Optical Module HDI PCB Optical Module Goridhe Chigunwe PCB
Mirayiridzo yekugadzira chigadzirwa
| Rudzi | HDI mbiri-yakapetwa, impedance, gomba repurasitiki re resin |
| Chinhu | Panasonic M6 Copper-Cloth Laminate |
| Nhamba yerukoko | 10L |
| Bhodhi Ukobvu | 1.2mm |
| Saizi imwe chete | 150*120mm/1SET |
| Kupedzisa pamusoro | ENEKI |
| Ukobvu hwemhangura yemukati | 18um |
| Ukobvu hwemhangura yekunze | 18um |
| Ruvara rwemasiki anosonesa | girini (GTS, GBS) |
| Ruvara rwesikirini yesiriki | chena (GTO,GBO) |
| Kuburikidza nekurapwa | 0.2mm |
| Kuwanda kwegomba rekuboorera remakanika | 16W/㎡ |
| Kuwanda kwegomba rekuchera nelaser | 100W/㎡ |
| Saizi diki kuburikidza nehukuru | 0.1mm |
| Upamhi hwemutsetse/nzvimbo diki | 3/3mil |
| Chiyero chekuvhurika | 9mil |
| Nguva dzekumanikidza | Katatu |
| Nguva dzekuboorera | Nguva shanu |
| PN | E240902A |
Zvinhu Zvikuru Zvekudzora Mukugadzirwa kweOptical Module HDI Gold Finger PCBs
- 1. Kudzora Kucheka Nekunyatsoshanda Kubatanidza tambo dzeminwe yegoridhe neHDI PCB kwakaoma zvikuru, zvichiita kuti kudzora maitiro ekucheka kuve kwakakosha zvikuru. Kucheka kusina kunaka kunogona kukonzera upamhi hwemitsara isina kuenzana, mapfupi, kana macircuit akavhurika. Saka, michina yekucheka yakanyatsogadzirwa inofanira kushandiswa, uye kuongororwa nguva dzose kunodiwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti maitiro ekucheka akarurama uye akafanana.
3、Kudzora Maitiro Ekuisa Lamination Lamination idanho rakakosha apo maPCB akawanda anodzvanywa pamwe chete. Kudzora tembiricha, kumanikidzwa, uye nguva panguva yekuisa lamination kwakakosha kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti ma lamination akasimba uye ukobvu hwebhodhi hwakaenzana. Kuisa lamination isina kunaka kunogona kukonzera delamination kana voids, zvichikanganisa mashandiro emagetsi uye simba remakanika.
4. Kudzora Ukobvu hwePlating yeMinwe yeGoridhe Ukobvu hweplating yegoridhe paminwe yegoridhe hunokanganisa zvakananga hupenyu hwekuisirwa uye kuvimbika kwekusangana. Kana plating yegoridhe yakatetepa, inogona kupera nekukurumidza; kana yakakora zvakanyanya, inowedzera mitengo. Saka, panguva yekuputira, nguva yekuputira yegoridhe uye huwandu hwemazuva ano zvinofanirwa kudzorwa zvakanyanya kuitira kuti ukobvu hwekuputira husvike pazvinodiwa (kazhinji 30-50 microinches).
5. Kudzora uye Kuedza Impedance Module HDI PCBs dzinowanzo shanda nemasaini ekumhanya kwepamusoro, zvichiita kuti kudzora impedance kuve kwakakosha. Munguva yekugadzira, michina yekuongorora impedance inofanira kushandiswa kutarisa nekuyera zviratidzo zvakakosha munguva chaiyo, ichiva nechokwadi chekuti impedance iri mukati memhando yekugadzira (semuenzaniso, 100 ohms). Kusatevedzera mitemo kunogona kukonzera matambudziko ekuvimbika kwechiratidzo, senge kufungisisa uye crosstalk.
6,Kudzora Hunhu hweSoldering Nekuda kwekuwanda kwezvikamu zvinobatanidzwa mumaPCB e optical module, maitiro ekusoldering anofanira kunge akanyatsojeka. Midziyo yepamusoro yekusoldering uye wave soldering inodiwa, uye ma profiles ekupisa ekusoldering anofanirwa kudzorwa zvakasimba kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti majoini ekusolder akasimba uye kuvimbika kwekubatana kwemagetsi.
