Pawg Module

Kev siv tshuab ntxig qhov los ntawm qhov THT

1. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thiab cov ntsiab cai

1. Kev Siv Tshuab Through Hole (THT) yog dab tsi?

THT yog ib txoj kev siv tshuab uas ntxig cov xov hlau hluav taws xob rau hauv cov qhov ntawm PCBs thiab ua tiav kev sib txuas hluav taws xob thiab kev kho kom ruaj khov los ntawm kev siv soldering. Nws yog ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem sib dhos hluav taws xob ib txwm muaj.
2. Qhov txawv tseem ceeb ntawm THT thiab Surface Mount Technology (SMT) yog dab tsi?

- Cov khoom siv THT xav tau kev sib txuas los ntawm qhov, thaum cov khoom SMT raug teeb tsa ncaj qha rau ntawm PCB nto.

- THT muaj kev ua haujlwm tsawg dua thiab muaj chaw loj dua; SMT muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo dua thiab ceev dua (IPC cov ntaub ntawv: SMT ceev yog 3-5 npaug ntawm THT).

- THT haum rau cov khoom siv muaj zog / loj; SMT haum rau cov khoom me me / siab ceev.
3. Cov txheej txheem yooj yim ntawm THT yog dab tsi?

Kev npaj cov khoom → Kev ntxig → Kev vuam (kev vuam yoj rau kev siv dav dav, kev vuam tes / dip rau cov khoom tshwj xeeb) → Kev txiav cov hlau lead → Kev tshuaj xyuas
4. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hom twg haum rau THT?

- Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siab (piv txwv li, cov transistors fais fab, transformers, cov capacitors electrolytic loj)

- Cov khoom uas xav tau lub zog siab (piv txwv li, cov khoom sib txuas)

- Cov khoom uas muaj qhov sib nrug loj thiab qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom raug tsawg
5. Qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm txoj kab uas hla rau PCB hauv THT txheej txheem yog dab tsi?

Cov txheej txheem txheem: 0.8 hli; Cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb: 0.4 hli (nrog rau tus nqi thiab qhov nyuaj nce ntxiv)

2. Kev Tswj Xyuas Cheebtsam thiab Pin

6. Cov duab zoo li cas ntawm THT cov khoom siv leads?

- Cov xov hlau ncaj (haum rau cov tshuab ntxig tsis siv neeg)

- Cov xov hlau khoov (piv txwv li, J-hom, L-hom, txhim kho kev ruaj khov tom qab soldering)
7. Cov kev cai rau kev siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yog dab tsi?

Ib IPC-J-STD-001: Ntawm 235 ℃ ± 5 ℃, muab tso rau hauv lub lauj kaub solder rau 2-3 vib nas this, kev pab them nqi solder ≥95%
8. Yuav ua li cas thiaj txhim kho tau qhov kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom ua ke?

- Txheej hlau (piv txwv li, Sn, Ag plating)

- Siv flux ua ntej soldering kom tshem tawm cov oxide txheej thiab txhim kho wettability
9. Qhov ntev ntawm cov hlau lead uas tsim nyog rau cov khoom THT yog dab tsi?

Cov hlau txhuas tawm ntawm qhov chaw vuam PCB: 2-3 hli (luv dhau ua rau vuam tsis zoo; ntev dhau ua rau luv luv thiab xav tau kev txiav ntxiv)
10. Cov khoom siv txhuas sib txawv cuam tshuam li cas rau kev vuam?

- Tooj Liab: Kev sib txuas zoo heev, feem ntau yog siv

- Hlau: Yooj yim rau oxidation, tsis zoo solderability, xav tau kev kho tshwj xeeb

- Cov hlau sib xyaw (piv txwv li, cov hlau tooj liab): Sib npaug lub zog thiab kev sib txuas

3. Cov Rooj Tswjhwm Luam Tawm (PCB) ntsig txog

11. Cov kev cai rau cov ntaub ntawv PCB hauv THT txheej txheem yog dab tsi?

Feem ntau siv FR-4 substrate nrog Tg ≥130 ℃, muaj cov rwb thaiv hluav taws xob zoo, lub zog kho tshuab, thiab tiv taus cua sov.
12. Cov qauv kev kam rau siab rau PCB vias yog dab tsi?

- Ntawm txoj kab uas hla kev kam rau siab: ± 0.05 hli

- Qhov chaw kam rau ua: ± 0.1 hli
13. Yuav ua li cas thiaj tiv thaiv tau PCB deformation thaum lub sij hawm THT soldering?

- Xaiv cov tuab ntawm cov khoom siv uas tsim nyog (tus qauv 1.6 hli)

- Txhim kho PCB layout (zam cov cheeb tsam tooj liab loj uas muaj concentrated)

- Siv cov ntug txheej txheem thiab cov khoom siv txhawb nqa
14. Qhov roughness ntawm phab ntsa cuam tshuam li cas rau kev vuam?

Tus nqi Ra yuav tsum tau tswj hwm ntawm 1.6-3.2μm: Kev ntxhib ntau dhau ua rau cov khoom tsis zoo; du dhau ua rau cov dej ntub
15. Cov kev cai tshwj xeeb rau cov PCBs ntau txheej hauv THT yog dab tsi?

