Rigid Flex

Ib lub PCB rigid-flex yog ib lub circuit board uas muab cov PCB rigid thiab flexible los ntawm cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb, muab ob qho tib si kev txhawb nqa kev ruaj khov thiab cov yam ntxwv khoov tau / quav tau.

Cov hom feem ntau suav nrog ib sab / ob sab ywj pheej ua ke nrog ib sab / ob sab ywj pheej, thiab ntau txheej ywj pheej ua ke nrog ntau txheej ywj pheej.

Cov PCBs ruaj khov yog cov khoom tawv thiab ruaj khov, cov PCBs uas yooj ywm yog cov mos thiab khoov tau tab sis tsis muaj zog. Cov PCBs ruaj khov muab lawv cov txiaj ntsig los ua kom tau raws li qhov kev teeb tsa nyuaj thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv.

Muaj cov txheej tawv (FR-4, thiab lwm yam), cov txheej yoog tau (polyimide PI), cov txheej nplaum (kua nplaum), thiab cov hlau.

Xav txog qhov nyuaj ntawm lub voj voog, qhov yuav tsum tau muaj teeb liab, thiab tus nqi. Cov voj voog yooj yim xav tau 2-4 txheej; cov voj voog ceev ceev uas nyuaj yuav xav tau ≥6 txheej.

Tsis txhob siv cov ces kaum ntse ntse; siv cov ces kaum puag ncig/45°. Khaws cov kab dav kom sib npaug thiab dav kom haum. Tsis txhob hlas hauv thaj chaw khoov (qhov deb ntawm thaj chaw rigid-flex ≥50mil).

Cov kab yuav tsum hloov mus zoo thiab perpendicularly rau qhov kev taw qhia khoov. Cov xov hlau yuav tsum tau faib sib npaug zos thiab dav tshaj plaws. PTH, Coverlay, thiab cov qauv PP tsis ntws raug txwv tsis pub siv hauv thaj chaw hloov pauv.

Siv cov software simulation los xam cov parameters. Xaiv cov dielectrics uas poob qis (piv txwv li, RO4000 series). Tswj kev etching kom ntseeg tau tias qhov dav ntawm kab sib xws.

Ntxiv cov thermal vias hauv cov txheej txheem khov kho hauv qab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siab. Siv cov hlau substrates / thermal conductive adhesives. Ua qhov kev sim thermal ntawm theem tsim kom zoo tshaj plaws cov kev faib cua sov.

Tsim raws li qhov chaw teeb tsa thiab cov qauv kho tshuab. Qhov loj ntawm thaj chaw hloov pauv tau yuav tsum xav txog qhov khoov deformation kom tsis txhob muaj kev nias ntau dhau.

Xyuas kom meej tias kev hloov pauv du ntawm cov ntaub qhwv thiab cov kab; tsis txhob muaj cov ces kaum sab xis. Teem cov ntiv taw vuam rau cov ntaub qhwv ywj pheej kom txhim kho kev txhawb nqa thiab kev vuam khov kho.

Yuav tsum tsis txhob muab cov qhov cuab yeej tso rau hauv cov laug cam uas yoog tau sib koom ua ke. Kev tso cov qhov rau hauv cov chaw khov kho yuav tsum xav txog qhov ua tiav thiab kev sib dhos kom raug.

Faib cov dav hlau kom tsim nyog kom txo tau suab nrov. Txuas cov dav hlau ntawm vias / qhov hlau, ua tib zoo saib xyuas kev ntseeg tau thiab lub peev xwm nqa tam sim no.

Tsis txhob muaj qhov chaw nkhaus hauv thaj chaw uas khoov. Ntxiv cov kab tooj liab tiv thaiv lossis cov kab zoo li lub voj voog thaum muaj chaw seem. Ua kom thaj chaw khoov ntau li ntau tau.

Tsis txhob siv cov kab sib txuas ntev ntev. Siv cov teeb liab sib txawv. Ua kom qhov sib nrug ntawm cov teeb liab thiab cov txheej av kom txo qhov sib txuas.