7、Kuchenesa nekudzivirira pamusoro Pese pakugadzirwa, pamusoro pePCB panofanira kucheneswa kudzivirira guruva, zvigunwe, kana masara e oxidation. Zvinosvibisa izvi zvinogona kukonzera mapfupi emagetsi kana kukanganisa kunaka kwepuratifomu. Mushure mekugadzirwa, machira akakodzera ekudzivirira anofanira kuiswa kudzivirira hunyoro uye zvinosvibisa kuti zvisapinde.
8. Kuongorora uye Kusimbisa Hunhu. Kuongorora kwakazara kwehunhu, kusanganisira kuongorora nemaziso, kuyedza magetsi, uye kuyedza mashandiro, kwakakosha. Nzira dzekuongorora dzakajairika dzinosanganisira Automated Optical Inspection (AOI), kuyedza flying probe, uye kuongororwa kweX-ray kuona kuti PCB yega yega inosangana nezvinodiwa zvedhizaini uye mwero wehunhu.
Kukosha kweRouting muOptical Module HDI PCBs
- Saizi uye Nzvimbo: Upamhi nenzvimbo yeminwe yegoridhe zvinofanirwa kudzorwa zvakasimba kuti zvive nechokwadi chekuti zvinokwana zvakanaka nezvinobatanidza. Kazhinji, upamhi hweminwe yegoridhe i0.5mm, nenzvimbo ye0.5mm.
- Kuchekerera Mupendero: Kuchekerera kunowanzodiwa pamipendero yePCB pane minwe yegoridhe kuti zvive nyore kuisa mumipendero.
Kuverengwa kweLayer uye Stacking: MaPCB eHDI anowanzo sanganisira magadzirirwo e multilayer kuti ape sarudzo dzakawanda dzekubatanidza magetsi. Kuverengwa kwe layer uye dhizaini ye stacking zvinofanirwa kufungwa nezvazvo kuti zvive nechokwadi chekuti masaini akavimbika uye simba rakavimbika.
Microvias: Kushandisa tekinoroji ye microvia, yakadai sema "blind" nema "vias" akavigwa, kunogona kuderedza hurefu hwekubatana pakati pe "interlayer", nokudaro zvichideredza kunonoka uye kurasikirwa kwechiratidzo. Ma "microvias" aya anoda kudzorwa kwakanyatsojeka kwenzvimbo yawo nehukuru hwawo.
Kuwanda Kwenzira: Nekuda kwekuwanda kweHDI boards, kutarisisa kwakakosha kunofanirwa kupihwa pahupamhi nepakati penzvimbo dzezvisaririra. Kazhinji, upamhi hwezvisaririra hunosvika 3-4 mil, uye nzvimbo yacho i3-4 mil.
3,Kuvimbika kweChiratidzo
Kuchinjana Kwemasaini: Kutumirwa kwemasaini ekukurumidza kwakanyanya kunowanzoshandiswa muma module e optical kunoda kuchinjisa masaini e differential kuti kuderedze kupindirana kwemagetsi uye kuratidzwa kwemasaini. Kureba nekureba kwemasaini e differential kunofanirwa kuenderana, zvichiita kuti kudzorwa kwe impedance kuve mukati mechikamu chakaringana (semuenzaniso, 100 ohms).
Kudzora Kudzivirira: Mukufambisa masaini nekukurumidza, kudzora kudzivirira kwakasimba kwakakosha. Kufananidza kudzivirira kunogona kuwanikwa nekugadzirisa upamhi hwetrace, nzvimbo, uye kurongedza layer.
Kuburikidza neMashandisirwo: Kushandiswa kwema-via kunofanira kuderedzwa, sezvo zvichiunza simba rezvipembenene uye inductance, zvichikanganisa kunaka kwemasaini. Kana zvichidikanwa, zvakakodzera kuburikidza nemhando (dzakadai sema-via asingaonekwe uye akavigwa) nenzvimbo dzinofanira kusarudzwa.
Kubvisa maCapacitor: Kuisa maCapacitor ekuparadzanisa zvakanaka kunobatsira kudzikamisa voltage yemagetsi uye kuderedza ruzha rwemagetsi.
Kugadzira Ndege Yemagetsi: Kushandisa magadzirirwo endege yemagetsi yakasimba kunoita kuti magetsi aenderane uye kunoderedza kupindirana kwemagetsi (EMI).
Kutarisira Kupisa: Sezvo ma module e optical achigadzira kupisa kwakawanda panguva yekushanda, mhinduro dzekutarisira kupisa dzinofanira kufungwa nezvadzo mukugadzira, senge kushandisa ma thermal vias, zvinhu zvinofambisa mhepo, kana ma heat sinks kuti kuwedzere kushanda zvakanaka kwe heat dissipation.
