Ibyiciro bya Moduli

Igihombo gito cya PCB

1. Ibikoresho bya PCB bitakaza igihombo gito ni iki?

Bivuga ibikoresho bifite frequency yo hejuru bifite tangent yo gutakaza dielectric (Df) iri munsi ya 0.01, nka Rogers RO4350B na Isola 370HR.
2. Ni gute watandukanya ibikoresho bya PCB bifite igihombo gito n'ibisanzwe?

Suzuma ukoresheje agaciro ka dielectric (Dk) na Df. Ibikoresho bitakaza igihombo gito bifite Df nkeya kandi bifite ubushobozi bwo kudahungabana kwa Dk cyane ku murongo wo hejuru.
3. Ni hehe ibikoresho bitakaza amafaranga menshi bikunze gukoreshwa?

Porogaramu zirimo itumanaho rya 5G (milimetero y'umuraba), itumanaho rya satelite (Ka band), sisitemu za radar (ziri hejuru ya 30GHz), na za digitale zihuta cyane (28Gbps+).
4. Ni gute ibikoresho bitakaza igihombo gito bihenda kurusha ibisanzwe?

Ubusanzwe iri hejuru inshuro 2-5. Urugero, FR-4 igura hafi 100 CNY/m², mu gihe Rogers RO4350B iri hagati ya 500-800 CNY/m².
5. Ni izihe ngaruka z'agaciro ka Df ku ihererekanyamakuru?

Kuri buri kugabanuka kwa 0.001 kuri Df, igihombo cyo kohereza ibimenyetso bya 10GHz kigabanukaho hafi 0.5dB/10cm, bigatuma ubuziranenge bw'ibimenyetso burushaho kuba bwiza.
6. Ni ubuhe bushyuhe bw'imikorere y'ibikoresho bisanzwe bitakaza igihombo gito?

Rogers RO4350B: -40°C~280°C; Isola 370HR: -55°C~280°C.
7. Ese ibikoresho bitakaza igihombo kinini bikwiriye gushushanya imbaho zifite urwego rwinshi?

Yego, ishobora kugera ku gishushanyo mbonera cy’urujya n’uruza rw’amashanyarazi cyihuta cyane, ariko uburyo bwo guhuza hagati y’ibice bigomba kugenzurwa (≤±50μm).
8. Ni gute wahitamo dielectric constant (Dk) y'ibikoresho bitakaza igihombo gito?

Hitamo ukurikije ibisabwa ku miterere y’imirongo itwara amashanyarazi. Urugero, imirongo ya microstrip ya 50Ω ikunze gukoresha ibikoresho bifite Dr 2.2-3.5.
9. Ese ubushuhe bugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'ibikoresho bidatakaza cyane?

Yego, gukurura ubushuhe byongera Dk na Df. Ni byiza guteka kuri 125°C mu gihe cy'amasaha 4 kugira ngo ukureho ubushuhe mbere yo kubikoresha.
10. Ni ikihe gipimo cy’ibidashira by’umuriro ku bikoresho bidatakaza cyane?

Byinshi byujuje ibipimo bya UL94 V-0. Ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe bikozwe muri ceramic bisaba ubundi buryo bwo kubitunganya kugira ngo byuzuze ibisabwa mu kugabanya umuriro.
11. Ni gute wagenzura impedance mu gishushanyo cya PCB gifite igihombo gito?

Genzura binyuze mu kubara neza ubugari bw'umurongo, ubunini bwa dielectric, ubukana bwa foil y'umuringa (Ra≤0.5μm), no kunoza ukoresheje ibikoresho byo kwigana.
12. Ni ayahe mategeko akwiye gukurikizwa mu gutumanaho kw'amakuru yihuta cyane?

Irinde ibimenyetso by'inguni y'iburyo (byongera ishusho y'ishusho ku kigero cya ~10%), genzura umubare w'ibipimo (buri kimwe gitera igihombo cya ~0.2dB), kandi ukomeze ibimenyetso by'uburebure bungana (kunyura
13. Ni gute wagabanya ingaruka zo kuvugana ku buryo bworoshye ku bikoresho bya PCB bitakaza amafaranga make?