Teem cov chaw sim kom tsim nyog rau hauv cov cheeb tsam nruj kom yooj yim rau kev sim ntau lawm. Cov chaw yuav tsum nkag tau yooj yim thiab tsis cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub voj voog.

Cov coefficients ntawm kev nthuav dav ntawm cov txheej tawv thiab cov txheej yoog tau yuav tsum tau sib phim. Cov txheej nplaum yuav tsum muaj kev nplaum zoo rau ob qho tib si (piv txwv li, PI thiab FR-4).

Npaj cov kev txiav txim ntawm cov teeb liab raws li hom teeb liab (cov teeb liab ceev ceev ze rau cov txheej hauv av). Sib npaug tuab thiab tus nqi.

Siv cov cim thiab cov ntawv sau meej meej rau ntawm cov duab kos los cim cov kab nkhaus, cov lus qhia, thiab cov kev xav tau ntawm lub vojvoog.

Teem cov qauv khoom, cov lej version, hnub tsim khoom, thiab lwm yam, rau hauv cov chaw ruaj khov. Cov cim qhia yuav tsum meej, tsis yooj yim hnav, thiab taug qab tau.

Khaws cov kab luv luv thiab ncaj nrog ob peb qhov chaw hla. Siv cov qauv microstrip/stripline. Tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj hluav taws xob thiab kev cuam tshuam.

Tsim los ua kom tau raws li cov chaw tsim khoom cov peev xwm ua haujlwm (qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm kab dav / qhov sib nrug, qhov loj me ntawm txoj kab, thiab lwm yam). Pab txhawb kev sib dhos tsis siv neeg / tes.

Xyuas kom meej tias kev hloov pauv du thiab tsis txhob muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau dhau. Siv kev hloov pauv dav ntawm kab maj mam lossis cov qauv hloov pauv tshwj xeeb.

Cov txheej tooj liab hauv cov chaw tawv pab kom cua sov tawm thiab txo qhov impedance hauv av. Hauv cov chaw uas yooj ywm, xav txog kev khoov kev ntseeg tau rau cov txheej tooj liab.

Muab av puag ncig thiab ntxiv cov txheej tiv thaiv. Khaws cia kom deb ntawm cov chaw cuam tshuam (cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siab, cov cim qhia moos, thiab lwm yam).

Tsim kom muaj qauv tsim nyog los txo cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob. Tiv thaiv cov voj voog uas cuam tshuam. Ua kom zoo dua qhov av kom txo qhov tsis kam.

Xaiv cov vias (dig muag/faus/dhau) raws li qhov xav tau. Cov vias dig muag/faus txo cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg tab sis kim heev. Siv cov vias ceev faj hauv thaj chaw uas yooj ywm.

Ua kom cov qhov qhib loj dua li qhov tsim los kom cov kua nplaum ntws tau. Siv cov pwm tshwj xeeb rau cov qhov qhib me me.

Ua kom muaj tooj liab ntau ntxiv rau hauv cov cheeb tsam uas tawv (teeb tsa cov chaw tooj liab khov kho rau hauv cov cheeb tsam uas tsis siv lawm). Xaiv cov tuab ntawm cov khoom kom tsim nyog.

Xyuas kom tseeb tias txoj kab dav txaus rau cov hluav taws xob siab. Siv cov ntawv ci tooj liab ntau txheej lossis ntxiv cov kab me me. Xav txog kev tshem tawm cua sov thiab qhov hluav taws xob poob qis.

Npaj cov vaj huam sib luag raws li cov khoom siv thiab cov txheej txheem tsim khoom. Txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab kev siv cov khoom siv; sau qhov loj me ntawm cov duab thiab qhov chaw.

Teem cov ntsiab lus sim thiab kho cov interfaces. Tsim cov khoom kom yooj yim rhuav tshem. Muab cov lus qhia kho kom ntxaws.