- Yuav tsum tau ua kom meej meej interlayer sib dhos (feem ntau yog ua los ntawm CNC drilling)

- Ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov txheej rwb thaiv tsev thaum lub sijhawm vuam kom tsis txhob muaj luv luv

4. Txheej Txheem Vuam - Wave Soldering

16. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev siv soldering yog dab tsi?

Lub twj tso kua nplaum yuav ua rau cov kua nplaum uas yaj lawm ntws mus rau hauv ib nthwv dej, thiab cov PCB/cov hlau txuas yuav raug kua nplaum thaum hla dhau nthwv dej. Kev kua nplaum ob nthwv dej yuav txo qhov txuas thiab cov pob qij txha txias.
17. Qhov kub ntawm cov khoom siv solder rau kev siv wave soldering yog dab tsi?

- Sn63Pb37 (ua los ntawm txhuas): 245 ℃ -255 ℃

- Sn96.5Ag3.0Cu0.5 (tsis muaj txhuas): 255 ℃ -265 ℃
18. Lub sijhawm soldering ib txwm muaj rau kev soldering nthwv dej yog dab tsi?

Lub sijhawm sib cuag ntawm cov hlau lead thiab nthwv dej: 2-4 vib nas this (luv dhau ua rau kev vuam tsis zoo; ntev dhau ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov khoom lossis PCB deformation)
19. Yuav ua li cas kho qhov siab ntawm nthwv dej hauv kev siv nthwv dej soldering?

Qhov siab ntawm nthwv dej: 1/2-2/3 ntawm PCB tuab (kho los ntawm kev ntws thiab siab ntawm lub twj tso kua nplaum; siab dhau ua rau txuas, qis dhau ua rau tsis txaus soldering)
20. Cov txheej txheem thov flux hauv kev siv wave soldering thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv yog dab tsi?

- Tshuaj tsuag: Siv tsawg, sib xws, tsim rau siab
-kev vuam zoo meej

- Ua npuas ncauj: Muaj zog heev, haum rau tuab
-cov yeeb yaj kiab circuits

- Wave: Kev ua haujlwm siab, pov tseg siab

5. Cov Txheej Txheem Vuam - Kev Vuam Tes thiab Lwm Yam

21. Yuav ua li cas tswj qhov kub thiab lub sijhawm rau kev siv tes soldering ntawm THT Cheebtsam?

Kub ntawm cov hlau soldering: 300 ℃ -350 ℃; ib qho pob qij txha: 2-3 vib nas this (zam kev puas tsuaj los ntawm qhov kub siab)
22. Cov yam ntxwv thiab daim ntawv thov ntawm dip soldering yog dab tsi?

Cov yam ntxwv: Ua haujlwm tau zoo tab sis yooj yim rau kev sib txuas; Daim ntawv thov: Kev tsim khoom ntau ntawm cov PCBs yooj yim nrog qhov sib nrug loj
23. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev xaiv soldering yog dab tsi?

Kev siv soldering rau thaj chaw tshwj xeeb, zam kev cuam tshuam rau lwm thaj chaw. Haum rau cov laug cam THT/SMT sib xyaw kom txo cov teebmeem soldering nthwv dej rau cov khoom SMT.
24. Puas siv tau reflow soldering rau cov khoom THT?

Kev siv reflow soldering feem ntau yog rau SMT. Nws tuaj yeem siv rau cov rooj plaub THT tshwj xeeb (piv txwv li, cov khoom me me / ob peb lub txhuas nrog cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb), tab sis tsis yog cov khoom siv dav dav.
25. Cov kev xav tau ntawm cov khoom siv solder rau cov txheej txheem soldering sib txawv yog dab tsi?

- Wave soldering: High fluidity, oxidation tsis kam

- Kev siv tes soldering: Nruab nrab melting point, zoo wettability

- Dip soldering: Kev them nyiaj muaj zog

- Cov hom kev siv ntau: Wave/dip soldering siv cov solder bars; manual soldering siv cov solder wire

6. Kev Sib Txuas thiab Flux

26. Cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke ntawm THT solders yog dab tsi?

Cov khoom siv solder feem ntau suav nrog tin-lead (Sn63Pb37, eutectic point 183 ℃) thiab lead-free (piv txwv li, Sn96.5Ag3.0Cu0.5, melting point 217 ℃). Cov khoom siv solder tsis muaj lead tau raug siv ntau dua vim yog ib puag ncig.
27. Qhov sib txawv ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj hlau lead thiab cov hlau lead yog dab tsi?

Cov hlau nplaum uas tsis muaj hmoov txhuas muaj qhov kub yaj siab dua 30-40 ℃ thiab qhov tsis ntub dej, xav tau qhov kub thiab txias dua thiab kev ua haujlwm raug, tab sis ua raws li cov qauv RoHS.
28. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov dej ntws yog dab tsi?

Tshem tawm cov oxides ntawm cov nplaim soldering, txo cov kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov nplaim solder, txhim kho kev ntub dej, thiab tiv thaiv kev rov ua dua thaum lub sijhawm soldering.
29. Cov theem kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kua dej raug faib ua pawg li cas?