Komeza itegeko rya 3W ku bijyanye n'intera y'umurongo (ikubye 3 ubugari bw'umurongo), koresha uburyo bwo gutandukanya ubutaka, kandi ugabanye uburebure bw'imirongo ihuriranye.
14. Ni gute washushanya imiterere y'amashanyarazi n'ubutaka?

Koresha imiterere ingana yo gukusanya ibintu ifite intera iri hagati y’urwego rw’amashanyarazi n’ubutaka ≤0.1mm kugira ngo ugabanye urusaku rw’ingufu (uhagarike EMI na ~20dB).
15. Ese imiyoboro y'amazi idafite aho ihuriye n'amazi ishobora gukoreshwa mu miyoboro ya PCB itakaza amafaranga make?

Yego, ariko ubukana bw'urukuta rw'imyobo bugomba kugenzurwa (Ra≤1μm); bitabaye ibyo, igihombo cya 0.3dB kuri santimetero imwe y'urukuta rw'imyobo cyongerwaho.
16. Ese imiterere y'ubushyuhe ni ingenzi kuri PCB zitakaza igihombo gito?

Ikomeye. Ingufu nyinshi zongerera ingufu. Koresha ibikoresho bya dielectric bifite ubushyuhe bukabije ≥1W/mK.
17. Ni gute wakora imiyoboro ihuza abantu?

Koresha microstrip baluns na LC matching circuits kugira ngo ukomeze gutakaza return back down iri munsi ya -20dB (10GHz band).
18. Ese PCB itakaza make isaba igishushanyo cyihariye cya pad?

Yego. Udupira tugomba gusigwa zahabu ikomeye (ubunini bwa ≥3μm) kugira ngo hirindwe ko ogisijeni yagira ingaruka ku mikorere y’urumuri rwinshi.
19. Ni ibihe bintu bigomba kwitabwaho mu bijyanye no guhinduranya ibimenyetso?

Komeza ubugari bw'umurongo hagati y'umurongo na 1:1, genzura impedance kuri 100Ω±5%, kandi ukomeze ikosa ryo guhuza ibintu
20. Ni gute wakwitwara mu gihe cyo guhuza ibimenyetso byihuse cyane?

Koresha Thevenin cyangwa AC termination matching kugira ngo ugume ufite reflection coefficient iri munsi ya 0.1 (18GHz band).
21. Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya PCB ikora igihombo gito n'inganda zisanzwe za PCB?

Bisaba kugenzura cyane ubushyuhe bwa lamination (ihindagurika rya ± 2°C), gucukura neza cyane (kwihanganira aperture ± 25μm), no gucukura electroplating imwe.
22. Ni izihe nzira zisanzwe zo gucukura PCB zidafite igihombo kinini?

Gucukura hakoreshejwe laser (umwobo ntarengwa 0.1mm) cyangwa gucukura CNC (umwobo ntarengwa 0.2mm), hamwe no kugenzura ubukana bw'urukuta rw'umwobo.
23. Ni izihe ngaruka zo gusimbuza ibyuma bigabanya igihombo ku bikoresho bya PCB?

Gukoresha lamination idakwiye bituma habaho gukuraho dielectric. Gukoresha lamination y'amashanyarazi hakoreshejwe vacuum cleaner hamwe n'umuvuduko ugenzurwa kuri 5-8MPa ni byiza.
24. Ni izihe ngaruka zo guhitamo foil y'umuringa ku gihombo?

Koresha RTF copper foil (Ra≤0.3μm), bigabanya igihombo cya 15%-20% ugereranije na foil isanzwe y'umuringa.
25. Ni gute wagenzura ingaruka mbi za PCB zitakaza agaciro gake?

Teka kuri 150°C mu gihe cy'amasaha 2 nyuma yo gusya kugira ngo wongere imbaraga, hamwe na warpage ≤0.7%.
26. Ni gute wahitamo inzira zo kurangiza ubuso?

Ku bijyanye n'inshuro nyinshi, ENIG cyangwa silver yo mu mazi irasabwa kugira ngo hirindwe oxidation ya OSP ku bushyuhe bwinshi, ibyo bikaba byongera igihombo.
27. Ubugari bw'umurongo ntarengwa n'intera iri hagati ya PCB zidafite igihombo kinini ni iyihe?