Muab cov khoom sib txuas uas muaj qhov los ntawm qhov rau hauv cov chaw tawv kom yooj yim kho. Muab cov khoom SMD faib rau hauv cov chaw tawv/yoog tau kom txaus kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev sib txuas zoo.

Teem ntau lub cim qhia kev ntseeg siab rau hauv cov chaw ruaj khov rau kev tso chaw tsim khoom thiab kev ntsuas. Cov duab / qhov loj me yuav tsum ua tau raws li cov khoom siv xav tau.

Xaiv cov ntaub ntawv uas haum rau qhov kub thiab txias/av noo. Txhim kho kev kho thiab kev txhawb nqa hauv qhov chaw co; ua kom zoo dua qhov kev teeb tsa kom txo tau kev cuam tshuam.

Siv kev cais lub cev (slotting/shielding) lossis kev cais hluav taws xob (opto-couplers/transformers) los cais cov teeb liab analog/digital, thiab lwm yam.

Muab PI/hlau/FR4 thiab lwm yam khoom siv txhawb zog lo rau hauv zos/tag nrho. Xaiv cov txheej txheem thiab tuab raws li qhov xav tau.

Ua kom yooj yim rau kev tsim qauv kom txo cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg thiab cov qauv nyuaj. Xaiv cov ntaub ntawv/txheej txheem uas pheej yig. Txhim kho kev ua vaj huam sib luag thiab cov txheej txheem.

Khaws qhov chaw txaus kom tiv thaiv kev tawg. Siv cov ntaub ntawv rwb thaiv tsev / cov txheej cais. Tshwj xeeb 标识 thiab tiv thaiv cov kab hluav taws xob siab.

Kev vuam yog qhov tsim nyog rau feem ntau; xyuas kom zoo. Kev ntswj yog rau kev sib txuas ntau zaus; xaiv cov khoom sib txuas thiab cov txheej txheem tsim nyog.

Txheej Txheem: Kev tsim cov ntawv rigid board → kev tsim cov ntawv flexible → kev sib txuas rigid-flex → kev ua cov duab → kev kho qhov chaw → kev sim.

Cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg: FR-4; cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg uas yoog tau: polyimide (PI).

Tswj qhov kub thiab txias ntawm lamination, qhov siab, thiab lub sijhawm. Ua kom zoo dua qhov kev txiav txim kom txo tau kev ntxhov siab. Tiv thaiv cov npuas thiab cov kab nrib pleb.

Siv cov ntawv ci tooj liab ductile. Tswj cov kev teeb tsa etching. Siv grid routing hauv thaj chaw khoov kom faib kev ntxhov siab.

Laser drilling + ntawm kev sau / electroplating. Tswj cov kev teeb tsa kom tsis txhob muaj burrs. Ntsuas kev ua hluav taws xob nruj me ntsis.

Siv cov khoom siv milling/stamping uas muaj kev ua haujlwm siab. Kho cov chaw uas yoog tau nrog cov spacers thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. Luam cov chaw uas yoog tau ua ntej cov uas tawv hauv kev luam tuag.

Kub immersion, kub plating, HASL, OSP (organic solderability preservative), thiab lwm yam, xaiv raws li qhov xav tau.

Txhim kho cov txheej txheem lamination kom tiaj tus. Ua kom thaj chaw loj dua hauv kev tsim qauv. Siv kev txhawb nqa thiab kev kho kom zoo thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm.

Tswj kev txiav kom nruj rau qhov dav ntawm kab. Xaiv cov khoom siv dielectric ruaj khov uas muaj qhov tseeb siab. Saib xyuas thiab kho qhov impedance hauv lub sijhawm tiag tiag thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom.

Txhim kho cov txheej txheem kom txo cov kauj ruam. Siv cov khoom siv tsis siv neeg. Teem sijhawm tsim khoom kom tsim nyog los txhim kho kev siv cov khoom siv.

Ua kom cov qauv tooj liab seem ntau ntxiv. Kho qhov kub ntawm 压板 ≥3.0 ℃ / feeb. Xaiv cov khoom siv nplaum kom haum rau kev sau sib xws.