6,Kusarudzwa Kwezvinhu
Zvinhu zveSubstrate: Sarudza zvinhu zveSubstrate zvakakodzera kushandiswa kwehigh-frequency, zvakaita sepolyimide (PI) kana fluoropolymers, kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti chiratidzo chinotumirwa zvakanaka uye chakasimba.
Masiki yeSolder: Shandisai masiki eSolder anodziya zvakanyanya uye asingadhuri zvakanyanya kuti muve nechokwadi chekuti mavanga acho anodzivirira uye mashandiro emagetsi.
MaPCB eGold finger HDI anoshandiswa zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana nekuda kwekuwanda kwawo uye hunhu hwawo hwepamusoro:
5、Midziyo Yekurapa: Mumidziyo yekurapa inonyanya kudiwa senge CT scanners, michina yeMRI, nezvimwe zvishandiso zvekuongorora, maPCB egoridhe ane minwe yeHDI anovimbisa kutapurirana kwedata kwakarurama uye mashandiro akavimbika emidziyo.
- 6、Nzvimbo Yemuchadenga: MaPCB aya anoshandiswa mumasystem ekudzora masetiraiti, ndege, uye spacecraft, sezvo achigona kutsungirira mamiriro ekunze akaoma uku achichengetedza kushanda kwepamusoro.
- 7、Kudzora Maindasitiri: Mubasa rekushandisa otomatiki mumaindasitiri, maPLC (Programmable Logic Controllers), uye marobhoti emaindasitiri, maPCB egoridhe ane zvigunwe zveHDI anopa kutonga kwakavimbika uye kutumira masaini.
Munwe wegoridhe
Nhanganyaya Yakadzama yeMinwe yeGoridhe
Zvigunwe zvegoridhe zvinoreva nzvimbo dzakaputirwa negoridhe dziri pamucheto webhodhi redunhu rakadhindwa (PCB). Dzinowanzo shandiswa kugadzira kubatana kwemagetsi nezvinobatanidza. Zita rekuti "munwe wegoridhe" rinobva pakuonekwa kwadzo: zvikamu zvakaita segoridhe zvakaputirwa zvakafanana nezvigunwe. Zvigunwe zvegoridhe zvinowanzo shandiswa mumaPCB anopinzwa, akadai sememory sticks, makadhi emifananidzo, nezvimwe zvishandiso, kuti zvibatanidzwe nezvisungo. Basa guru rezvigunwe zvegoridhe nderekupa kubatana kwemagetsi kwakavimbika kuburikidza nechikamu chegoridhe chinofambisa mvura zvakanyanya uku uchivimbisa kuramba kupfeka uye kuramba ngura.
Kupatsanurwa kweMinwe yeGoridhe
Zvigunwe zvegoridhe zvinogona kupatsanurwa zvichienderana nebasa razvo, nzvimbo, uye maitiro ekugadzira:
Kubatanidza Magetsi Zvigunwe zveGoridhe: Zvigunwe izvi zvegoridhe zvinonyanya kushandiswa kupa kubatana kwemagetsi kwakasimba, senge mu memory sticks, graphics cards, uye mamwe ma plug-in modules. Zvinotumira masaini emagetsi nekuiswa muma slots ari pa motherboard kana zvimwe zvishandiso.
Zvigunwe zveGoridhe zvePower Supply: Izvi zvinoshandiswa kupa simba kana kuti grounding connections, zvichiita kuti zvishandiso zvigamuchire simba rakasimba.
2,Zvichibva paChinzvimbo:
Zvigunwe zveEdge Gold: Zvinowanzo kuwanikwa pamucheto wePCB, zvinoshandiswa pakubatanidza slot uye zvinowanzo kuwanikwa mu memory sticks, graphics cards, uye communication modules. Iyi ndiyo mhando yegold finger yakajairika.
Zvigunwe zvegoridhe zvisina mupendero: Zvigunwe izvi zvegoridhe hazvisi pamucheto wePCB asi zviri mukati mekombiyuta kuti zvibatanidzwe kana kuti zvishande, zvakaita senzvimbo dzekuyedza kana kuti kubatana kwemodule yemukati.