Uburyo busanzwe: 4mil/4mil; uburyo bugezweho: 2mil/2mil.
28. Ni izihe ngaruka za maske ya solder ku kubura kw'ikimenyetso?

Ubwinshi bukabije bw'agapfukamunwa ka soldering mask bugomba kuba ≤0.02. Ubunini bukabije byongera igihombo (0.1dB/10cm kuri 10μm).
29. Ni gute wakwizeza ko intera hagati y’impande zombi iri mu mbaho zifite intera nyinshi?

Koresha imashini zipima neza cyane za LDI (uburyo bwo guhuza ± 25μm) hamwe n'udupira two gushyiramo ibintu mu mwanya wabyo.
30. Igipimo gisanzwe cy'ibisigazwa ku nganda za PCB zikora ibintu bidafite igihombo kinini ni ikihe?

Hafi 10%-15%, ahanini biterwa no kudahuza kwa dielectric na impedance.
31. Ni gute wapima agaciro ka Df ka PCB zifite igihombo gito?

Koresha imashini isesengura imiyoboro ya vector (VNA) ifite ibikoresho byo gusuzuma mikorosi, ikubiyemo umurongo w'impinduka z'amajwi.
32. Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kwihanganira igeragezwa rya impedance?

Impedance imwe ± 10%, impedance y'itandukaniro ± 8%, bisaba gupimwa ahantu henshi.
33. Ni gute wamenya imbaraga zo guhuza hagati y’ibice bya PCB bitakaza igihombo gito?

Binyuze mu igeragezwa ry’imbaraga z’igishishwa, bisaba imbaraga zo guhuza hagati y’icyuma cy’umuringa n’urwego rwa dielectric ≥1.5N/mm.
34. Ni ubuhe buryo busanzwe bwo gupima igihombo cy'ibimenyetso?

Koresha TDR cyangwa VNA. Gerageza igihombo cy'umurongo wa 10cm wo kohereza ubutumwa ≤3dB (10GHz).
35. Ni gute wagenzura ubushyuhe bwa PCB?

Kora isuzuma ry'ihindagurika ry'ikirere (260°C, cycles 10), udasaba gutandukanya cyangwa gufungura circuits.
36. Ni iki gipimo cya EMI gikoreshwa ku bipimo bya PCB bifite igihombo gito?

Ibyuka bihumanya ikirere bigomba kubahiriza EN 55032 Class B, bifite ubushobozi bwo kurinda ≥40dB (1GHz).
37. Ni gute wamenya imikorere ya vias ifite frequency yo hejuru?

Binyuze mu igerageza rya S-parameter, bisaba gutakaza insertion ya single binyuze kuri ≤0.5dB (15GHz).
38. Ni iki gisabwa kugira ngo hamenyekane niba ari ukuri kw'ikizamini ku gaciro ka Dr?

Ikosa ryo gupima ≤±0.05, hakoreshejwe ibikoresho by'igerageza byagenzuwe neza.
39. Ni gute wasuzuma niba PCB zizewe?

Kora isuzuma ry’ubushyuhe butose (85°C/85% RH, amasaha 1000), hamwe no kwangirika k’imikorere
40. Ni ibihe bintu biri mu igeragezwa ry’ubuziranenge bw’ibimenyetso?

Ikizamini cy'ishusho y'amaso (uburebure bw'amaso ≥80%), ikizamini cya jitter (RJ+DJ ≤5% by'urusobe rw'amajwi), ikizamini cya crosstalk (intertalk iri hafi ≤-30dB).
41. Ni ibihe bintu bisanzwe bikoreshwa kuri PCB zitakaza amafaranga make muri sitasiyo za 5G?

AAU (Antena Unit Ikora), module za RF front-end, zisaba igihombo gito mu migozi ya milimetero (24-40GHz).
42. Ni uruhe ruhare rwa PCB zidafite igihombo kinini muri seriveri?

Ishyigikira imiyoboro yihuta cyane nka PCIe 5.0 (32GT/s) na DDR5 (6400Mbps), bigabanya kugabanuka kw'amajwi.
43. Ni gute wakemura ikibazo cyo kugabanya cyane ibimenyetso?

