoni kanye nama-chip okugcina, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuvamile kwemisebenzi yokubala kanye neyokugcina ifoni. Ingxenye eguquguqukayo ingafinyelela ukuxhumana kwesekethe okubushelelezi endaweni yokugoqwa kwesikrini. Njengoba isikrini sivuleka futhi sivala, ibhodi lesifunda eliguquguqukayo lingagoba ngokuguquguqukayo, liqinisekise ukudluliselwa okuzinzile kwezimpawu zokubonisa isikrini futhi lilethele abasebenzisi ulwazi olungenamthungo lokugoba nokuvuleka.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwezinye izinkambu zamadivayisi ezokwelapha, njengamadivayisi okuqapha ezokwelapha agqokwayo, amabhodi wesekethe ahlanganisiwe e-HDI aqinile futhi aguquguqukayo angafakwa ezimweni zezingxenye ezahlukene zomzimba womuntu ukuze kufezwe ukuqoqwa okunembile nokudluliselwa kwezimpawu zomzimba, ngenkathi kuqinisekiswa induduzo nokuthembeka kwedivayisi.
Ngokuphathelene nenqubo yokukhiqiza, isihluthulelo samabhodi wesekethe ahlanganisiwe e-HDI aqinile futhi aguquguqukayo sisekuxhumaneni kokushintsha phakathi kwezingxenye eziqinile neziguquguqukayo. I-Shenzhen Rich Full Joy Electronics Co., Ltd. isebenzisa inqubo yokuklama nokukhiqiza ehlanganisiwe eyingqayizivele. Lapho kuhlangana khona izingxenye eziqinile neziguquguqukayo, ngokuphathwa kwezinto ezikhethekile kanye nomklamo wesakhiwo, kufezwa ushintsho olubushelelezi, kunciphisa ngempumelelo ukugxilisa ingqondo futhi kuthuthukise ukuthembeka kwebhodi yesekethe ngesikhathi sokugoba okuphindaphindiwe.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, sisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bokukhiqiza izifunda eziguquguqukayo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izifunda engxenyeni eguquguqukayo zinokuguquguquka okuhle nokusebenza kukagesi futhi zingamelana nokuhlolwa kokugoba nokwelula kwesikhathi eside.
Lapho kukhiqizwa amabhodi wesekethe ahlanganisiwe aqinile futhi aguquguqukayo e-HDI, ukukhiqizwa kwesekethe yangaphakathi kulungiselelwa izingxenye eziqinile neziguquguqukayo ngokulandelana. Ingxenye eqinile igxila kumthamo wokuthwala umthwalo kanye nokuzinza kwesekethe, kuyilapho ingxenye eguquguqukayo igxila ekuguquguqukeni nasekugobekeni kwesekethe.
Ngesikhathi senqubo yokubopha, inqubo yokubopha indawo yokuguqula phakathi kwezingxenye eziqinile neziguquguqukayo yakhelwe ngokukhethekile. Amapharamitha akhethekile okulungiselela kanye ne-lamination asetshenziswa ukuqinisekisa amandla okubopha kanye nokuguquguquka kwendawo yokuguqula.
Enqubweni yokubhoboza kanye ne-copper-plating, kusetshenziswa izinqubo ezikhethekile zokubhoboza kanye ne-copper-plating emigodini esendaweni yokuguquka phakathi kwezingxenye eziqinile neziguquguqukayo ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yodonga lwembobo kanye nokunamathela kwesendlalelo se-copper-plating ukuze kuvumelane nezinguquko zokucindezeleka ngesikhathi senqubo yokugoba.
Ikhwalithi eyinhloko - amaphuzu okulawula (okuqondene ne-HDI eqinile - eguquguqukayo ehlanganisiwe): Ngemva kokuba amasekethe angaphakathi angqimba endaweni yokuguquka phakathi kwezingxenye eziqinile neziguquguqukayo eseqediwe, kusetshenziswa i-electron microscope yokuskena enembile kakhulu ukuhlola ukuthembeka kokuxhumeka kanye nekhwalithi yomphetho wamasekethe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi azikho izingozi ezifihliwe zamasekethe avulekile noma amasekethe amafushane.