Raws li IPC-J-STD-001, muab faib ua R (tsis ua haujlwm), RMA (kev ua haujlwm nruab nrab), thiab RA (ua haujlwm). Kev ua haujlwm siab dua yuav ua rau kev tshem tawm cov oxide ploj mus tab sis yuav ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev xeb ntxiv.
30. Cov teebmeem ntawm cov flux residues rau ntawm cov circuits yog dab tsi?

Tej zaum yuav ua rau luv luv circuits, to, lossis xeb ntawm cov Cheebtsam / PCBs los ntawm cov khoom seem uas muaj zog heev, feem ntau xav tau kev ntxuav tom qab soldering.

7. Cov Khoom Siv thiab Cov Cuab Yeej Siv

31. Cov hom tshuab ntxig tsis siv neeg tseem ceeb yog dab tsi?

Cov hom tseem ceeb: kab rov tav (haum rau cov khoom axial xws li resistors) thiab ntsug (haum rau cov khoom radial xws li electrolytic capacitors).
32. Qhov tseeb ntawm kev ntxig cov tshuab ntxig tsis siv neeg yog dab tsi?

Cov tshuab niaj hnub ua tiav qhov tseeb ± 0.1 hli, tsim nyog rau feem ntau ntawm THT Cheebtsam.
33. Kev saib xyuas txhua hnub ntawm cov tshuab soldering nthwv dej suav nrog dab tsi?

Kev ntxuav cov lauj kaub solder tsis tu ncua, hloov cov solder, kev ntsuas qhov kub/qhov siab ntawm nthwv dej, kev ntxuav lub cev flux, thiab kev siv lubrication.
34. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau kev xaiv thiab siv cov cuab yeej soldering tes yog dab tsi?

Xaiv cov hlau soldering 30W-60W nrog ntau yam duab ntawm lub taub hau; muab lub hau ntsaws rau hauv ua ntej siv kom tiv thaiv kev oxidation.
35. Cov khoom siv twg feem ntau siv rau hauv cov txheej txheem THT?

Xws li cov khoom siv rau PCB, cov khoom tuav, thiab cov khoom siv soldering kom ntseeg tau tias qhov chaw raug thiab ruaj khov.

8. Kev tswj xyuas zoo thiab kev tshuaj xyuas qhov tsis zoo

36. Cov teeb meem feem ntau tshwm sim hauv THT soldering yog dab tsi?

Cov pob qij txha txias, txuas, tsis txaus solder, pob solder, thiab lwm yam. Cov pob qij txha txias yog hais txog kev sib txuas hluav taws xob tsis zoo; kev txuas ua rau luv luv ntawm cov pads.
37. Cov ua rau mob pob qij txha thiab cov kev daws teeb meem yog dab tsi?

Ua rau: Cov hlau xaim oxidized, tsis txaus solder, kub/lub sijhawm tsis raug, cov dej ntws tsawg. Cov kev daws teeb meem: Ntxuav cov hlau xaim, kho cov kev teeb tsa, xaiv cov dej ntws tsim nyog.
38. Cov ua rau thiab cov kev tiv thaiv rau kev txuas hniav yog dab tsi?

Ua rau: Siv cov khoom siv vuam ntau dhau, qhov siab ntawm nthwv dej siab, qhov sib nrug ntawm cov hlau lead me me, cov flux tsis sib npaug. Kev tiv thaiv: Ua kom qhov ntim ntawm cov khoom siv vuam zoo dua, qhov siab ntawm nthwv dej, kev tsim PCB, thiab kev siv flux zoo dua.
39. Yuav ua li cas los xyuas qhov zoo ntawm THT soldering?

Kev tshuaj xyuas pom (AOI), X-ray (AXI), kev sim hauv-circuit (ICT). Kev tshuaj xyuas pom rau qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov chaw; X-ray rau cov pob qij txha txias sab hauv.
40. Cov qauv zoo rau THT soldering yog dab tsi?

Raws li IPC-A-610, cov pob qij txha yuav tsum du, tsis muaj qhov tawg, nrog ≥95% kev npog txhuas thiab kev sib txuas hluav taws xob txhim khu kev qha.

9. Kev Tiv Thaiv Ib Puag Ncig thiab Kev Nyab Xeeb

41. Cov kev cai ib puag ncig rau cov txheej txheem THT yog dab tsi?

Ua raws li RoHS cov lus qhia kom txwv tsis pub muaj cov tshuaj lom; ntxuav cov pa phem; rov ua dua cov khib nyiab solder thiab flux kom zoo.
42. Cov neeg ua haujlwm soldering uas tsis muaj txhuas muaj cov kev cai tshwj xeeb dab tsi?

Hnav cov hnab looj tes thiab cov tsom iav uas tiv taus cua sov; mus kuaj xyuas kev noj qab haus huv tsis tu ncua kom tiv thaiv kev kub hnyiab thiab kev ua pa roj lom.
43. Yuav ua li cas pov tseg cov khib nyiab solder thiab flux hauv cov txheej txheem THT?

Cov khoom siv solder pov tseg yuav tsum tau rov ua dua los ntawm cov tuam txhab tsim nyog; cov dej khib nyiab (tshuaj lom neeg) yuav tsum tau kaw thiab tuav los ntawm cov tuam txhab pov tseg phom sij.
44. Cov kev cai ntawm qhov cua rau cov chaw ua haujlwm vuam yog dab tsi?