Reba neza ibikoresho bya Df, ubukana bwa foil y'umuringa, ukurikije imiterere, n'ubugari bwa maske yo gusoda.
44. Ni izihe mpamvu zisanzwe zitera kutumvikana kw'impedance?

Guhindagurika k'ubugari bwa Dielectric, amakosa mu gutunganya ubugari bw'umurongo, n'umuvuduko utaringaniye wa lamination bigatuma habaho ihinduka rya Dk.
45. Ni gute wakemura ikibazo cyo gushonga k'ubushyuhe bwa PCBs zidatakaza igihombo kinini?

Ongera uruziga rw'ubushyuhe (umurambararo ≥0.4mm, intera ≤1mm) kandi ukoreshe ibikoresho by'ubushyuhe.
46. Ni gute wakwitwara mu gukemura ikibazo cyo gucika kw'ibice bya PCB bifite igihombo gito?

Reba ibipimo bya lamination n'ubushuhe bw'ibikoresho, kandi wirinde kubika ahantu hashyushye cyane.
47. Ni gute wamenya urusaku mu ihererekanyamakuru ry’amajwi rikoresha frequency yo hejuru?

Koresha uburyo bwo gupima hafi y'aho uherereye kugira ngo wibande ku buryo ingufu zihurira, binyuze mu gupima, n'ibindi.
48. Ese PCB zidafite igihombo kinini zishobora gukoreshwa mu bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga by'imodoka?

Yego, ikwiriye radar za ADAS za millimeter wave (77GHz), ariko igomba kuzuza ibipimo by'ubwizerwe bya AEC-Q200.
49. Ni gute wagabanya imirasire y'ibimenyetso ku nkengero za PCB?

Ongeraho uruzitiro rw'ubutaka (intera ya ≤50mil) hanyuma utwikire impande n'ibikoresho bikurura umuraba.
50. Uburyo bwo kugabanya ikiguzi cya PCB gitakaza igihombo gito?

Kunoza imiterere y'urwego rw'ibipimo, koresha ibikoresho bisanzwe, kandi ubyaze umusaruro mwinshi (ugabanye igiciro cya buri kimwe ho ~ 30%).
51. Ese hari ubundi buryo buhendutse bwo gukoresha ibikoresho bitakaza igihombo gito?

Tekereza ku bikoresho bya FR-4 byihuta cyane (urugero, Megtron 6, Df = 0.012), bigabanye ikiguzi ku kigero cya ~ 40%.
52. Ni gute wahuza imikorere n'ikiguzi?

Hitamo ibikoresho ukurikije inshuro nyazo z'imikorere, urugero, ibikoresho bigabanya igihombo kiri hagati ya 2-6GHz.
53. Ni ibihe bintu bigira ingaruka ku ikiguzi cy’umusaruro mwinshi wa PCB zidafite igihombo kinini?

Igiciro cy'ibikoresho, uburyo ibintu bihinduka (urugero: imbaho zifite urwego rwinshi, inzira zihishe/zishyinguwe), n'umusaruro.
54. Ni gute wagenzura ibiciro byo gukora PCB nkeya mu buryo bworoshye?

Koresha igishushanyo mbonera cy'aho hantu, worohereze inzira (urugero, gabanya uburyo bwo gufunga/guhisha), hanyuma uhitemo abatanga serivisi bo mu gace utuyemo.
55. Ni ubuhe buryo busanzwe bwo kugura ibikoresho bitakaza igihombo kinini?

Ibikoresho bitumizwa mu mahanga: ~ibyumweru 4-6; ibindi bikoresho byo mu rugo: byagabanijwe kugeza ku byumweru 2-3.
56. Ese ikiguzi cy'ibikoresho gishobora kugabanuka binyuze mu kunoza imiterere y'igishushanyo mbonera?

Yego, gabanya umubare w'ibikoresho kandi ukoreshe ingano zisanzwe z'ibikoresho (urugero, 18"×24") kugira ngo ugabanye imyanda y'ibikoresho.
57. Ni gute wabarura ikiguzi cy'ibisigazwa bya PCB bitakaza igihombo gito?

