Magulu a Magawo

PCB yosinthasintha

1. Kodi m'lifupi/kutalika kwa mzere wocheperako wa PCB yosinthasintha ndi kotani?

Wamba: 30μm/30μm; njira yapamwamba: 12μm/12μm (muyezo wa IPC-2223)
2. Kodi ma board osinthasintha amatha kupindika kangati?

Chitsulo cha polyester: ~ nthawi 100,000; chitsulo cha polyimide: ≥ nthawi 1,000,000
3. Kodi kutentha kwa PCB yosinthasintha ndi kotani?

Chigawo cha polyimide: -196℃ mpaka +260℃; gawo la polyester: -55℃ mpaka +150℃
4. Kodi mungawerengere bwanji utali wopindika wa ma board osinthasintha?

Zonse: R≥3×makulidwe a bolodi; ntchito zapadera: R=1.5×makulidwe a bolodi
5. Kodi PCB yosinthasintha imayamwa madzi bwanji?

Polyimide:
6. Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga bolodi losinthasintha?

Polyimide (PI), polyester (PET), polymer yamadzimadzi ya kristalo (LCP)
7. Kodi chokhazikika cha dielectric cha ma board osinthasintha ndi chiyani?

Polyimide: εr≈3.5; PET: εr≈3.2
8. Kodi mungapewe bwanji kusokonekera kwa bolodi losinthasintha?

Mbiri ya kutentha kwa lamination; polyimide lamination: 280-320℃
9. Kodi specifications za makulidwe a board copper foil ndi ziti?

Wofala: 18μm, 35μm, 70μm; osachepera: 9μm
10. Kodi PCB yosinthasintha yomwe imatha kupirira ndi yotani?

18μm foil yamkuwa: ~20A/mm²
11. Kodi mungayese bwanji kupindika kwa ma board osinthasintha?

Mayeso opindika a njinga motsatira muyezo wa ASTM D2176
12. Kodi njira zochizira pamwamba pa bolodi losinthasintha ndi ziti?

Golide wothira nikeli wopanda ma electroless (ENIG), chitini chothira, OSP; ENIG: Ni 3-5μm, Au 0.05-0.1μm
13. Kodi kutentha koyenera kwa SMT soldering boards ndi kotani?

Kutentha kwapamwamba kwambiri kwa reflow: polyimide substrate ≤260℃; PET substrate ≤230℃
14. Kodi mungapange bwanji malo olimbikitsira a matabwa osinthasintha?

Kulimba kwa mphamvu: 1.5-2 × makulidwe osinthika a bolodi; m'mbali mwake mozungulira mumafunika
15. Kodi makulidwe a chigoba cha solder cha PCB yosinthasintha ndi otani?

Wamba: 15-30μm; zofunikira zapadera: mpaka 50μm
16. Kodi ma board osinthasintha angakonzedwe ndi ma vias osawoneka/obisika?

Inde; blind yocheperako kudzera m'mimba mwake: 0.15mm, chiŵerengero cha mbali ≤3:1
17. Kodi mungasankhe bwanji pakati pa polyimide ndi polyester?

Polyimide yofunikira kutentha kwambiri komanso kupindika kwambiri; polyester yogwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala kwambiri
18. Kodi malo osungiramo zinthu zofewa ndi otani?

Chinyezi
19. Kodi mungathetse bwanji mavuto osinthika a board warpage?

Onjezani kapangidwe ka gawo lolinganiza; kuthamanga kwa lamination: 3-5MPa
20. Kodi kukula kocheperako kwa PCB yosinthasintha ndi kotani?

Wamba: 0.3mm; njira yapamwamba: 0.1mm
21. Kodi muyezo wa mphamvu ya peel ya boards osinthasintha ndi wotani?

Muyezo wa IPC: ≥1.5N/mm (18μm copper foil)
22. Kodi ma board osinthasintha angagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi mafunde osokera?

Sikoyenera; kuyikanso soldering kapena kusankha soldering ya mafunde oyenera kukulimbikitsidwa
23. Kodi mungatani kuti mukwaniritse chitetezo cha EMI cha ma board osinthasintha?

Chotchingira cha mkuwa/nikeli; mphamvu yotchingira> 60dB
24. Kodi kutayika kwa dielectric tangent ya ma board osinthasintha ndi chiyani?

Polyimide: tanδ≈0.003; PET: tanδ≈0.01
25. Kodi mphamvu yayikulu yonyamula mphamvu ya makina ya PCB yosinthasintha ndi yotani?