Ngesikhathi senqubo yokubopha, ukuqapha ingcindezi yendawo kwenziwa endaweni yokuguquka ukuqinisekisa ukusatshalaliswa kwengcindezi okufanayo nokugwema ukubopha okubi ngenxa yengcindezi engalingani.
Ngemva kokuba ibhodi lesifunda selihlanganisiwe, kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kokugoqa okulingisiwe okungenani izikhathi ezingu-[X]. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ukusebenza kukagesi kubhekwa ngesikhathi sangempela ukuhlola ukuthi ukudluliswa kwesignali kuzinzile yini. Inani nendawo yokwehluleka kuyaqoshwa, futhi izimbangela ziyahlaziywa futhi zithuthukiswe.
Ukuhlolwa kokuthamba kwenziwa kumasekethe engxenyeni eguquguqukayo ukuze kulingiswe izimo zokunwebeka ekusetshenzisweni kwansuku zonke, kuqinisekiswe ukuthi amasekethe asakwazi ukugcina ukuxhumana okuhle kukagesi kanye nezakhiwo zemishini ngaphansi kokucindezeleka.
Amabhodi Esekethe E-HDI Okudlulisa Isignali Esivinini Esiphezulu
Ngesikhathi senqubo yokuklama nokukhiqiza lolu hlobo lwebhodi lesifunda, kusetshenziswa uchungechunge lwezinto ezikhethekile nezinqubo ezithuthukisiwe ukuze kuncishiswe ukuphazamiseka kwesignali kanye nokuphazamiseka ngesikhathi sokudlulisa.
Isibonelo, ekukhetheni izinto, sikhetha amabhodi anokungaguquguquki kwe-dielectric okuphansi kanye nokulahlekelwa okuphansi ukuze sinciphise ukulahlekelwa kwamandla kanye nokubambezeleka ngesikhathi sokudluliswa kwesignali.
Ngokuphathelene nokuhlelwa kwesekethe, ukufaniswa kwe-impedance kufezwa ngokwenza ngcono umzila wesekethe, ukulawula ubude besekethe kanye nesikhala, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amasignali esivinini esikhulu angadluliselwa ngokulahlekelwa okuncane kanye nokuphazamiseka.
Emasimini afana nemishini yokuxhumana yenethiwekhi enesivinini esikhulu kanye nemishini yokudlulisa ividiyo enesilinganiso esiphezulu, amabhodi wesekethe ye-HDI yokudlulisa isignali enesivinini esikhulu adlala indima ebalulekile.
Emishinini yokuxhumana yenethiwekhi enesivinini esikhulu njenge-routers nama-switch, amabhodi wesekethe ye-HDI yokudlulisa isignali enesivinini esikhulu angaqinisekisa ukudluliswa kwedatha okusheshayo nokunembile kumanethiwekhi anesivinini esikhulu, kunciphisa ukubambezeleka kwesignali kanye nokulahleka kwephakethe, futhi kunikeze abasebenzisi uxhumano lwenethiwekhi oluzinzile nolubushelelezi.
Emishinini yokudlulisa ividiyo enencazelo ephezulu njengamadivayisi okudlala ividiyo e-4K/8K kanye nezinhlelo zokuqapha ividiyo, amabhodi wesekethe ye-HDI yokudlulisa isignali enesivinini esiphezulu angaqinisekisa ukudluliswa kwekhwalithi ephezulu kwezimpawu zevidiyo ezinencazelo ephezulu, agweme izinkinga ezifana nokuqandisa isithombe kanye nokuphambuka kwesikrini, futhi alethele abasebenzisi ulwazi oluhle kakhulu lokubona.
Ngokombono wezindlela zokuthuthukiswa kwemboni, ngentuthuko esheshayo yobuchwepheshe obusha njengokuxhumana kwe-5G, i-Intanethi Yezinto, kanye nobuhlakani bokwenziwa, isidingo samabhodi wesekethe se-HDI sokudlulisa isignali esheshayo sizoqhubeka sikhula. I-Shenzhen Rich Full Joy Electronics Co., Ltd. izoqapha eduze izitayela zemboni, ikhulise njalo ukutshalwa kwezimali kwe-R & D, futhi iqhubeke nokwenza ngcono izinqubo zokuklama nezokukhiqiza zamabhodi wesekethe se-HDI sokudlulisa isignali esheshayo ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nesidingo semakethe esikhula njalo sokudlulisa idatha esheshayo nezinzile.