Harimo amafaranga y'ibikoresho, amafaranga yo gutunganya, n'amafaranga yo kuvugurura imirimo, angana na ~ 15%-20% by'amafaranga yose.
58. Ese gukodesha ibikoresho byo gukora PCB mu buryo buciriritse birahendutse?

Ihendutse ku musaruro w’igerageza mu buryo bworoshye, igabanya ishoramari ry’umutungo udahinduka ku kigero cya ~60%.
59. Ese ikiguzi cyo kongera gukoresha PCB zitakaza igihombo kiri hejuru?

Hejuru, bisaba gutunganya ibintu byihariye; amafaranga yo kongera gukoresha ibikoresho agize ~ 10% by'amafaranga yo gukora.
60. Ni ayahe mahame mpuzamahanga agenga PCB zitakaza igihombo gito?

IPC-4101 (ibipimo by'ibikoresho), IEC 61189 (uburyo bwo gupima), RoHS 2.0 (ibisabwa ku bidukikije).
61. Ni gute wabona icyemezo cya UL ku bikoresho bya PCB bifite igihombo gito?

Tanga ingero kugira ngo zikoreshwe mu gutwika no gupima imikorere y'amashanyarazi; icyemezo kimara ibyumweru 4-6.
62. Ni ayahe mahame PCB zo mu rwego rw'imodoka zigomba kubahiriza?

AEC-Q200 (kwizerwa kw'ibice bidakora), ISO 26262 (umutekano w'imikorere).
63. Ni ibihe bisabwa byihariye kuri PCB zitakaza igihombo gito mu kirere?

Ugomba gutsinda icyemezo cya MIL-P-55110 (ibipimo bya mikoroonde) n'ibizamini byo gupima ibidukikije cyane.
64. Ni ibihe bipimo ngenderwaho ku bidukikije ku bikoresho bigabanya igihombo kinini?

Ugomba kubahiriza amabwiriza ya RoHS (agabanya ibintu 6 byangiza nk'ubutare na mercure) hamwe n'amabwiriza ya REACH.
65. Ni gute wasaba icyemezo cya CE ku bikoresho bya PCB bifite igihombo gito?

Gukora ibizamini bya EMC na LVD; icyemezo kimara amezi 2-3.
66. Ni ibihe bisabwa kugira ngo habeho icyemezo cy’uko PCB zidafite igihombo kinini mu bikoresho by’ubuvuzi?

Kuzuza ibisabwa na ISO 13485 (imicungire y'ubuziranenge bw'ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi) hamwe n'icyemezo cya FDA 510 (k).
67. Ni kangahe amahame ngenderwaho y’inganda ku bikoresho bya PCB bifite igihombo gito avugururwa?

Amahame ya IPC avugururwa buri myaka 3-5 kugira ngo ahuzwe n'ikoranabuhanga rishya.
68. Ni gute wakwizeza ko PCB zidafite igihombo kinini zujuje ibisabwa bya gisirikare?

Kora ibizamini by’ubwizerwe nko gupima umunyu (amasaha 96) no gupima vibration (20-2000Hz).
69. Ni izihe nzego zitanga icyemezo ku byerekeye PCB zifite igihombo gito?

SGS, Intertek, TÜV Rheinland, nibindi
70. Ni ibihe byerekezo by'iterambere ry'ejo hazaza rya PCB zifite igihombo gito?

Guteza imbere Df iri hasi (
71. Ni gute ubuhanga bwo gukora imashini (AI) bugira ingaruka ku gishushanyo cya PCB gitakaza amafaranga make?

Igishushanyo mbonera gifashijwe na AI gifasha mu kunoza uburyo bwo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga (kinoza imikorere yacyo ku kigero cya 40%) kandi kigahanura ibibazo by’ubuziranenge bw’ibimenyetso.
72. Ni gute ibikoresho bishya bigira ingaruka kuri PCB zitakaza igihombo gito?

Ibikoresho bya Ceramic matrix (Df
73. Ese ikoranabuhanga ryo gucapa rya 3D rishobora gukoreshwa kuri PCB zitakaza igihombo gito?