Mphamvu yokoka: polyimide≥150MPa, PET≥100MPa
26. Kodi mungapewe bwanji kusweka kwa bolodi losinthasintha pamalo opindika?

Kapangidwe ka kusintha kwa Arc; kujambula kwa foil yamkuwa ndi malire a 0.05mm
27. Kodi mlingo wa ma board osinthasintha ndi wotani?

Polyimide: UL94 V-0; PET: UL94 HB
28. Kodi mabolodi osinthasintha amatha kumangidwa mbali zonse ziwiri?

Inde, poganizira kapangidwe ka zolimbitsa ndi ndondomeko yosokera
29. Kodi kutalika kocheperako kwa PCB yosinthasintha ndi kotani?

Wamba: 0.15mm; njira yabwino: 0.1mm
30. Kodi mungayese bwanji impedance ya matabwa osinthasintha?

Chowunikira maukonde; kulondola kwa khalidwe la impedance control ± 5Ω
31. Kodi kuchuluka kwa kutentha kwa ma board osinthasintha ndi kotani?

Polyimide: X/Y axis≈15ppm/℃, Z axis≈70ppm/℃
32. Kodi kulolerana kwa ma board osinthasintha ndi kotani?

Kulondola kwa kulembetsa pakati pa zigawo ≤50μm
33. Kodi mungathetse bwanji mavuto ochedwa ndi chizindikiro m'mabodi osinthasintha?

Sinthani kutalika kwa chizindikiro; gwiritsani ntchito kapangidwe ka ma differential pair
34. Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimakhudza moyo wa PCB flexible?

Mtundu wa substrate, makulidwe a zojambulazo zamkuwa, utali wozungulira wopindika, kutentha kozungulira
35. Kodi makulidwe a plating ya mkuwa yopanda magetsi ndi otani pa matabwa osinthasintha?

Kuphimba kwa mkuwa kudzera m'bowo lozungulira≥25μm
36. Kodi ma board osinthasintha amatha kupindika mozungulira mozungulira mozungulira mozungulira mozungulira mozungulira?

Inde, koma kupanga pang'onopang'ono kumafunika; ngodya iliyonse yopindika ≤90°
37. Kodi muyezo woyesera mchere wothira ma board osinthasintha ndi wotani?

ASTM B117; palibe dzimbiri patatha maola 24
38. Kodi kukula kocheperako kwa PCB yosinthasintha ndi kotani?

0.3mm (kudzera pa 0.1mm), 0.5mm (kudzera pa 0.3mm)
39. Kodi mungawongolere bwanji mphamvu ya kutentha kwa ma board osinthasintha?

Onjezani gawo la foil yamkuwa yoyendetsa kutentha; kutentha kopitilira 150W/mK
40. Kodi mphamvu ya magetsi yokhazikika ya ma board osinthasintha ndi yotani?

Choteteza chachizolowezi chimapirira magetsi≥500V; kapangidwe kapadera mpaka 1500V
41. Kodi malire ochepera a ma board osinthasintha ndi otani?

Utali wocheperako wa kupiringizika kwa polyimide: R=1mm (makulidwe a 0.1mm)
42. Kodi mungapewe bwanji kuphulika kwa matuza panthawi yosokera bolodi losinthasintha?

Kutentha kwa kutentha 80-120℃; nthawi yothira soldering
43. Kodi chofunika cha kukhwima pamwamba pa PCB yosinthasintha ndi chiyani?

Ra≤1.5μm (pamwamba pa ENIG)
44. Kodi muyezo woyesera kuthekera kosungunula ma board osinthasintha ndi wotani?

JIS Z3198; nthawi yonyowetsa
45. Kodi liwiro loyesera kupindika kwa dynamic bend la ma board osinthasintha ndi lotani?

Wamba: 5-10 ma cycles pa mphindi
46. Kodi mungapange bwanji malo opindika a matabwa osinthasintha?

Kapangidwe ka gridi yopanda kanthu; sungani chithandizo cha 20% cha substrate
47. Kodi kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa PCB yosinthasintha ndi kotani?

Ikhoza kukwaniritsa kuyika kwa gawo la 0201; mtunda wocheperako ndi 0.3mm
48. Kodi njira zochizira matabwa osinthasintha ndi ziti?

Kupaka vacuum + desiccant; khadi lowonetsa chinyezi ＜10%
49. Kodi nthawi yowongolera lamination ya ma board osinthasintha ndi yotani?