Tswj kom muaj cua nkag tau zoo kom ntseeg tau tias cov pa phem nyob hauv qab qhov txwv ntawm kev ua haujlwm, nrog rau kev hloov pauv huab cua ≥12 zaug hauv ib teev.
45. Cov kev ceev faj txog kev nyab xeeb rau cov tshuaj siv hauv cov txheej txheem THT yog dab tsi?

Cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab lwm yam tshuaj lom neeg yooj yim hlawv; khaws cia kom deb ntawm cov chaw hluav taws. Yog tias muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg uas ua rau kub hnyiab, yaug tam sim ntawd tom qab kov thiab khaws cia/siv raws li cov lus qhia.

10. Kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem thiab kev tswj tus nqi

46. Yuav ua li cas thiaj txhim kho THT cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm tau zoo?

Txhim kho qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm kev ntxig, siv cov tshuab ua haujlwm ceev ceev, ua kom cov txheej txheem ntws tau zoo, thiab txhim kho kev ruaj khov ntawm cov khoom siv.
47. Cov nqi tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem THT yog dab tsi?

Cov Cheebtsam, PCB, cov khoom siv solder/flux, kev poob nqi/kev saib xyuas cov khoom siv, cov nqi ua haujlwm, thiab cov nqi tshuaj xyuas.
48. Yuav ua li cas thiaj txo tau cov nqi tsim khoom ntawm THT?

Kev yuav khoom ntau ntau los txo cov nqi ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw, ua kom zoo dua qhov kev tsim PCB kom txo cov khib nyiab, txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig kom txo tau kev ua haujlwm dua, thiab siv cov peev txheej los faib ua kom raug.
49. Tus nqi ntawm THT piv rau SMT li cas?

THT muaj kev nqis peev tsawg dua rau cov khoom siv tab sis cov nqi zog/khoom siv siab dua. SMT muaj cov nqi khoom siv siab dua tab sis kev ua haujlwm zoo/ceev dua, ua rau cov nqi khoom siv ntev dua.
50. Yuav ua li cas thiaj txhim kho THT soldering cov txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev ua kom zoo dua?

Tswj qhov kub thiab txias, lub sijhawm, thiab qhov ntim dej kom meej; txhawb kev tshuaj xyuas cov khoom tuaj; kev saib xyuas cov khoom siv tsis tu ncua; kev cob qhia tus neeg teb xov tooj.

11. Cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb thiab cov txheej txheem sib xyaw

51. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke THT / SMT yog dab tsi?

Ua ke THT qhov kev tsim nyog rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siab nrog SMT qhov kev ua kom me me, ua tau raws li cov kev xav tau tsim hluav taws xob nyuaj.
52. Cov txheej txheem rau kev sib xyaw ua ke THT / SMT yog dab tsi?

Ua ntej, muab SMT tso rau hauv, tom qab ntawd muab THT ntxig thiab muab soldering (yoj lossis xaiv soldering). Xyuas kom cov khoom SMT tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub ntawm THT soldering.
53. Yuav ua li cas thiaj tiv thaiv tau qhov SMT Cheebtsam tawg thaum lub sijhawm soldering hauv cov txheej txheem sib xyaw?

Siv cov nplaum kub siab los kho cov khoom SMT, kho cov kev teeb tsa soldering nthwv dej kom txo qhov cuam tshuam, thiab siv ob-nthwv dej rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm nthwv dej.
54. THT muaj cov kev cai tshwj xeeb dab tsi rau cov ntawv thov kev ntseeg siab?

Cov khoom zoo dua, PCBs, thiab cov solders; kev tswj hwm cov txheej txheem soldering nruj; cov kauj ruam tshuaj xyuas ntxiv; tej zaum yuav siv cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb xws li lub tshuab nqus tsev soldering.
55. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev tswj xyuas zoo rau THT hauv kev siv tub rog yog dab tsi?

Ua raws li cov qauv tub rog (piv txwv li, GJB), kev tshuaj xyuas cov khoom siv raw 100%, cov txheej txheem soldering uas taug qab tau, thiab kev sim siab heev (X-ray/ultrasonic).

12. Cov Txuj Ci Tshiab thiab Kev Txhim Kho Yav Tom Ntej

56. Cov qauv kev loj hlob yav tom ntej ntawm THT yog dab tsi?

Tsiv mus rau kev siv tshuab thiab kev txawj ntse, kev sib koom ua ke cov ntaub ntawv tshiab thiab cov txheej txheem kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm lub zog siab dua / kev sib dhos ntau dua.
57. Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm 3D luam ntawv rau THT yog dab tsi?

Ua rau muaj peev xwm tsim cov PCBs thiab cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb sai, txo lub sijhawm tsim khoom thiab cov nqi tsim khoom tsawg.
58. Cov kev cia siab ntawm AI hauv THT yog dab tsi?

Cov ntawv thov hauv kev kho kom zoo dua ntawm cov khoom siv soldering, kev kuaj pom qhov tsis zoo, thiab kev kwv yees qhov ua tsis tiav ntawm cov khoom siv los txhim kho kev txawj ntse.
59. Cov ntaub ntawv solder tshiab tsav THT txoj kev loj hlob li cas?