Ubu ifite imipaka bitewe n'ubuziranenge (ubugari bw'umurongo ≥ 10 mil), ariko byitezwe ko izagera ku igenamigambi ryihuse mu gihe kizaza
74. Ni iyihe gahunda yo guhuza PCB zigabanya igihombo kinini n'amapaki ya SiP?

Kugera ku rwego rwo hejuru rwo gushyiramo utumashini duto (chips) n'ibice bidakora (passive components), bigabanye igihombo cyo kohereza amajwi.
75. Ni ibihe bisabwa kugira ngo PCB zitagira igihombo kinini mu itumanaho rya quantum zigomba kuba zikenewe?

Gukenera ibikoresho bitakaza igihombo gito cyane (Df
76. Ni ibihe bisabwa kugira ngo PCB zitagira igihombo kinini mu ikoranabuhanga rya 6G?

Igomba gushyigikira imirongo ya terahertz (100-300GHz) hamwe na Df≤0.0015.
77. Ni gute inganda zikora ibikomoka ku bidukikije zikoreshwa ku bikoresho bya PCB bitakaza igihombo gito?

Koresha uburyo bwo gushushanya bushingiye ku mazi n'uburyo bwo gusora budafite icyuma gifunga kugira ngo ugabanye ikoreshwa ry'ingufu ku kigero cya ~25%.
78. Ni iyihe ntambwe yatewe mu gukora PCB mu buryo bw'ubwenge?

Kumenya uburyo bwo kugenzura imiterere y'ibikorwa mu gihe nyacyo binyuze muri sisitemu za MES, bikongera umusaruro ku kigero cya 15%.
79. Ubushakashatsi ku ikoranabuhanga ryo kwisana ubwaryo ku bikoresho bya PCB bitakaza amafaranga make buhagaze gute?

Gusuzuma ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho by'ubwenge (urugero, imiterere y'icyuma gifata amashusho) mu gusana imiyoboro mito.
80. Ni gute wahitamo abatanga PCB bafite igihombo gito?

Suzuma ubushobozi bwo gukora (ubugari bw'umurongo ntarengwa, umubare w'ibice), icyemezo, igihe cyo gutanga, na serivisi nyuma yo kugurisha.
81. Ni bande batanga ibikoresho bya PCB bizwi ku rwego mpuzamahanga mu gihombo gito?

Rogers, Isola, Panasonic, Taconic.
82. Ni abahe batanga ibikoresho bya PCB byo mu rugo bifite igihombo gito basabwa?

Ikoranabuhanga rya Shengyi, Ibikoresho Bishya bya Huazheng, Jingangguoji, bifite ibyiza bifatika ku giciro no ku mikorere myiza.
83. Ese inkunga y'ikoranabuhanga y'abatanga serivisi ni ingenzi?

Ni ngombwa; bagomba gutanga serivisi zo guhitamo ibikoresho, ubuyobozi bw'imikorere, na serivisi zo gusesengura ibyananiranye.
84. Ni gute wasuzuma ubushobozi bw'umutanga serivisi mu gutanga ibicuruzwa?

Genzura ubushobozi bw'umusaruro (sq.m/ukwezi) n'igipimo cyo gutanga umusaruro ku gihe (≥95%).
85. Ni izihe ngingo zigomba gushyirwa mu masezerano y’isoko rya PCB y’igihombo gito?

Ibipimo by'imikorere, ibipimo by'iyemerwa, inshingano zo kutubahiriza amategeko, gutunga umutungo bwite mu by'ubwenge, n'ibindi.
86. Ni gute wasuzuma uburyo bwo kugenzura ubuziranenge bw'umutanga serivisi?

Ugomba kuba ufite icyemezo cya ISO 9001 no gusuzuma amakuru ya SPC (igenzura ry’imibare).
87. Ni gute wakwita ku bicuruzwa bidafite aho bihuriye n'ibyo utanga ibicuruzwa?

Garagaza ingingo zo kugaruza/gusimbuza mu masezerano; gusaba indishyi niba igipimo cy'inenge kirenze 5%.
88. Ni izihe nyungu zo gukorana n'abatanga ibicuruzwa igihe kirekire?

Kubona igabanyirizwa ry'ibiciro (~5%-10%), gahunda y'ibyihutirwa, no gusangira ibya tekiniki.
89. Ni gute wagenzura inshingano z'umutanga serivisi ku bidukikije?

