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PCB iyo ari yo yose ifite ubucucike bwinshi
IGITEKEREZO CY'IBANZE CYA HDI
HDI isobanura High Density Interconnector, ari na yo PCB ikora (ikoranabuhanga), ikoresha micro blind/ishyinguye binyuze mu ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo igere ku bucucike bunini. Ishobora kugera ku bipimo bito, imikorere myiza no kugabanya ikiguzi. HDI PCB ni ugushaka abashushanya, bahora batera imbere bagana ku bucucike bwinshi no gukora neza. Icyo bita "high" ntikinoza imikorere y'imashini gusa, ahubwo kinagabanya ingano y'imashini. Ikoranabuhanga rya High Density Integration (HDI) rishobora gutuma imiterere y'ibicuruzwa irushaho kuba nto, mu gihe ryujuje ibisabwa byo gukora no gukora neza mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga.
HDI PCB ubusanzwe ikubiyemo uburyo bwo gucukura hakoreshejwe laser blind via na mechanical drilling blind via. Ikoranabuhanga ryo kuyobora hagati y’imbere n’inyuma muri rusange rigerwaho binyuze mu nzira nko gucukura blind via, blind via, imyobo ishyizwe hamwe, imyobo izunguruka, cross blind/bury via, through, blind via filling electroplating, fine wire minor obscure and micro obscure in the disque, nibindi.
Hari ubwoko butandukanye bwa HDI PCB: urwego 1, urwego 2, urwego 3, urwego 4 n'urundi rwego ruhurirana.
● Imiterere ya HDI y'urwego rumwe: 1+N+1 (gukanda kabiri, gucukura hakoreshejwe laser rimwe).
● Imiterere ya HDI y'urwego rwa 2: 2+N+2 (gukanda inshuro 3, gucukura hakoreshejwe laser kabiri).
● Imiterere ya HDI y'urwego 3: 3+N+3 (gukanda inshuro 4, gucukura hakoreshejwe laser inshuro 3).
● Imiterere ya HDI y'urwego 4: 4+N+4 (gukanda inshuro 5, gucukura hakoreshejwe laser inshuro 4).
Dukurikije imiterere yavuzwe haruguru, dushobora kwemeza ko gucukura hakoreshejwe lazeri rimwe ari HDI y'urwego rumwe, kabiri ari HDI y'urwego rubiri, n'ibindi. Uburyo ubwo aribwo bwose bwo guhuza urwego bushobora gutangira gucukura hakoreshejwe lazeri uhereye ku kibaho cy'ibanze. Mu yandi magambo, icyo gucukura hakoreshejwe lazeri mbere yo gukanda ni HDI y'urwego urwo arirwo rwose.
Igitekerezo cy'igishushanyo cya HDI
1.Iyo duhuye n'igishushanyo mbonera gifite imyobo mu gace ka BGA ka PCB ifite ibyiciro byinshi, ariko kubera umwanya muto, tugomba gukoresha udupapuro twa BGA duto cyane n'imyobo mito cyane kugira ngo tugere ku kibaho cyuzuye, twabikora dute? Noneho twifuza kwerekana PCB ifite ubuziranenge bwo hejuru bwa HDI ikunze kuvugwa muri PCB nk'ibi bikurikira.
Uburyo bwo gucukura PCB busanzwe bugira ingaruka ku gikoresho cyo gucukura. Iyo ingano y'umwobo wo gucukura igeze kuri 0.15mm, igiciro kiba kiri hejuru cyane kandi biragoye kunoza byinshi. Ariko, bitewe n'umwanya muto, iyo ingano y'umwobo wa 0.1mm gusa ishobora kwemezwa, igitekerezo cy'igishushanyo cya HDI kirakenewe.