Cov khoom siv solders tshiab (piv txwv li, qhov kub qis, kev ua haujlwm thermal siab) ua tau raws li qhov xav tau tshwj xeeb thiab nthuav dav THT lub scope.
60. Cov kev cai ntsuab coj cov teeb meem thiab cov cib fim dab tsi los rau THT?

Cov Teeb Meem: Xav tau cov ntaub ntawv/txheej txheem uas tsis ua rau ib puag ncig puas tsuaj. Cov cib fim: Tsav kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis thiab kev xav tau tshiab ntawm kev ua lag luam.

13. Kev hloov kho qhov txheej txheem

61. Yuav ua li cas kho cov kev teeb tsa nthwv dej rau cov pob qij txha txias ntau zaus?

Feem ntau cov pob qij txha txias yog vim tsis txaus qhov kub/lub sijhawm. Ua kom qhov kub ntawm cov khoom siv solder nce ntxiv 5-10 ℃ thiab lub sijhawm sib cuag los ntawm 0.5-1 vib nas this, maj mam ua kom zoo dua.
62. Qhov kev sib sau ua ke ntawm cov flux cuam tshuam li cas rau qhov zoo ntawm kev vuam? Yuav kho li cas?

Kev sib xyaw tsawg ua rau cov pob qij txha txias; kev sib xyaw ntau ua rau muaj cov khoom seem ntau dhau. Saib xyuas qhov hnyav tshwj xeeb: ntxiv cov concentrate yog tias qis, diluent yog tias siab, kom tswj tau qhov ua tiav.
63. Qhov ceev ntawm kev ntxig rau hauv lub tshuab puas cuam tshuam li cas rau qhov zoo ntawm cov tshuab tsis siv neeg?

Kev khiav ceev dhau ua rau tsis sib haum lossis cov hlau lead puas; kev khiav qeeb ua rau kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo. Txheeb xyuas qhov ceev zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm kev sim tsim khoom kom sib npaug qhov zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm tau zoo.
64. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ua ntej hauv THT soldering yog dab tsi? Yuav teeb tsa nws li cas?

Kev ua kom sov ua ntej yuav tshem tawm cov dej noo, txo cov kev ntxhov siab thermal, thiab txhim kho qhov ntub dej. Teem rau ntawm 100-150 ℃, kho rau cov khoom siv PCB, tuab, thiab cov khoom tiv taus cua sov.
65. Qhov kub thiab txias ntawm ib puag ncig cuam tshuam li cas rau THT soldering?

Rau txhua qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ib puag ncig 10 ℃, kho qhov kub ntawm kev sib txuas los ntawm 3-5 ℃. Qhov kub qis ua rau kev sib txuas tsis yooj yim; qhov kub siab ua rau cov kua dej ua kom sai dua. Ua kom cov PCBs sov hauv qab 15 ℃.
66. Yuav ua li cas thiaj tiv thaiv tau PCB pad detachment hauv THT?

Txwv lub sijhawm soldering rau 2-4 vib nas this, tsis txhob rov soldering dua; siv cov PCBs nrog Tg≥130 ℃; tshem tawm cov solder nrog cov phom cua kub qis (≤350 ℃) thiab cov tshuaj nplaum flux, txo cov pad detachment los ntawm >80%.
67. Yuav ua li cas los ntsuam xyuas THT solder joint qaug zog tsis kam?

Kev sim lub voj voog kub (-40 ℃ ~ 125 ℃, 500 lub voj voog) los soj ntsuam qhov tawg tawm; SEM rau kev tshuaj xyuas microstructure. Lub neej qaug zog yuav tsum ua tau raws li 3x tus qauv kev nyab xeeb.
68. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev tiv thaiv nitrogen hauv THT soldering thiab nws cov ntawv thov yog dab tsi?

14. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov txheej txheem thiab kev daws teeb meem

69. Yuav ua li cas thiaj li kov tau cov seem dub ntawm THT solder joints?

Cov seem dub feem ntau yog cov pa roj carbonization. Siv cov pa roj uas tsis muaj zog, nce qhov kub ua ntej kom sov li ntawm 10-15 ℃, lossis ntxuav nrog isopropyl cawv rau cov mob hnyav.
70. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm ob lub nthwv dej hauv THT nthwv dej soldering yog dab tsi?

Cov nthwv dej turbulent (A-wave) ntxuav cov xov hlau thiab txhim kho kev nkag mus rau hauv cov hlau solder; cov nthwv dej du (B-wave) ua rau cov pob qij txha zoo li qub thiab tshem tawm kev sib txuas. Qhov siab piv pom zoo ntawm 1:1.2-1:1.5.
71. Qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov ceev ntawm lub tshuab thauj khoom cuam tshuam li cas rau qhov zoo ntawm THT soldering?

Kev hloov pauv ceev >±5% ua rau lub sijhawm vuam tsis sib xws, ua rau txias lossis vuam ntau dhau. Siv kev tswj hwm servo kaw-loop kom txwv kev hloov pauv hauv ±1%.
72. Yuav ua li cas ntsuas qhov hluav taws xob tiv taus ntawm THT solder pob qij txha?