Lapho kukhiqizwa amabhodi wesekethe se-HDI yokudlulisa isignali yesivinini esikhulu, ukukhiqizwa kwesekethe yangaphakathi enezingqimba kugxile ekwenzeni ngcono ukwakheka kwesekethe ukuze kuncishiswe imithombo yokuphazamiseka endleleni yokudlulisa isignali. Ama-prepreg aphansi - aqhubekayo e-dielectric - kanye nama-foil ethusi akhethwa ukuze kuncishiswe ukulahlekelwa kokudluliselwa kwesignali. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokubhoboza kanye ne-copper - plating, ukunemba kobukhulu bemigodi kanye nokufana kwesendlalelo se-copper - plating kulawulwa ngokuqinile ukuze kuncishiswe umthelela ekudlulisweni kwesignali. Ubuchwepheshe bokuqopha obuphezulu busetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwesekethe yangaphandle enezingqimba ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ikhwalithi yesekethe ithambile futhi iphezulu futhi igweme ukubonakaliswa kwesignali. Ukwelashwa kobuso, kukhethwa izinqubo ezinomthelela omncane ekudlulisweni kwesignali, njenge-organic solderability preservative (OSP). Ngenkathi kuqinisekiswa ukuthi i-solderability iyasebenza, ukuphazamiseka kwezibonakaliso zesivinini esiphezulu kuyancishiswa.
Ikhwalithi Eyinhloko - amaphuzu okulawula (okuqondene ne-HDI yokudlulisa isignali yesivinini esiphezulu): Esigabeni sokuhlola izinto zokusetshenziswa, izakhiwo ze-dielectric zamabhodi angaguquki e-dielectric aphansi zihlolwa ngokunembile ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nezidingo zokudlulisa isignali yesivinini esiphezulu. Isofthiwe yokuhlaziya ubuqotho besignali yobungcweti isetshenziselwa ukulingisa nokuqinisekisa ukwakheka kwesakhiwo sesekethe, futhi izinkinga ezingaba khona zokuphazamiseka kwesignali ziyatholwa futhi zixazululwe ngesikhathi ngaphambi kokukhiqiza. Ngemva kokubhoboza kanye nokufaka ithusi, umhloli we-impedance onembile kakhulu usetshenziswa ukukala iphuzu ngephuzu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukunemba kokuhambisana kwe-impedance kungaphakathi kobubanzi obuncane kakhulu bephutha. Ibhodi lesekethe eliqediwe lihlolwa ukuhlolwa kokudlulisa isignali yesivinini esiphezulu, okulingisa amazinga aphezulu kakhulu kanye nezindawo eziyinkimbinkimbi zesignali kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zangempela. Ikhwalithi yesignali ihlolwa ngezindlela ezifana nokuhlaziywa kwedayagramu yamehlo, futhi imikhiqizo engaphansi kwekhwalithi ivinjelwe ngokuphelele ukuphuma efektri.
- III. Ukubuka konke kwenqubo yokukhiqiza ibhodi lesekethe le-HDI kanye nekhwalithi eyinhloko - amaphuzu okulawula
Ukukhiqizwa kwamabhodi wesekethe ye-HDI kuyinqubo enembile kakhulu futhi eyinkimbinkimbi ehilela ubuchwepheshe obuningi obuthuthukisiwe kanye nokulawulwa kwenqubo okuqinile. Ngokuyinhloko ihlanganisa izinyathelo ezilandelayo ezibalulekile kanye namaphuzu okulawula ikhwalithi ahambisanayo:
- Ukukhiqizwa Kwesekethe Yezingqimba Zangaphakathi
Okokuqala, lungisa i-laminate embozwe ngethusi. Iphethini yesekethe eklanyiwe idluliselwa epuletini lethusi ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-lithography, bese ungqimba lwethusi olungadingekile lususwa ngenqubo yokuqopha ukuze kwakhiwe amasekethe angaphakathi anezingqimba ezinembile. Lesi sinyathelo sidinga imishini ye-lithography enembile kakhulu kanye nokulawula okunembile kokuqopha ukuqinisekisa ubuncane nokunemba kwamasekethe.