3,Zvichibva paMaitiro Ekugadzira:
Zvigunwe zvegoridhe zvekunyudza: Izvi zvinogadzirwa uchishandisa nzira yekuisa goridhe pamusoro pepepa remhangura. Zvine pamusoro wakatsetseka, wakareruka asi goridhe rakatetepa, rinowanzoshandiswa pakubatanidza magetsi ane frequency yakaderera.
Zvigunwe zvegoridhe zvakaputirwa nemagetsi: Zvakagadzirwa uchishandisa nzira yekuisa electroplating, zvigunwe izvi zvegoridhe zvine goridhe rakakora uye hazvipfeki zvakanyanya, zvakakodzera kubatanidza magetsi kwakasimba kunoda kuiswa nekubviswa nguva nenguva, senge mu memory sticks ne graphics cards. Maitiro aya anowanzo shandisa gold layer 30-50 microinches kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti inogara kwenguva refu uye conductivity yakanaka.
4,Zvichibva paNzira yeKubatanidza:
Zvigunwe zvegoridhe zvakapinza zvakananga: Kana zvaiswa zvakananga mugomba, kutwasuka kwegomba kunobata zvigunwe zvegoridhe. Nzira iyi inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mu memory sticks ne graphics cards.
Zvigunwe zvegoridhe zveLatch: Zvakabatana uchishandisa machira kana zvimwe zvishandiso zvekusunga, zvichipa imwe nzira yekuwedzera, inowanzoshandiswa kumamodule makuru uye maapplication anoda kubatana kwakasimba.
Hunhu hwekushandisa kweMinwe yeGoridhe
- Kufambisa Kwepamusoro uye Kugadzikana: Chinhu chikuru chinoshandiswa neminwe yegoridhe igoridhe, iro rine kutenderera kwakanaka uye kwakasimba, zvichipa mashandiro emagetsi akanaka kwazvo.
- Kusapfeka: Kushandiswa kunosanganisira kuiswa nekubviswa nguva nenguva kunoda kuti minwe yegoridhe ive nekudzivirira kupfeka zvakanaka. Chidziviriro chegoridhe chinopa dziviriro iyi, zvichiita kuti minwe yegoridhe isaparare kana kuoxidize zviri nyore panguva yekushandisa.
- Kuramba Kuora: Rutivi rwegoridhe rwekuputira minwe yegoridhe harungogumiri pakupa simba rekufambisa simbi chete asiwo runodzivirira zvinhu zvinoparadza zviri munharaunda, zvichiwedzera hupenyu hweminwe yegoridhe.
Kupatsanurwa kweOptical Modules
1,Zvichibva paKumhanya kweKutumira:
10G Optical Modules: Inoshandiswa pakushandisa 10 Gigabit Ethernet.
25G Optical Modules: Yakagadzirirwa 25 Gigabit Ethernet.
40G Optical Modules: Inoshandiswa muma network e40 Gigabit Ethernet.
100G Optical Modules: Yakakodzera network dzeGigabit Ethernet dze100.
400G Optical Modules: Yekushandisa 400 Gigabit Ethernet inomhanya zvakanyanya.
2,Zvichibva paKureba kweKutumira:
Mamodule eOptical eShort-Range (SR): Anowanzo tsigira daro rinosvika mamita mazana matatu uchishandisa multimode fiber (MMF).
Mamodule eOptical eRange-Range (LR): Akagadzirirwa madaro anosvika makiromita gumi uchishandisa fiber yemodhi imwe chete (SMF).
Extended Range Optical Modules (ER): Inogona kutumira mafambiro anosvika makiromita makumi mana pamusoro peSMF.
Mamodule eOptical Akareba Zvikuru (ZR): Anotsigira madaro anopfuura makiromita makumi masere pamusoro peSMF.
3,Zvichibva paWavelength:
850nm Modules: Inowanzo shandiswa pakutumira zvinhu zviri kure zvishoma pamusoro pefiber ye multimode.
1310nm Modules: Yakakodzera kutapurirana kwepakati nepakati pamusoro pefayibha yemode imwe chete.
1550nm Modules: Inoshandiswa pakutumira mashoko kure, kunyanya pamusoro pefaibha yemode imwe chete.
4,Zvichibva paFomu Factor:
SFP (Small Form-Factor Pluggable): Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kune network dze1G ne10G.
SFP+ (Inowedzerwa Zvishoma Zvishoma Zvingabatanidzwa): Inoshandiswa kune network dze10G dzine mashandiro ari nani.
QSFP (Quad Small Form-Factor Pluggable): Yakakodzera maapplication e40G.