Siv lub micro-ohmmeter nrog 1A qhov hluav taws xob tas mus li los ntsuas qhov hluav taws xob poob. Kev tiv thaiv kev sib cuag yuav tsum yog ≤5mΩ (≤1mΩ rau cov pob qij txha uas muaj hluav taws xob siab).
73. Cov kev cai tshwj xeeb rau THT hauv EV charging piles yog dab tsi?

Yuav tsum tau muaj kev tiv thaiv IP67, tiv taus 85 ℃ / 85% RH av noo laus rau 1000 teev; cov davhlau ya nyob twg siab yuav tsum muaj ≤0.5mΩ tiv taus kev sib cuag thiab ≥50N lub zog tensile.

15. Cov txheej txheem thiab kev saib xyuas khoom siv

74. Kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov khoom khov thiab THT soldering yog dab tsi?

Feem ntau cov khoom khov muaj li ntawm 10% -25%. Cov khoom khov ntau ua rau cov khoom seem ntau ntxiv; cov khoom khov tsawg ua rau cov oxide raug tshem tawm. 15% -20% yog qhov pom zoo rau kev siv cov hlau tsis muaj hlau lead.
75. Yuav ua li cas los daws qhov teeb meem ntawm qhov khoom tom qab ntxig THT?

Xyuas lub qhov nqus cua siab (0.4-0.6MPa), kho qhov tseeb ntawm qhov chaw pub mis (qhov yuam kev ≤0.1mm), thiab siv cov nplaum uas tau kho ua ntej rau cov khoom hnyav.
76. Yuav ua li cas tsim qhov loj ntawm PCB solder mask rau THT?

Qhov qhib yuav tsum loj dua 0.1-0.2 hli dua li cov ntaub qhwv ntawm txhua sab kom tiv thaiv kev ua qias tuaj ntawm lub ntsej muag thiab txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig los ntawm ~ 15%.
77. Cov kev kuaj xyuas txhua hnub tseem ceeb rau cov khoom siv THT yog dab tsi?

Xim xyuas qhov kub ntawm lub lauj kaub solder (±3℃), qhov concentration ntawm flux (±5% fluctuation), qhov siab ntawm nthwv dej (1.5-2.5mm), qhov nro ntawm lub conveyor (20-30N), thiab qhov tsis kam ntawm av (≤4Ω).
78. Yuav ua li cas thiaj paub qhov teeb meem ntawm THT solder los ntawm AOI?

Teem cov kev teeb tsa rau cov duab sib koom ua ke, xim, lub kaum sab xis ntub (≤30°), thiab siv kev kawm tshuab rau ≥95% tus nqi kuaj pom qhov tsis zoo.

16. Cov Ntawv Thov Tshwj Xeeb thiab Kev Ntseeg Tau

79. Cov kev cai tshwj xeeb rau kev siv cov hlau lead soldering hauv THT yog dab tsi?

Siv kev sib txuas hla rau ntau txoj hlua, txuas lub sijhawm sib txuas mus rau 4-6s; siv cov hlau nplaum uas muaj nyiaj (piv txwv li, Sn96.5Ag3.0Cu0.5) nrog kev tiv taus thermal ≤3℃/W.
80. Qhov siab cuam tshuam li cas rau THT soldering?

Rau txhua qhov siab nce 1000m, qhov siab ntawm huab cua poob 10%, qhov kub ntawm cov hlau nplaum poob 5-8 ℃. Txo qhov kub ntawm cov hlau nplaum thiab ua rau muaj kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov dej ntws.
81. Yuav ua li cas thiaj li kov yeej qhov kev ntxig ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke hauv THT?

Siv cov khoom siv kho kom haum lossis cov neeg hlau pom kev qhia rau qhov tseeb ± 0.02 hli; ua ntej cov xov hlau tsis sib xws rau qhov haum tseeb.
82. Vim li cas cov pob qij txha THT thiaj li dawb thiab yuav kho nws li cas?

Cov pob dawb yog vim muaj cov khoom tsis huv (piv txwv li, zinc) lossis kub dhau (> 270 ℃). Hloov cov solder thiab tswj qhov kub ntawm 230-260 ℃.
83. Kev kho txhua xyoo ntawm cov khoom siv THT suav nrog dab tsi?

Calibrate qhov kub thiab txias profile (±5℃), qhov siab ntawm nthwv dej (±0.1mm), qhov ntim ntawm cov dej ntws (±10%), thiab lub sijhawm (±0.1s) rau cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb.

17. Kev Tswj Xyuas Zoo thiab Cov Qauv Kev Lag Luam

84. Yuav ua li cas xam THT thawj zaug dhau cov txiaj ntsig?

Cov txiaj ntsig dhau thawj zaug = (Tag nrho cov chav - Cov chav ua tsis tiav thawj zaug) / Tag nrho cov chav × 100%. Qib zoo heev ≥98%.
85. Cov kev cai ntawm daim ntawv pov thawj rau THT hauv cov khoom siv teeb liab tsheb ciav hlau yog dab tsi?

Yuav tsum tau daim ntawv pov thawj EN 50121 EMC thiab EN 50155 kev ntseeg siab rau ib puag ncig. Cov pob qij txha vuam yuav tsum dhau qhov kev sim kev co 5-50Hz / 2g rau 3 teev.
86. Qhov nqes ntawm PCB preheat cuam tshuam li cas rau qhov zoo ntawm THT soldering?