Amaphuzu okulawula abalulekile: Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-lithography, i-photomask ihlolwa ngokuqinile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iphethini ayinazo iziphambeko futhi icacile kakhulu. Ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwe-lithography, amapharamitha anjengokuchayeka okukhulu kanye nesikhathi aqashwa ngesikhathi sangempela ukuqinisekisa ukunemba kokudluliselwa kwesekethe. Ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwe-etchant, ukuhlushwa, izinga lokushisa, kanye nesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwe-etchant kulawulwa ngokuqinile. Izinga lokusetshenziswa kwe-etchant liqashwa ngesikhathi sangempela ngokusebenzisa imishini yokuthola i-inthanethi ukuze kuvinjelwe ukusetshenziswa kwe-etchant ngokweqile noma ngaphansi kwayo futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ububanzi besekethe kanye nesikhala kuhlangabezana nezidingo zomklamo.
- Ukuvikela
Amabhodi wesekethe yangaphakathi enezingqimba, ama-prepreg, kanye nama-foil ethusi angaphandle ahlanganiswa ngokwezidingo zomklamo futhi afakwa ku-laminator enezingqimba eziphezulu neziphezulu. Ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa ezilawulwa kahle, ingcindezi, kanye nesikhathi, ama-prepreg ayancibilikisa futhi abophe ngokuqinile izingqimba ndawonye ukuze akhe isakhiwo esiyisisekelo sebhodi enezingqimba eziningi. Inqubo ye-lamination inezidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zokufana kwezinga lokushisa kanye nokuqina kwengcindezi yemishini ukuqinisekisa ukubopha okuqinile phakathi kwezingqimba kanye nokungabi namaphutha afana nama-bubbles kanye ne-delamination.
Amaphuzu okulawula ekhwalithi abalulekile: Ngaphambi kokulamina, ikhwalithi yobuso bamabhodi wesekethe yangaphakathi, ama-prepreg, kanye nama-foil ethusi angaphandle ahlolwa ngokucophelela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho ukungcola, imihuzuko, nezinye izinkinga. Izinzwa zokushisa kanye nezinzwa zokucindezela ze-laminator zilinganiswa ngokuqinile ukuqinisekisa ukunemba kanye nokufana kwezinga lokushisa kanye nengcindezi. Ngemva kokulamina, imishini yokuhlola i-X-ray isetshenziselwa ukuhlola amaphutha afana namabhamuza kanye nokuhlukanisa phakathi kwezingqimba, futhi imikhiqizo enephutha ilungiswa kabusha noma ilahlwe ngokushesha.
- Ukubhoboza kanye nethusi - Ukufaka iplati
Imishini yokubhoboza enembile kakhulu njengemishini yokubhoboza nge-laser isetshenziselwa ukubhoboza imigodi emincane, imigodi engaboni, kanye nemigodi egqitshiwe yokuxhumanisa izifunda zesendlalelo ngasinye. Ngemva kwalokho, ukubhoboza ngethusi okungenagesi kanye nokubhoboza nge-electroplating kwenziwa ukuze kufakwe ungqimba olufanayo lwethusi odongeni lwembobo, kuqinisekiswe ukuxhumana okuhle kukagesi phakathi kwezifunda zesendlalelo ngasinye. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokubhoboza ngethusi, imingcele efana nokwakheka kwesisombululo sokubhoboza, izinga lokushisa, kanye nobuningi bamanje kulawulwa ngokuqinile ukuqinisekisa ukujiya kanye nekhwalithi yesendlalelo sethusi.
Ikhwalithi Eyinhloko - Amaphuzu Okulawula: Ngaphambi kokubhoboza, imishini yokubhoboza iyalinganiswa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izikhundla zokubhoboza zinembile. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokubhoboza, amapharamitha afana nokujula kokubhoboza kanye nobubanzi bembobo aqashwa ngesikhathi sangempela ukuvimbela izinkinga ezifana nokuphambuka kokubhoboza kanye nokubhoboza. Ngesikhathi sokubhoboza ngethusi, ukwakheka kwesisombululo sokubhoboza kuhlolwa njalo, futhi ukusebenza kwesisombululo sokubhoboza kubhekwa ngezindlela ezifana nokuhlolwa kweseli le-Hull ukuqinisekisa ukujiya kwesendlalelo sethusi esifanayo kanye nokunamathela okuqinile. Izindlela ezifana nokuhlaziywa kwesigaba se-metallographic zisetshenziselwa ukuhlola ikhwalithi yesendlalelo sethusi odongeni lwembobo, njengokuba khona kwezikhala kanye nokuxega.