Gusaba raporo z'ibizamini bya RoHS n'icyemezo cya sisitemu yo gucunga ibidukikije (ISO 14001).
90. Ni izihe ngamba zo gutwara abantu ku bikoresho bya PCB bitakaza igihombo kinini?

Koresha ipaki irwanya static, wirinde extrusion/deformation, kandi ugenzure ubushyuhe buri kuri 5-35℃.
91. Ni ibihe bintu bigomba kubikwa ku bikoresho bya PCB bitakaza igihombo kinini?

Ahantu humutse (ubushuhe buri munsi ya 40%), ubushyuhe buri hagati ya 20-25°C, igihe cyo kubika amazi mu gihe cy'amezi 12.
92. Ni iyihe nzira yo gusukura PCB zidafite igihombo kinini?

Birasabwa gukoresha imiti isukura ishingiye ku mazi; kwirinda imiti isukura irimo chlorine kugira ngo hirindwe kwangirika kw'ibintu.
93. Ni gute wakwitwara ku bisigazwa bya PCB bidafite igihombo kinini?

Gushyikiriza ibigo by’inzobere mu gutunganya ibikoresho kugira ngo hirindwe kwanduza ibidukikije.
94. Ni ibihe bisabwa kugira ngo PCB zigire igihombo gito zigomba gushyirwaho?

Ugomba kwandika ubwoko bw'ibikoresho, inomero ya verisiyo, itariki yo gukora, n'urwego rwo kugenzura impedance.
95. Ni iki gipimo cy'ikiguzi cyo gupakira kuri PCB zidafite igihombo kinini?

Bingana na ~ 3%-5% by'ikiguzi cyose; ibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru bisaba gupakira ibintu bivamo umwuka + imiti yo gusukura.
96. Ni gute wahugura abakora PCB kugira ngo bakore ibihombo bike?

Gutanga amahugurwa yihariye ku miterere y'ibikoresho, imiterere y'ibikorwa, n'imikorere y'ibikoresho (igihe cy'amahugurwa ~ icyumweru 1).
97. Ni ubuhe buryo bworoshye bwo gusana PCB zidafite igihombo kinini?

Ingorane nyinshi; ikenera ibikoresho byihariye (urugero, aho bashyiramo laser rework) kandi ishobora kwangiza urwego rwa dielectric.
98. Ni ibihe bisabwa mu gucunga inyandiko ku bikoresho bya PCB bifite igihombo gito?

Agomba kubika dosiye z'igishushanyo mbonera, ibipimo by'imikorere, raporo z'ibizamini, nibindi, byibuze mu gihe cy'imyaka 5.