Nthawi yopaka polyimide: Mphindi 30-60
50. Kodi njira yoyesera kutopa kwa flexible boards ndi yotani?

Ma cycle 1,000,000; kuwunika momwe zinthu zikuyendera ma cycle 100,000 aliwonse
51. Kodi malire ochepera a kapangidwe ka mzere wa PCB wosinthasintha ndi ati?

Malire a chiphunzitso: 10μm (ukadaulo wojambulira mwachindunji wa laser umafunika)
52. Kodi inki yophimba chigoba yofewa yopangidwa ndi bolodi lofewa ndi iti?

150℃ kwa mphindi 60 kapena 180℃ kwa mphindi 30
53. Kodi chokhazikika cha dielectric cha ma board osinthasintha chimasintha ndi kuchuluka kwa ma frequency?

Polyimide: εr=3.5 pa 1GHz, εr=3.2 pa 10GHz
54. Kodi mungayese bwanji kukana kwa kutenthetsa kwa matabwa osinthasintha?

Megohmmeter ya 500V; kukana ≥10¹²Ω
55. Kodi mphamvu yokakamiza kwambiri ya ma board osinthasintha ndi yotani?

Kupanikizika kwa lamination ndi 4-6MPa (polyimide substrate)
56. Kodi njira yochepetsera kukula kwa dzenje la PCB yosinthasintha ndi iti?

Kuboola kwa laser (osachepera 0.1mm), plasma etching
57. Kodi njira yoyesera peel ya copper foil ya ma board osinthasintha ndi iti?

IPC-TM-650 2.4.8 muyezo, mayeso a 90° peel
58. Kodi kukana kutentha kwa matabwa osinthasintha ndi kotani?

Palibe kulephera pambuyo pa maola 1000 mu 85℃/85% RH environment
59. Kodi kukana kukangana kwa pamwamba pa matabwa osinthasintha ndi kotani?

Kukana kukangana kwa pamwamba pa ENIG ≥ nthawi 500 (gudumu la CS-10, kupanikizika kwa 1000g)
60. Kodi mungapange bwanji malo olumikizirana a matabwa osinthasintha?

Gwiritsani ntchito kapangidwe kosakanikirana kolimba, kutalika kwa malo olumikizira ≥5mm
61. Kodi muyezo wocheperako wa mayeso a radius yopindika ya ma PCB osinthasintha ndi uti?

IPC-6013, palibe ming'alu pambuyo pa ma cycle 1000 opindika
62. Kodi nthawi zokonzanso ma board osinthasintha ndi zingati?

Zovomerezeka nthawi ≤2, zosapitirira nthawi zitatu
63. Kodi mayeso a kutentha kwa ma board osinthasintha ndi otani?

-55℃ mpaka +125℃ kuzungulira nthawi 100, mphindi 30 kukhala nthawi iliyonse
64. Kodi kuuma kwa chigoba chosungunula pa bolodi losinthasintha ndi kotani?

Kuuma kwa pensulo ≥3H
65. Kodi ma board osinthasintha ali ndi ngodya yotani?

0-180°, kuyang'ana kwambiri pa magwiridwe antchito opindika a 90°
66. Kodi tingathetse bwanji vuto la ma board osinthasintha pogwiritsa ntchito chizindikiro?

Onjezani gawo loteteza, lamulirani kutalika kwa mzere ≥ kuchulukitsa katatu m'lifupi mwa mzere
67. Kodi m'lifupi mwake wa mphete yozungulira ya pad annular ndi wotani pa ma PCB osinthasintha?

Wamba 0.15mm, osachepera 0.1mm
68. Kodi njira zogwiritsira ntchito nikeli ndi golide zopanda magetsi zimayikidwa bwanji pa bolodi losinthasintha?

Chiŵerengero cha kuyika nikeli 1-2μm/h, chiŵerengero cha kuyika golide 0.02-0.05μm/h
69. Kodi chiwerengero chachikulu cha zigawo za ma board osinthasintha ndi chiani?

Zigawo 8 zachizolowezi, mpaka zigawo 20
70. Kodi kukana kwa ma board osinthasintha ndi kotani?

Imatha kupirira kuthamanga kwa 50g, kukhudzidwa kwa nthawi ya 11ms
71. Kodi njira zogoba zogoba zolephera kutopa ndi ziti?

Ming'alu ya foil ya mkuwa (70%), kuchotsedwa kwa substrate (20%), kusweka kwa malo olumikizirana (10%)
72. Kodi mungazindikire bwanji mphamvu ya peel ya boards zosinthasintha?