- Ukukhiqizwa Kwesekethe Yezingqimba Zangaphandle
Izinqubo ze-lithography kanye ne-etching zisetshenziswa futhi ukukhiqiza izifunda zangaphandle ebhodini elinomshini wokunamathisela. Le nqubo ifana neyokukhiqizwa kwesifunda sangaphakathi, kodwa izidingo zokunemba nokuthembeka zezifunda zangaphandle ziphakeme ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zezintambo ezixinene kakhulu.
Amaphuzu okulawula abalulekile ekhwalithi: Njengokukhiqizwa kwesekethe yangaphakathi, ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi okuqinile kwenziwa ku-photomask ye-lithography yesekethe yangaphandle. Ngesikhathi se-lithography kanye nokusika, ukuhlolwa kokunemba kwesekethe kuyaqiniswa. Imishini efana nama-microscope e-electron isetshenziselwa ukubona - ukuhlola ikhwalithi yomphetho kanye nokunemba kobubanzi besekethe ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nezindinganiso zokuklama. Ngemva kokusika, ubuso besekethe buyahlolwa ukuze kutholakale izinkinga ezifana nezinsalela zokusika kanye nesekethe ezimfushane.
- Ukwelashwa Okungaphezulu
Ukuze kuvinjelwe ukushiswa kwengqimba yethusi nokuthuthukisa ukushiswa, ubuso bebhodi lesifunda buyaphathwa. Izindlela ezivamile zifaka phakathi ukulinganisa i-hot-air solder (HASL), igolide lokucwiliswa kwe-nickel elingena-electro (ENIG), i-organic solderability preservative (OSP), njll. Izindlela ezahlukene zokwelapha ubuso zifanelekile ezimweni ezahlukene zokusetshenziswa, futhi inqubo efanele idinga ukukhethwa ngokuya ngezimfuneko zomkhiqizo.
Amaphuzu abalulekile okulawula ikhwalithi: Ngaphambi kokwelashwa kobuso, qiniseka ukuthi ubuso bebhodi lesifunda buhlanzekile futhi abunawo amabala kawoyela kanye nokungcola. Ngenqubo yokulinganisa i-solder yomoya oshisayo, izinga lokushisa le-tin-lead alloy kanye nesikhathi sokucwiliswa kwe-soldering kulawulwa ngokuqinile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amalunga e-solder ayisicaba futhi abushelelezi, futhi azikho izinkinga ezifana nokucwiliswa okomile kanye nokubopha. Enqubweni yegolide yokucwiliswa kwe-nickel engenagesi, inani le-pH, izinga lokushisa, kanye nesikhathi sokucwiliswa kwesisombululo sokucwiliswa kulawulwa ngokunembile ukuqinisekisa ukujiya okufanayo kwezingqimba ze-nickel negolide. Umphumela wokwelashwa kobuso uqinisekiswa ngezindlela ezifana nokuhlolwa kokucwiliswa. Ngenqubo yokulondolozwa kokucwiliswa kwe-organic, ukufana kobukhulu befilimu kulawulwa, futhi ukuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela kwenziwa ngesihloli sokujiya kwefilimu.
- Ukuhlolwa Nokuhlolwa
Ibhodi lesifunda lihlolwa ngokuphelele ngezindlela ezahlukene zokuhlola njengokuhlolwa kokusebenza kukagesi, ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray, kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-flying-probe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinkomba zalo zokusebenza ziyahlangabezana nezidingo zomklamo. Imikhiqizo edlula ukuhlolwa okuqinile kuphela engangena esinyathelweni esilandelayo.