Xaiv cov kua nplaum uas nplaum tau zoo. Ntxuav cov nplaim uas lo rau. Tswj qhov kub thiab txias, qhov siab, thiab lub sijhawm uas lo rau.

Kho plaub lub ces kaum nrog lub hlau soldering ua ntej lamination. Kho cov txheej txheem lamination raws li cov khoom npog. Tsis txhob muaj wrinkles thiab npuas.

Ua qhov kev ntsuam xyuas hluav taws xob nruj (AOI, kev sim ya dav hlau) thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom. Tswj cov txheej txheem kom tsis txhob muaj qhov tsis zoo.

Siv cov laug cam kom hla dhau cov kab kab rov tav thiab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj kev sib tsoo. Siv cov khoom siv kho thiab txhawb nqa tshwj xeeb thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm kom ruaj khov.

Siv cov txheej txheem qhia qhov chaw siab (laser/pin). Xyuas kom tseeb thiab kho qhov sib dhos ua ntej lamination.

Siv cov ntawv ci tooj liab electrolytic ductile. Tsim cov vojvoog khoov ≥10x tuab ntawm daim ntawv. Kev teeb tsa tshwj xeeb los txhim kho kev tiv taus kev qaug zog.

Txhim kho qhov tsim qauv kab rau kev vuam. Xaiv cov txheej txheem vuam tsim nyog (reflow / wave soldering). Tswj qhov kub thiab sijhawm.

Siv cov khoom siv luam ntawv thiab cov stencils uas muaj kev ntsuas siab. Ntxuav thiab tso cov laug cam ua ntej luam ntawv, thiab tswj cov yam ntxwv xws li lub zog nias, qhov ceev, thiab lub kaum sab xis.

Xaiv cov kua mem thiab cov txheej txheem tsim nyog kom ntseeg tau tias cov cim meej thiab tsis yooj yim hnav. Ua tib zoo saib qhov chaw luam ntawv thiab kev taw qhia, thiab ua qhov kev kuaj xyuas zoo kom tsis txhob muaj qhov tsis meej lossis tev tawm.

Tsim kom muaj ib lub txheej txheem tswj xyuas zoo tag nrho. Tswj cov khoom siv raw, cov txheej txheem, thiab cov khoom siv kom nruj. Tswj thiab kho cov khoom siv tas li, thiab ua cov kev kuaj xyuas cov qauv.

Faib cov khib nyiab xws li hlau thiab yas ua pawg thiab rov ua dua tshiab. Ua kom cov khib nyiab hlau zoo thiab siv dua lossis hlawv cov khib nyiab yas rau ib puag ncig.

Nruab cov plag tsev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob, cov rooj ua haujlwm, cov hlua khi tes, thiab lwm yam, hauv lub hoobkas. Siv cov khoom siv hauv av thiab siv cov ntim khoom tiv thaiv hluav taws xob rau cov khoom siv raw thiab cov khoom tiav ib nrab.

Tsim cov lus qhia ntxaws txog cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm dua tshiab, cob qhia cov neeg ua haujlwm ua haujlwm dua tshiab, siv cov cuab yeej thiab cov khoom siv tsim nyog, thiab tiv thaiv cov voj voog thiab cov khoom ib puag ncig.

Tswj kom lub chaw ua haujlwm huv si thiab tua kab mob tas li. Siv cov ntim khoom uas tiv taus plua plav thiab dej noo rau cov khoom siv raw thiab cov khoom tiav ib nrab, thiab siv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom huv si.

Siv cov ntim khoom tiv thaiv xws li cov hnab tiv thaiv hluav taws xob thiab cov ntaub ua npuas ncauj. Sau cov qauv khoom, ntau npaum li cas, hnub tsim khoom, thiab lwm yam.

Siv cov khoom siv tiv thaiv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv uas tsis ntse. Siv lub tshuab nqus tsev los yog cov clamps tshwj xeeb los kho. Tsis txhob rub lossis tais, thiab siv cov tais tshwj xeeb rau kev tuav.