Gwiritsani ntchito makina oyesera okoka pa liwiro la 100mm/min
73. Kodi mulifupi wa mzere wa zilembo zosinthika ndi wotani?

Njira yachizolowezi 0.05mm, njira yabwino mpaka 0.03mm
74. Kodi kulamulira kutentha kwa lamination curve kwa ma board osinthasintha ndi kotani?

Kutentha kwa 2-3℃/mphindi, kutentha kumasinthasintha ±5℃
75. Kodi mayeso omatira pamwamba pa bolodi losinthasintha ndi otani?

Kuyesa kwa tepi ya 3M 600, palibe chophimba chomwe chikuchotsedwa
76. Kodi zofunikira pa chilengedwe pa kuyesa kusinthasintha kwa ma board osinthasintha ndi ziti?

Kutentha 23±2℃, chinyezi 50±5%
77. Kodi mungapange bwanji kapangidwe ka ma board osinthasintha kuti achepetse kupsinjika?

Gwiritsani ntchito mapangidwe ochepetsa kupsinjika monga zizindikiro za serpentine ndi mipata yooneka ngati U
78. Kodi kuchuluka kwa mphete yozungulira yozungulira yozungulira ndi kotani kwa ma PCB osinthasintha?

Wamba 0.15mm, osachepera 0.1mm
79. Kodi chigoba cha solder chimalimbana bwanji ndi zosungunulira za matabwa osinthasintha?

Kupukuta ndi acetone nthawi 10, osachotsa
80. Kodi ngodya yoyesera kupindika yosinthasintha ya ma board osinthasintha ndi yotani?

Kupindika kozungulira kwa ±90° wamba
81. Kodi tingathetse bwanji vuto la kusintha kwa kutentha kwa ma board osinthasintha?

Sankhani ma substrates okhala ndi coefficient yotsika ya kutentha ndikuwonjezera njira zotenthetsera kutentha
82. Kodi chinyezi chachikulu chogwirira ntchito cha matabwa osinthasintha ndi chotani?

Chinyezi chogwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali ≤90% RH
83. Kodi kutentha kwa dielectric coefficient kwa ma flexible boards ndi kotani?

Polyimide △εr/△T≈-0.001/℃
84. Kodi kulekerera kochepa kwa mzere wa PCB wosinthasintha ndi kotani?

± 10% (njira yachizolowezi), ± 5% (njira yolondola kwambiri)
85. Kodi zinthu zoti zigwiritsidwe ntchito polimbitsa ma board osinthasintha ndi ziti?

FR-4, zomatira za polyimide, makulidwe 0.1-0.5mm
86. Kodi mfundo zazikulu za kapangidwe ka ma board osinthasintha (DFM) ndi ziti?

Pewani ma ngodya akuthwa, wongolerani kufanana kwa zojambulazo zamkuwa, konzani malo opindika
87. Kodi kukana dzimbiri kwa pamwamba pa bolodi losinthasintha ndi kotani?

Kuyesa kwa mchere kwa maola 48, palibe dzimbiri
88. Kodi chitsanzo cha kuneneratu moyo wa kusinthasintha kwa ma board osinthasintha ndi chiyani?

Coffin-Manson equation: Nf=A (Δε)^(-m)
89. Kodi mungazindikire bwanji kuuma kwa khoma la dzenje la matabwa osinthasintha?

Kuyang'aniridwa pogwiritsa ntchito microscope ya electron scanning (SEM), Ra≤10μm
90. Kodi ma PCB osinthasintha amapindika bwanji nthawi zambiri?

Mafupipafupi opindika olimbikitsidwa ≤2Hz
91. Kodi njira yoyesera yomatira chigoba chosungunula cha ma board osinthasintha ndi iti?

Njira yodutsa (ISO 2409), giredi 0 ndiyo yoyenerera
92. Kodi muyezo wa mphamvu yolumikizirana pakati pa ma board osinthasintha ndi wotani?

Muyezo wa IPC umafuna ≥1.2N/mm
93. Kodi mungawerengere bwanji kuchedwa kwa kutumiza chizindikiro cha ma board osinthasintha?

Kuchedwa = kutalika kwa trace ×√εr×0.167 (ns/cm)
94. Kodi mungapange bwanji wosanjikiza wa mkuwa wosungunuka ndi kutentha wa matabwa osinthasintha?

Kukhuthala kwa mkuwa ≥70μm, malo otseguka a zenera ≥30%
95. Kodi kukana kugwedezeka kwa ma board osinthasintha ndi kotani?