Pom zoo kom ua kom qhov nqes hav sov ua ntej ntawm 1-3℃/s. Qhov nqes hav ntau dhau ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab ntawm thermal; qhov nqes hav tsis txaus yuav txo qhov ua haujlwm ntawm flux. Qhov nqes hav kom raug yuav txo qhov tsis zoo los ntawm 20%.
87. Yuav ua li cas los ntsuam xyuas qhov ua tau ntawm THT solders?

Siv qhov kev sim ntsuas qhov sib npaug ntawm cov dej noo: Sn-Pb solder yuav tsum ncav cuag lub zog ntub siab tshaj plaws ≤2s ntawm 235 ℃, lossis lub kaum sab xis ntub ≤25 ° rau kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws.
88. Yuav ua li cas thiaj tiv thaiv tau qhov xoob ntawm cov khoom sib txuas hauv THT?

Siv cov tshuaj xauv xov (piv txwv li, Loctite 243) rau 10-15N・m tiv thaiv kev xoob, lossis siv cov latches kho tshuab rau kev tiv thaiv kev co.

18. Kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem thiab cov thev naus laus zis tshiab

89. Qhov zaus soldering cuam tshuam li cas rau kev ntseeg siab ntawm THT sib koom ua ke?

Kev siv vuam ntau zaus >3 zaug ua rau cov txheej hlau sib txuas tuab dua 50% thiab txo lub neej qaug zog los ntawm 60%. Txwv tsis pub siv ≤2 zaug siv vuam rau ib qho pob qij txha.
90. Yuav ua li cas xam tus nqi tsim cov solder dross hauv THT?

Tus nqi ntawm cov khib nyiab = (Tag nrho cov khoom siv vuam - Cov khoom siv vuam zoo) / Tag nrho cov khoom siv vuam × 100%. Kev tswj hwm ib txwm ≤3% -5%.
91. Cov kev cai huv rau THT hauv cov khoom siv tub rog yog dab tsi?

Yuav tsum ua tau raws li MIL-P-28809 cov qauv nrog rau qhov chaw ionic paug ≤1.0μg / cm², kuaj los ntawm ion chromatography kom tiv thaiv kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw electrochemical.
92. Yuav ua li cas thiaj ua kom qhov txias txias dua hauv THT nthwv dej soldering?

Kev txias kom nrawm li ntawm 3-5 ℃/s. Ceev dhau ua rau tawg; qeeb dhau ua rau tsis ua haujlwm zoo. Siv cua txias thiab dej kom tswj tau qhov tseeb.
93. THT tuaj yeem sib xyaw nrog cov thev naus laus zis soldering tshiab (piv txwv li, laser soldering) qhov twg?

Hauv cov laug cam sib xyaw ua ke uas muaj cov ntom ntom siab, siv laser soldering rau SMT thiab wave soldering rau cov khoom siv THT uas muaj zog heev; lossis laser rework rau kev kho qhov tsis zoo ntawm THT.

Kev siv tshuab ntxig qhov los ntawm qhov THT

1. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thiab cov ntsiab cai

1. Kev Siv Tshuab Through Hole (THT) yog dab tsi?

2. Qhov txawv tseem ceeb ntawm THT thiab Surface Mount Technology (SMT) yog dab tsi?

3. Cov txheej txheem yooj yim ntawm THT yog dab tsi?

4. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hom twg haum rau THT?

5. Qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm txoj kab uas hla rau PCB hauv THT txheej txheem yog dab tsi?

2. Kev Tswj Xyuas Cheebtsam thiab Pin

6. Cov duab zoo li cas ntawm THT cov khoom siv leads?

7. Cov kev cai rau kev siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yog dab tsi?

8. Yuav ua li cas thiaj txhim kho tau qhov kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom ua ke?

9. Qhov ntev ntawm cov hlau lead uas tsim nyog rau cov khoom THT yog dab tsi?

10. Cov khoom siv txhuas sib txawv cuam tshuam li cas rau kev vuam?

3. Cov Rooj Tswjhwm Luam Tawm (PCB) ntsig txog

11. Cov kev cai rau cov ntaub ntawv PCB hauv THT txheej txheem yog dab tsi?

12. Cov qauv kev kam rau siab rau PCB vias yog dab tsi?

13. Yuav ua li cas thiaj tiv thaiv tau PCB deformation thaum lub sij hawm THT soldering?

14. Qhov roughness ntawm phab ntsa cuam tshuam li cas rau kev vuam?

15. Cov kev cai tshwj xeeb rau cov PCBs ntau txheej hauv THT yog dab tsi?

4. Txheej Txheem Vuam - Wave Soldering

16. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev siv soldering yog dab tsi?

17. Qhov kub ntawm cov khoom siv solder rau kev siv wave soldering yog dab tsi?

18. Lub sijhawm soldering ib txwm muaj rau kev soldering nthwv dej yog dab tsi?

19. Yuav ua li cas kho qhov siab ntawm nthwv dej hauv kev siv nthwv dej soldering?

20. Cov txheej txheem thov flux hauv kev siv wave soldering thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv yog dab tsi?