Kev tsim qauv av tsis tsim nyog, txheej tiv thaiv puas lawm, qhov chaw tsis txaus ntawm kev xa xov, thiab impedance tsis sib xws rau cov teeb liab ceev ceev.

Cov ntaub ntawv Polyimide tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias luv luv ntawm 260 ° C. Nws raug pom zoo kom tswj qhov kub siab tshaj plaws ntawm 245 ° C-255 ° C nrog lub sijhawm kub siab ≤60 vib nas this.

Txhim kho cov txheej txheem xws li qhov siab thiab qhov kub thiab txias. Siv cov tshuab xaiv thiab tso khoom thiab cov txheej txheem tso khoom uas muaj kev ntsuas siab, thiab txhawb kev tshuaj xyuas cov khoom nkag.

Tshawb xyuas qhov hloov pauv ntawm thaj chaw fillet radius (pom zoo ≥0.5mm), zam kev sib sau ua ke ntawm kev ntxhov siab, thiab ntxiv cov phaj txhawb nqa lossis ua kom zoo dua cov txheej txheem khoov.

Xaiv cov khoom me me, nyias, thiab tsis yooj yim khoov (piv txwv li, cov chips tig, 0201 thiab cov pob me dua). Tsis txhob siv cov khoom uas muaj cov xov hlau hnyav lossis cov xov hlau hnyav.

Ua ke laser thiab mechanical drilling, siv cov qhov thiab cov hom phiaj rau kev sib phim, thiab saib xyuas lub sijhawm tiag tiag nrog AOI.

Siv X-ray los nrhiav cov qhov khoob sab hauv thiab kev sib txuas txias. Ua qhov kev sim rub thiab kev sim lub voj voog thermal los ntsuas qhov kev ntseeg tau ntawm ib puag ncig.

Raws li cov qauv IPC, ≥3 npaug ntawm qhov tuab ntawm cov substrate (piv txwv li, 0.1 hli PI substrate, pom zoo ≥0.3 hli). Saib cov txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom siv.

Xyuas qhov ntev ntawm txoj kev thiab qhov kev xav ntawm txoj kev meandering. Paub meej tias qhov sib phim impedance thiab dielectric constant ntawm cov ntaub ntawv dielectric.

Xaiv cov kua nplaum uas muaj viscosity tsim nyog, tswj qhov ntim thiab qhov chaw ntawm kev siv, thiab kho cov kev faib tawm thiab txoj kev kom tsis txhob muaj dej ntws dhau.

Tej qhov wrinkles yuav ua rau muaj qhov deformation lossis tawg me ntsis, cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm hluav taws xob thiab tshuab. Hloov lossis kho thiab rov sim dua.

Siv kev sim flying probe, ICT, lossis FCT. Ua qauv qhov tseeb ntawm cov khoom uas yoog tau thiab sim qhov tseeb ntawm cov teeb liab, voltage/current, thiab lwm yam.

≥10¹⁰Ω ntawm qhov kub thiab txias/av noo ib txwm muaj, ≥10⁸Ω tom qab 168 teev ntawm 85℃/85%RH (tus qauv IPC-6012).

Siv 1.5-2 npaug ntawm qhov hluav taws xob ntsuas rau 1-5 feeb yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj lossis flashover (piv txwv li, 75-100V rau 50V ntsuas hluav taws xob).

Ua qhov kub siab-qis (-40℃ → chav → 85℃), tuav txhua qhov kub rau 30-60 feeb, ≥50 lub voj voog, thiab tshuaj xyuas seb puas muaj qhov tawg lossis tawg.

Siv cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb los teeb lub kaum sab xis (piv txwv li, ±90°) thiab zaus (10 lub voj voog/feeb), khoov kom txog thaum tsis ua haujlwm, thiab sau cov voj voog (≥100,000 zaug).

Siv cov cuab yeej sim ya lossis cov multimeters rau kev daws teeb meem ib qho zuj zus. Ua ke nrog AOI rau kev tshawb pom qhov qhib ntawm qhov chaw thiab 金相切片 rau kev tshuaj xyuas sab hauv yog tias xav tau.