QSFP28: Yakagadzirirwa network dze100G, ichipa mhinduro yehuwandu hwepamusoro.
CFP (C Form-Factor Pluggable): Inoshandiswa mumaapplication e100G ne400G, yakakura kupfuura mamodule eSFP/QSFP.
5,Zvichibva pakushandisa:
Mamodule eData Center Optical: Akagadzirirwa kutumira data nekukurumidza mukati menzvimbo dzedata.
Mamodule eTelecom Optical: Anoshandiswa muzvivakwa zvekutaurirana pakutumira data kure.
MaIndustrial Optical Modules: Akavakirwa nharaunda dzakaomarara, dzisingagoni kupisa zvakanyanya uye kukanganiswa kwemagetsi.
Maitiro Ekusiyanisa Kuwanda Kwematanho eHDI
Maburi Akavigwa: Maburi akaiswa mukati mebhodhi, asingaonekwe nekunze.
Maburi Anoonekwa Nekunze: Maburi anoonekwa nekunze asi asingaonekwe nepakati.
Kuverengwa Kwematanho: Huwandu hwemhando dzakasiyana dzema "blind vias", sezvinoonekwa kubva kumucheto mumwe webhodhi, hunogona kutsanangurwa sehuwandu hwematanho.
Kuwanda kweLamination: Huwandu hwenguva iyo ma vias akavharirwa/akapofumara anopinda nepakati pema cores akawanda kana ma dielectric layers.
PCB inogadzirwa uchishandisa Panasonic M6 copper-clad laminate
PCB inogadzirwa uchishandisa Panasonic M6 copper-clad laminate. Tine ruzivo rwakakura mubasa iri uye tinoziva mashandisiro akazara ePanasonic M6 zvinhu nekutarisa pane zvinotevera:
1. Kusarudzwa kweZvinhu uye Kuongorora
Kusarudzwa Kwakasimba Kwevatengesi: Sarudza vatengesi vePanasonic M6 vane mukurumbira uye vakavimbika velaminate kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti zvinhu zvakagadzikana uye zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa nekuongorora hunyanzvi hwemutengesi, kugona kwake kugadzira, uye masisitimu ekudzora mhando. Ruzivo rwedu rwemakore akawanda rwatibatsira kutanga hukama hwakagadzikana kwenguva refu nevatengesi vemhando yepamusoro, tichiona kuti zvinhu zvakanaka kubva kunobva zvinhu.
Kuongorora Zvinhu: Kana wagamuchira zvinhu zve laminate zvakaputirwa nemhangura, ongorora zvakasimba kuti uone kana paine zvikanganiso zvakaita sekukuvadzwa kana mavara uye kuyera parameters dzakadai sehukobvu nehukuru kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti zvinosangana nezvinodiwa. Midziyo yekuyedza yakasarudzika inogona kushandiswawo kuyedza hunhu hwemagetsi hwezvinhu, thermal conductivity, nezvimwe zviratidzo zvekushanda kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti zvinosangana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira. Chikwata chedu chenyanzvi chekuyedza chinoshandisa michina yepamusoro uye maitiro akasimba kuti chive nechokwadi chekuti hapana ruzivo rwunoregeredzwa.
2. Kugadzirisa Dhizaini
Dhizaini yeMagadzirirwo eDunhu: Zvichienderana nehunhu hwePanasonic M6 copper-clad laminate, gadzira magadzirirwo ebhodhi redunhu zvakakodzera. Kune macircuit ane frequency yakakwira, pfupisa nzira dzemasaini kuti uderedze kuratidzwa kwechiratidzo uye kupindira. Kune macircuit ane simba rakawanda, funga zvizere nezvematambudziko ekupisa, ronga zvinhu zvinopisa, uye nzira dzekupisa zvakanaka kuti uwedzere kupisa kwelaminate ine copper-clad. Chikwata chedu chevagadziri chinonzwisisa hunhu hwePanasonic M6 laminate uye chinogona kuronga magadzirirwo nemazvo zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvedunhu zvakasiyana-siyana.
Dhizaini yeStack-Up: Gadzirisa chimiro chestack-up chebhodhi redunhu zvichienderana nekuomarara uye zvinodiwa pakushanda kwecircuit. Sarudza huwandu hwakakodzera hwematack, nzvimbo yeinterlayer, uye zvinhu zvekudzivirira kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti masaini akasimba uye kugadzikana kwekushanda kwemagetsi. Uyewo, funga nezvemhedzisiro yekufambisa kupisa uye kupararira pakati pematack kuti usanyanya kupisa munzvimbo. Kuburikidza nekudzidzira kwakakura uye kugadzirisa nguva dzose, takagadzira mhinduro yesainzi uye ine musoro yekugadzira stack-up.