5. Cov Txheej Txheem Vuam - Kev Vuam Tes thiab Lwm Yam

21. Yuav ua li cas tswj qhov kub thiab lub sijhawm rau kev siv tes soldering ntawm THT Cheebtsam?

22. Cov yam ntxwv thiab daim ntawv thov ntawm dip soldering yog dab tsi?

23. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev xaiv soldering yog dab tsi?

24. Puas siv tau reflow soldering rau cov khoom THT?

25. Cov kev xav tau ntawm cov khoom siv solder rau cov txheej txheem soldering sib txawv yog dab tsi?

6. Kev Sib Txuas thiab Flux

26. Cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke ntawm THT solders yog dab tsi?

27. Qhov sib txawv ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj hlau lead thiab cov hlau lead yog dab tsi?

28. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov dej ntws yog dab tsi?

29. Cov theem kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kua dej raug faib ua pawg li cas?

30. Cov teebmeem ntawm cov flux residues rau ntawm cov circuits yog dab tsi?

7. Cov Khoom Siv thiab Cov Cuab Yeej Siv

31. Cov hom tshuab ntxig tsis siv neeg tseem ceeb yog dab tsi?

32. Qhov tseeb ntawm kev ntxig cov tshuab ntxig tsis siv neeg yog dab tsi?

33. Kev saib xyuas txhua hnub ntawm cov tshuab soldering nthwv dej suav nrog dab tsi?

34. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau kev xaiv thiab siv cov cuab yeej soldering tes yog dab tsi?

35. Cov khoom siv twg feem ntau siv rau hauv cov txheej txheem THT?

8. Kev tswj xyuas zoo thiab kev tshuaj xyuas qhov tsis zoo

36. Cov teeb meem feem ntau tshwm sim hauv THT soldering yog dab tsi?

37. Cov ua rau mob pob qij txha thiab cov kev daws teeb meem yog dab tsi?

38. Cov ua rau thiab cov kev tiv thaiv rau kev txuas hniav yog dab tsi?

39. Yuav ua li cas los xyuas qhov zoo ntawm THT soldering?

40. Cov qauv zoo rau THT soldering yog dab tsi?

9. Kev Tiv Thaiv Ib Puag Ncig thiab Kev Nyab Xeeb

41. Cov kev cai ib puag ncig rau cov txheej txheem THT yog dab tsi?

42. Cov neeg ua haujlwm soldering uas tsis muaj txhuas muaj cov kev cai tshwj xeeb dab tsi?

43. Yuav ua li cas pov tseg cov khib nyiab solder thiab flux hauv cov txheej txheem THT?

44. Cov kev cai ntawm qhov cua rau cov chaw ua haujlwm vuam yog dab tsi?

45. Cov kev ceev faj txog kev nyab xeeb rau cov tshuaj siv hauv cov txheej txheem THT yog dab tsi?

10. Kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem thiab kev tswj tus nqi

46. ​​Yuav ua li cas thiaj txhim kho THT cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm tau zoo?

47. Cov nqi tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem THT yog dab tsi?

48. Yuav ua li cas thiaj txo tau cov nqi tsim khoom ntawm THT?

49. Tus nqi ntawm THT piv rau SMT li cas?

50. Yuav ua li cas thiaj txhim kho THT soldering cov txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev ua kom zoo dua?

11. Cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb thiab cov txheej txheem sib xyaw

51. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke THT / SMT yog dab tsi?

52. Cov txheej txheem rau kev sib xyaw ua ke THT / SMT yog dab tsi?

53. Yuav ua li cas thiaj tiv thaiv tau qhov SMT Cheebtsam tawg thaum lub sijhawm soldering hauv cov txheej txheem sib xyaw?

54. THT muaj cov kev cai tshwj xeeb dab tsi rau cov ntawv thov kev ntseeg siab?

55. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev tswj xyuas zoo rau THT hauv kev siv tub rog yog dab tsi?

12. Cov Txuj Ci Tshiab thiab Kev Txhim Kho Yav Tom Ntej

56. Cov qauv kev loj hlob yav tom ntej ntawm THT yog dab tsi?

57. Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm 3D luam ntawv rau THT yog dab tsi?

58. Cov kev cia siab ntawm AI hauv THT yog dab tsi?

59. Cov ntaub ntawv solder tshiab tsav THT txoj kev loj hlob li cas?

60. Cov kev cai ntsuab coj cov teeb meem thiab cov cib fim dab tsi los rau THT?

13. Kev hloov kho qhov txheej txheem

61. Yuav ua li cas kho cov kev teeb tsa nthwv dej rau cov pob qij txha txias ntau zaus?

62. Qhov kev sib sau ua ke ntawm cov flux cuam tshuam li cas rau qhov zoo ntawm kev vuam? Yuav kho li cas?

63. Qhov ceev ntawm kev ntxig rau hauv lub tshuab puas cuam tshuam li cas rau qhov zoo ntawm cov tshuab tsis siv neeg?

64. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ua ntej hauv THT soldering yog dab tsi? Yuav teeb tsa nws li cas?

65. Qhov kub thiab txias ntawm ib puag ncig cuam tshuam li cas rau THT soldering?

66. Yuav ua li cas thiaj tiv thaiv tau PCB pad detachment hauv THT?

46. Yuav ua li cas thiaj txhim kho THT cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm tau zoo?