Tsis txhob nias lossis rub cov khoom uas yooj ywm. Siv cov probes uas yoog tau, phim qhov tseeb ntawm qhov chaw teeb tsa nrog lub rooj tsavxwm, thiab xyuas kom meej tias muaj cov kev ntsuas tiv thaiv hluav taws xob.

Siv rab phom cua kub los txuas cov pob qij txha uas txias/tsis muaj zog. Siv cov wick desoldering rau cov voj voog luv luv, thiab tswj qhov kub thiab sijhawm.

Rau cov khoom uas yooj ywm, siv laser micromachining los tshem tawm cov chaw puas tsuaj thiab kho nrog cov electroplating xaiv lossis cov nplaum conductive. Rau cov khoom tawv, siv cov xov hlau jumper lossis hloov cov khoom.

Rov ua dua qhov kev sim ua haujlwm thiab kev tiv thaiv rwb thaiv tsev thiab kev kuaj xyuas pom. Txhim kho cov chaw kho kom ruaj khov (siv cov txheej txheem conformal, ntxiv cov phaj txhawb nqa) thiab ua qhov kev sim ib puag ncig yog tias xav tau.

Kev kho yog pheej yig dua rau kev puas tsuaj me me; kev tsim dua tshiab zoo dua rau ntau txheej lossis kev puas tsuaj loj. Cov nqi kho yog li 30% -70% ntawm cov nqi tsim khoom.

Tiv thaiv cov chaw uas tsis tau kho nrog cov khoom siv rwb thaiv cua sov. Siv cov cuab yeej zoo, tsis ntse kom tsis txhob khawb cov khoom yooj ywm, thiab ntxuav cov khoom seem uas tsis huv.

Tus naj npawb ntawm cov txheej, qhov loj me, qhov nyuaj ntawm cov txheej txheem (piv txwv li, qhov muag tsis pom/faus, qhov impedance siab), kev xaiv cov khoom siv, qhov ntau ntawm kev txiav txim. Cov txheej txheem suav txog 30% -50%.

Txhim kho kev tsim qauv kom txo cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg thiab cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb. Xaiv cov ntaub ntawv uas pheej yig, nce qhov loj ntawm cov khoom, thiab sib tham txog cov phiaj xwm tshwj xeeb nrog cov neeg muag khoom.

10-15 hnub rau cov khoom ib txwm muaj, 20-30 hnub rau cov khoom nyuaj, thiab 5-7 hnub rau cov xaj ceev (nrog rau cov nqi nce ntxiv).

Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm qhov ceev siab dua, cov qauv tsim nyias dua thiab sib dua (piv txwv li, Anylayer HDI), cov ntaub ntawv yooj ywm nrog cov dielectric tsis tu ncua thiab kev ywj pheej siab, thiab kev sib xyaw nrog cov ntim khoom siab heev xws li SiP.

Ua kom tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm kev xa cov teeb liab zaus siab thiab ceev ceev, daws cov teeb meem attenuation thiab crosstalk, thiab txhim kho kev tiv taus khoov thiab kev ntseeg tau ntawm cov khoom hloov pauv tau.

AI ua kom zoo dua qhov kev tsim qauv thiab kwv yees qhov tsis zoo. Kev kawm ntawm lub tshuab hloov kho cov txheej txheem, thiab kev tshuaj xyuas pom ntawm AI txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev paub qhov tsis zoo.

Ua raws li RoHS, REACH, thiab lwm yam, kev txwv rau cov tshuaj phom sij, txo cov dej khib nyiab/roj, thiab kev siv cov ntaub ntawv/txheej txheem uas tsis ua rau ib puag ncig puas tsuaj.

Kev ntseeg siab siab, biocompatibility, ISO 13485 daim ntawv pov thawj, EMC cov kev cai nruj heev, thiab tiv taus kev ua kom huv si ntawm qhov kub thiab txias / siab.