Imatha kupirira kugwedezeka kwa 10-2000Hz, 2g yofulumira
96. Kodi kukula kocheperako kwa ma PCB osinthika ndi kotani?

Wamba 0.6mm, osachepera 0.4mm
97. Kodi mayeso oletsa kukwiya pamwamba pa matabwa osinthasintha ndi otani?

Mayeso a kukwezedwa kwa Taber, gudumu la CS-10, kuchuluka kwa kusweka
98. Kodi kusankha kwa makulidwe a foil yamkuwa m'dera lopindika la mabolodi osinthasintha ndi kotani?

Cholembera cha mkuwa cha 9μm kapena 12μm chimalimbikitsidwa pamalo opindika
99. Kodi chigoba chosungunula chimalimbana bwanji ndi kutentha kwa kugunda kwa ma board osinthasintha?

-40℃ mpaka +150℃ kuzungulira nthawi 50, palibe kusweka
100. Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zofunika kwambiri pakuwunika malamulo a kapangidwe (DRC) pa ma PCB osinthasintha?

M'lifupi/kutalika kwa mzere, kudzera mu kukula, utali wopindika, kapangidwe kolimba

PCB yosinthasintha

1. Kodi m'lifupi/kutalika kwa mzere wocheperako wa PCB yosinthasintha ndi kotani?

2. Kodi ma board osinthasintha amatha kupindika kangati?

3. Kodi kutentha kwa PCB yosinthasintha ndi kotani?

4. Kodi mungawerengere bwanji utali wopindika wa ma board osinthasintha?

5. Kodi PCB yosinthasintha imayamwa madzi bwanji?

6. Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga bolodi losinthasintha?

7. Kodi chokhazikika cha dielectric cha ma board osinthasintha ndi chiyani?

8. Kodi mungapewe bwanji kusokonekera kwa bolodi losinthasintha?

9. Kodi specifications za makulidwe a board copper foil ndi ziti?

10. Kodi PCB yosinthasintha yomwe imatha kupirira ndi yotani?

11. Kodi mungayese bwanji kupindika kwa ma board osinthasintha?

12. Kodi njira zochizira pamwamba pa bolodi losinthasintha ndi ziti?

13. Kodi kutentha koyenera kwa SMT soldering boards ndi kotani?

14. Kodi mungapange bwanji malo olimbikitsira a matabwa osinthasintha?

15. Kodi makulidwe a chigoba cha solder cha PCB yosinthasintha ndi otani?

16. Kodi ma board osinthasintha angakonzedwe ndi ma vias osawoneka/obisika?

17. Kodi mungasankhe bwanji pakati pa polyimide ndi polyester?

18. Kodi malo osungiramo zinthu zofewa ndi otani?

19. Kodi mungathetse bwanji mavuto osinthika a board warpage?

20. Kodi kukula kocheperako kwa PCB yosinthasintha ndi kotani?

21. Kodi muyezo wa mphamvu ya peel ya boards osinthasintha ndi wotani?

22. Kodi ma board osinthasintha angagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi mafunde osokera?

23. Kodi mungatani kuti mukwaniritse chitetezo cha EMI cha ma board osinthasintha?

24. Kodi kutayika kwa dielectric tangent ya ma board osinthasintha ndi chiyani?

25. Kodi mphamvu yayikulu yonyamula mphamvu ya makina ya PCB yosinthasintha ndi yotani?

26. Kodi mungapewe bwanji kusweka kwa bolodi losinthasintha pamalo opindika?

27. Kodi mlingo wa ma board osinthasintha ndi wotani?

28. Kodi mabolodi osinthasintha amatha kumangidwa mbali zonse ziwiri?

29. Kodi kutalika kocheperako kwa PCB yosinthasintha ndi kotani?

30. Kodi mungayese bwanji impedance ya matabwa osinthasintha?

31. Kodi kuchuluka kwa kutentha kwa ma board osinthasintha ndi kotani?

32. Kodi kulolerana kwa ma board osinthasintha ndi kotani?

33. Kodi mungathetse bwanji mavuto ochedwa ndi chizindikiro m'mabodi osinthasintha?

34. Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimakhudza moyo wa PCB flexible?

35. Kodi makulidwe a plating ya mkuwa yopanda magetsi ndi otani pa matabwa osinthasintha?

36. Kodi ma board osinthasintha amatha kupindika mozungulira mozungulira mozungulira mozungulira mozungulira mozungulira?