2. Gucukura HDI PCB ntibikishingiye ku gucukura bisanzwe, ahubwo bikoresha ikoranabuhanga ryo gucukura hakoreshejwe laser (rimwe na rimwe rizwi nka laser board). Ingano y'umwobo wo gucukura wa HDI muri rusange ni 3-5mil (0.076-0.127mm), ubugari bw'umurongo ni 3-4mil (0.076-0.10mm), ingano ya solder pads ishobora kugabanuka cyane, bityo hashobora kuboneka imirongo myinshi kuri buri gice, bigatuma habaho guhuza kw'imirongo.
Iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga rya HDI ryahinduye imiterere y'inganda za PCB, bituma habaho BGA nyinshi, QFP, n'ibindi byinshi kuri HDI PCB. Kuri ubu, ikoranabuhanga rya HDI ryakoreshejwe cyane, muri ryo hakaba harimo HDI y'urwego rumwe yakoreshejwe cyane mu gukora PCB hamwe na BGA ya 0.5pitch. Iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga rya HDI riri gutera imbere mu iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga rya chip, ari nabyo bituma ikoranabuhanga rya HDI ritera imbere.
Muri iki gihe, utumashini twa BGA twa 0.5pitch twagiye dukoreshwa cyane n’abahanga mu by’ubwubatsi, kandi imiyoboro ya BGA yagiye ihinduka buhoro buhoro kuva ku ishusho yo hagati cyangwa hasi ijya ku ishusho ifite ikimenyetso cy’itumanaho n’umusaruro hagati gisaba insinga.
3. HDI PCB muri rusange ikorwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gukusanya. Uko gukusanya inshuro nyinshi, niko urwego rwa tekiniki rw'ikibaho rurushaho kwiyongera. HDI PCB isanzwe ishyirwa hamwe inshuro imwe, mu gihe HDI yo hejuru ikoresha ikoranabuhanga ryo gukusanya inshuro ebyiri cyangwa zirenze, ndetse n'ikoranabuhanga rigezweho rya PCB nko gukusanya imyobo, kuzuza imyobo hakoreshejwe amashanyarazi no gucukura imiyoboro ya laser, nibindi.
HDI PCB ifasha mu gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo guteranya, kandi imikorere y'amashanyarazi n'ubunyangamugayo bw'amajwi biri hejuru ugereranyije na PCB isanzwe. Byongeye kandi, HDI ifite iterambere ryiza mu bijyanye no kubangamira umurongo wa radiyo, kubangamira umuraba wa elegitoronike, kugabanya umuraba wa elegitoronike no gutwara ubushyuhe, n'ibindi.
Porogaramu
HDI PCB ifite uburyo butandukanye bwo gukoresha mu ikoranabuhanga, nka:
-Big Data & AI: HDI PCB ishobora kunoza ubwiza bw'amajwi, ubuzima bwa bateri no guhuza imikorere ya telefoni zigendanwa, mu gihe ikagabanya uburemere n'ubugari bwazo. HDI PCB ishobora kandi gushyigikira iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga rishya nka 5G communication, AI na IoT, nibindi.
-Imodoka: HDI PCB ishobora kuzuza ibisabwa mu buryo bugoye kandi bwizewe bya sisitemu z'ikoranabuhanga z'imodoka, mu gihe yongera umutekano, ihumure n'ubwenge bw'imodoka. Ishobora kandi gukoreshwa mu mirimo nka radar y'imodoka, kuyobora imodoka, imyidagaduro no gufasha gutwara imodoka.
-Ubuvuzi: HDI PCB ishobora kunoza uburyo ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi bikorana neza, bikagira ubushobozi bwo kubyihanganira no kubyihanganira, mu gihe igabanya ingano yabyo n'ikoreshwa ry'ingufu. Ishobora kandi gukoreshwa mu nzego nko gufata amashusho mu buvuzi, gukurikirana, gusuzuma no kuvura.
Porogaramu zikoreshwa cyane za HDI PCB ni muri telefoni zigendanwa, kamera za digitale, AI, ibikoresho bya IC, mudasobwa zigendanwa, ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga by'imodoka, robots, drones, nibindi, bikoreshwa cyane mu nzego nyinshi.