Ikhwalithi Eyinhloko - Amaphuzu Okulawula: Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokusebenza kukagesi, amapharamitha okuhlola abekwa ngokwezincazelo ezijwayelekile, futhi izinkomba ezibalulekile ezifana nokuqhuba kwebhodi lesifunda, ukumelana nokushisa, kanye nokuvinjelwa kulinganiswa ngokunembile ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuhle kokudluliselwa kwesignali. Ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray kusetshenziselwa ukuhlola isakhiwo sangaphakathi phakathi kwezingqimba, ikhwalithi yembobo, njll., futhi amaphutha angaphakathi atholakala ngesikhathi esifanele. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Flying-probe kwenza ukuhlolwa kokuxhumeka kukagesi okuqondile kuya endaweni ethile ezingxenyeni ezincane kanye nezifunda eziyinkimbinkimbi ebhodini lesifunda ukuqinisekisa ukunemba kokuxhumeka kwesifunda. Emikhiqizweni engafaneleki, kwenziwa ukuhlaziywa kokuhluleka okuningiliziwe, imbangela eyinhloko yenkinga iyalandelwa, futhi kuthathwa izinyathelo zokuthuthukisa ezifanele.
- Ukwakhiwa Nokucutshungulwa Kweposi
Ngokwezilinganiso zomklamo, ibhodi lesifunda lakhiwa ngokucutshungulwa kwemishini noma ukusika nge-laser. Okokugcina, izinqubo zokucubungula ngemuva kokuhlanza nokupakisha zenziwa ukuze kuqedwe ukukhiqizwa kwebhodi lesifunda le-HDI.
Ikhwalithi Eyinhloko - Amaphuzu Okulawula: Ngesikhathi senqubo yokwakha, ukunemba kobukhulu bokucubungula kulawulwa ngokuqinile. Imishini yokulinganisa enembile kakhulu isetshenziselwa ukubona - ukuhlola ubukhulu bebhodi lesifunda elenziwe ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nezidingo zomdwebo womklamo. Enqubweni yokuhlanza, qiniseka ukuthi ukuhlushwa, izinga lokushisa, kanye nesikhathi sokuhlanza kwesisombululo sokuhlanza kufanelekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho ukungcola okusele ebusweni bebhodi lesifunda. Lapho kufakwa, kusetshenziswa izinto zokupakisha ezifanele kanye nezindlela ukuvimbela umonakalo ebhodini lesifunda ngesikhathi sokuthutha nokugcina.
I-Shenzhen Rich Full Joy Electronics Co., Ltd., enesisekelo sayo esijulile sobuchwepheshe, ulwazi olucebile embonini, kanye nethimba lobunjiniyela lochwepheshe, inokuqonda okujulile ngamaphuzu ayisihluthulelo ahlukile kanye nezinselele ekwakhiweni, ekukhiqizweni nasekusetshenzisweni kohlobo ngalunye lwebhodi lesifunda le-HDI. Singakhetha ngokunembile ikhambi elifanele kakhulu ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo zebhodi lesifunda le-HDI ngokuya ngezidingo ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza zamakhasimende. Ngezinqubo zokukhiqiza ezithuthukisiwe, ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi okuqinile, kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha okuqhubekayo kwezobuchwepheshe, sakha imikhiqizo yebhodi lesifunda le-HDI elisezingeni eliphezulu nelisebenza kahle kakhulu kumakhasimende, sibasiza ukuba baphumelele kakhulu emkhakheni wokukhiqiza amadivayisi kagesi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngentuthuko eqhubekayo yesayensi nobuchwepheshe kanye nokukhuthazwa okuqhubekayo kokusungula izinto ezintsha, ubuchwepheshe bebhodi lesifunda le-HDI buthuthuka ngokushesha. I-Shenzhen Rich Full Joy Electronics Co., Ltd. izohlala igcina ukuqonda okujulile kwemakethe, ihlanganyele ngenkuthalo ocwaningweni nasekuhloleni ubuchwepheshe obusha, iqhubeke nokwandisa imingcele yokusetshenziswa kwamabhodi esifunda e-HDI, ifake umfudlana ongapheli wentshisekelo ekuthuthukisweni komkhakha wokukhiqiza amadivayisi kagesi, futhi iholele imboni ezikhundleni ezintsha.
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