37. Kodi muyezo woyesera mchere wothira ma board osinthasintha ndi wotani?

38. Kodi kukula kocheperako kwa PCB yosinthasintha ndi kotani?

39. Kodi mungawongolere bwanji mphamvu ya kutentha kwa ma board osinthasintha?

40. Kodi mphamvu ya magetsi yokhazikika ya ma board osinthasintha ndi yotani?

41. Kodi malire ochepera a ma board osinthasintha ndi otani?

42. Kodi mungapewe bwanji kuphulika kwa matuza panthawi yosokera bolodi losinthasintha?

43. Kodi chofunika cha kukhwima pamwamba pa PCB yosinthasintha ndi chiyani?

44. Kodi muyezo woyesera kuthekera kosungunula ma board osinthasintha ndi wotani?

45. Kodi liwiro loyesera kupindika kwa dynamic bend la ma board osinthasintha ndi lotani?

46. ​​Kodi mungapange bwanji malo opindika a matabwa osinthasintha?

47. Kodi kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa PCB yosinthasintha ndi kotani?

48. Kodi njira zochizira matabwa osinthasintha ndi ziti?

49. Kodi nthawi yowongolera lamination ya ma board osinthasintha ndi yotani?

50. Kodi njira yoyesera kutopa kwa flexible boards ndi yotani?

51. Kodi malire ochepera a kapangidwe ka mzere wa PCB wosinthasintha ndi ati?

52. Kodi inki yophimba chigoba yofewa yopangidwa ndi bolodi lofewa ndi iti?

53. Kodi chokhazikika cha dielectric cha ma board osinthasintha chimasintha ndi kuchuluka kwa ma frequency?

54. Kodi mungayese bwanji kukana kwa kutenthetsa kwa matabwa osinthasintha?

55. Kodi mphamvu yokakamiza kwambiri ya ma board osinthasintha ndi yotani?

56. Kodi njira yochepetsera kukula kwa dzenje la PCB yosinthasintha ndi iti?

57. Kodi njira yoyesera peel ya copper foil ya ma board osinthasintha ndi iti?

58. Kodi kukana kutentha kwa matabwa osinthasintha ndi kotani?

59. Kodi kukana kukangana kwa pamwamba pa matabwa osinthasintha ndi kotani?

60. Kodi mungapange bwanji malo olumikizirana a matabwa osinthasintha?

61. Kodi muyezo wocheperako wa mayeso a radius yopindika ya ma PCB osinthasintha ndi uti?

62. Kodi nthawi zokonzanso ma board osinthasintha ndi zingati?

63. Kodi mayeso a kutentha kwa ma board osinthasintha ndi otani?

64. Kodi kuuma kwa chigoba chosungunula pa bolodi losinthasintha ndi kotani?

65. Kodi ma board osinthasintha ali ndi ngodya yotani?

66. Kodi tingathetse bwanji vuto la ma board osinthasintha pogwiritsa ntchito chizindikiro?

67. Kodi m'lifupi mwake wa mphete yozungulira ya pad annular ndi wotani pa ma PCB osinthasintha?

68. Kodi njira zogwiritsira ntchito nikeli ndi golide zopanda magetsi zimayikidwa bwanji pa bolodi losinthasintha?

69. Kodi chiwerengero chachikulu cha zigawo za ma board osinthasintha ndi chiani?

70. Kodi kukana kwa ma board osinthasintha ndi kotani?

71. Kodi njira zogoba zogoba zolephera kutopa ndi ziti?

72. Kodi mungazindikire bwanji mphamvu ya peel ya boards zosinthasintha?

73. Kodi mulifupi wa mzere wa zilembo zosinthika ndi wotani?

74. Kodi kulamulira kutentha kwa lamination curve kwa ma board osinthasintha ndi kotani?

75. Kodi mayeso omatira pamwamba pa bolodi losinthasintha ndi otani?

76. Kodi zofunikira pa chilengedwe pa kuyesa kusinthasintha kwa ma board osinthasintha ndi ziti?

77. Kodi mungapange bwanji kapangidwe ka ma board osinthasintha kuti achepetse kupsinjika?

78. Kodi kuchuluka kwa mphete yozungulira yozungulira yozungulira ndi kotani kwa ma PCB osinthasintha?

79. Kodi chigoba cha solder chimalimbana bwanji ndi zosungunulira za matabwa osinthasintha?

46. Kodi mungapange bwanji malo opindika a matabwa osinthasintha?