3. Kudzora Maitiro Ekugadzira
Maitiro Ekucheka: Dzora maparamita ekucheka nemazvo kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti bhodhi redunhu rakarurama uye rakanaka. Sarudza machira akakodzera uye mamiriro ekucheka kuti usanyanya kukwenya kana kusakwenya. Pamusoro pezvo, chenjerera kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza panguva yekucheka kudzivirira kusvibiswa kwelaminate yakaputirwa nemhangura. Tine ruzivo rwakakura mukucheka uye tinogona kudzora maitiro acho nemazvo kuti bhodhi redunhu rive rakanaka.
Maitiro Ekuchera: Shandisa michina yekuchera yakanyatsogadzirwa uye parameters yekuchera kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti maburi ane saizi uye nzvimbo yacho yakarurama. Ngwarira kuti usakuvadze laminate yakaputirwa nemhangura, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa mashandiro ayo. Midziyo yedu yekuchera yepamusoro uye vashandi vane hunyanzvi vanovimbisa kuti maitiro ekuchera akarurama.
Maitiro Ekuisa Lamination: Dzora zvakasimba maparamita ekuisa lamination kuti uve nechokwadi chekunamatira pakati pezvikamu uye mashandiro emagetsi. Sarudza tembiricha yakakodzera yekuisa lamination, kumanikidzwa, uye nguva kuti uve nechokwadi chekubatana kwakanaka pakati pelaminate yakaputirwa nemhangura nezvimwe zvinhu zvinodzivirira. Zvakare, teerera matambudziko eutsi panguva yekuisa lamination kudzivirira mabubbles uye delamination. Kudzora kwedu kwakasimba kwekuisa lamination kunovimbisa kushanda kwakasimba kwebhodhi redunhu.
4. Kuedzwa Kwemhando Yepamusoro uye Kugadzirisa Matambudziko
Kuedzwa Kwekushanda Kwemagetsi: Shandisa michina yekuyedza yakasarudzika kuti uedze hunhu hwemagetsi hwebhodhi redunhu, kusanganisira resistance, capacitance, inductance, insulation resistance, uye signal transmission speed. Ita shuwa kuti mashandiro emagetsi anosangana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira uye kuti hunhu hwe dielectric constant uye low dielectric loss tangent hunhu hwe Panasonic M6 copper-clad laminate hunoshandiswa zvizere. Midziyo yedu yekuyedza yepamusoro uye yakazara inogona kuyedza zvese zvine chekuita nemagetsi ebhodhi redunhu.
Kuedza Kushanda Kwekupisa: Shandisa michina yekufungidzira kupisa kuti utarise tembiricha yekushanda kwebhodhi redunhu uye utarise kushanda kwekupisa. Ita bvunzo dzekupisa kuti utarise kugadzikana kwekushanda kwebhodhi redunhu mumamiriro ekupisa akasiyana. Kuedza kwedu kwakasimba kwekushanda kwekupisa kunoita kuti bhodhi redunhu rigare munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekushanda.
Kugadzirisa Matambudziko Uye Kugadzirisa: Mushure mekupedza kugadzira bhodhi redunhu, ita kugadzirisa nekugadzirisa. Gadzirisa maparamita edunhu zvichienderana nemigumisiro yebvunzo kuti uvandudze mashandiro uye kugadzikana kwebhodhi redunhu. Pamusoro pezvo, gara uchipfupikisa ruzivo nezvidzidzo zvakadzidzwa kuti urambe uchivandudza maitiro ekugadzira uye kugadzira mhinduro kuti ushandise zviri nani mabhenefiti ePanasonic M6 copper-clad laminate. Chikwata chedu chekugadzirisa nekugadzirisa chinogona kukurumidza uye nemazvo kugadzirisa kugadzirisa kuti chirambe chichivandudza mhando yechigadzirwa.
Muchidimbu, neruzivo rwedu rwakakura mukugadzira uye kunzwisisa kwakadzama kwezvinhu zvePanasonic M6 zvakaputirwa nemhangura, tine chivimbo chekupa vatengi vedu zvigadzirwa zvePCB zvemhando yepamusoro.