Igihombo gito cya PCB

1. Ibikoresho bya PCB bitakaza igihombo gito ni iki?

2. Ni gute watandukanya ibikoresho bya PCB bifite igihombo gito n'ibisanzwe?

3. Ni hehe ibikoresho bitakaza amafaranga menshi bikunze gukoreshwa?

4. Ni gute ibikoresho bitakaza igihombo gito bihenda kurusha ibisanzwe?

5. Ni izihe ngaruka z'agaciro ka Df ku ihererekanyamakuru?

6. Ni ubuhe bushyuhe bw'imikorere y'ibikoresho bisanzwe bitakaza igihombo gito?

7. Ese ibikoresho bitakaza igihombo kinini bikwiriye gushushanya imbaho ​​zifite urwego rwinshi?

8. Ni gute wahitamo dielectric constant (Dk) y'ibikoresho bitakaza igihombo gito?

9. Ese ubushuhe bugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'ibikoresho bidatakaza cyane?

10. Ni ikihe gipimo cy’ibidashira by’umuriro ku bikoresho bidatakaza cyane?

11. Ni gute wagenzura impedance mu gishushanyo cya PCB gifite igihombo gito?

12. Ni ayahe mategeko akwiye gukurikizwa mu gutumanaho kw'amakuru yihuta cyane?

13. Ni gute wagabanya ingaruka zo kuvugana ku buryo bworoshye ku bikoresho bya PCB bitakaza amafaranga make?

14. Ni gute washushanya imiterere y'amashanyarazi n'ubutaka?

15. Ese imiyoboro y'amazi idafite aho ihuriye n'amazi ishobora gukoreshwa mu miyoboro ya PCB itakaza amafaranga make?

16. Ese imiterere y'ubushyuhe ni ingenzi kuri PCB zitakaza igihombo gito?

17. Ni gute wakora imiyoboro ihuza abantu?

18. Ese PCB itakaza make isaba igishushanyo cyihariye cya pad?

19. Ni ibihe bintu bigomba kwitabwaho mu bijyanye no guhinduranya ibimenyetso?

20. Ni gute wakwitwara mu gihe cyo guhuza ibimenyetso byihuse cyane?

21. Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya PCB ikora igihombo gito n'inganda zisanzwe za PCB?

22. Ni izihe nzira zisanzwe zo gucukura PCB zidafite igihombo kinini?

23. Ni izihe ngaruka zo gusimbuza ibyuma bigabanya igihombo ku bikoresho bya PCB?

24. Ni izihe ngaruka zo guhitamo foil y'umuringa ku gihombo?

25. Ni gute wagenzura ingaruka mbi za PCB zitakaza agaciro gake?

26. Ni gute wahitamo inzira zo kurangiza ubuso?

27. Ubugari bw'umurongo ntarengwa n'intera iri hagati ya PCB zidafite igihombo kinini ni iyihe?

28. Ni izihe ngaruka za maske ya solder ku kubura kw'ikimenyetso?

29. Ni gute wakwizeza ko intera hagati y’impande zombi iri mu mbaho ​​zifite intera nyinshi?

30. Igipimo gisanzwe cy'ibisigazwa ku nganda za PCB zikora ibintu bidafite igihombo kinini ni ikihe?

31. Ni gute wapima agaciro ka Df ka PCB zifite igihombo gito?

32. Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kwihanganira igeragezwa rya impedance?

33. Ni gute wamenya imbaraga zo guhuza hagati y’ibice bya PCB bitakaza igihombo gito?

34. Ni ubuhe buryo busanzwe bwo gupima igihombo cy'ibimenyetso?

35. Ni gute wagenzura ubushyuhe bwa PCB?

36. Ni iki gipimo cya EMI gikoreshwa ku bipimo bya PCB bifite igihombo gito?

37. Ni gute wamenya imikorere ya vias ifite frequency yo hejuru?

38. Ni iki gisabwa kugira ngo hamenyekane niba ari ukuri kw'ikizamini ku gaciro ka Dr?

39. Ni gute wasuzuma niba PCB zizewe?

40. Ni ibihe bintu biri mu igeragezwa ry’ubuziranenge bw’ibimenyetso?

41. Ni ibihe bintu bisanzwe bikoreshwa kuri PCB zitakaza amafaranga make muri sitasiyo za 5G?

42. Ni uruhe ruhare rwa PCB zidafite igihombo kinini muri seriveri?

43. Ni gute wakemura ikibazo cyo kugabanya cyane ibimenyetso?

44. Ni izihe mpamvu zisanzwe zitera kutumvikana kw'impedance?

45. Ni gute wakemura ikibazo cyo gushonga k'ubushyuhe bwa PCBs zidatakaza igihombo kinini?

46. ​​Ni gute wakwitwara mu gukemura ikibazo cyo gucika kw'ibice bya PCB bifite igihombo gito?

47. Ni gute wamenya urusaku mu ihererekanyamakuru ry’amajwi rikoresha frequency yo hejuru?

48. Ese PCB zidafite igihombo kinini zishobora gukoreshwa mu bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga by'imodoka?

49. Ni gute wagabanya imirasire y'ibimenyetso ku nkengero za PCB?

50. Uburyo bwo kugabanya ikiguzi cya PCB gitakaza igihombo gito?

51. Ese hari ubundi buryo buhendutse bwo gukoresha ibikoresho bitakaza igihombo gito?

52. Ni gute wahuza imikorere n'ikiguzi?

53. Ni ibihe bintu bigira ingaruka ku ikiguzi cy’umusaruro mwinshi wa PCB zidafite igihombo kinini?

54. Ni gute wagenzura ibiciro byo gukora PCB nkeya mu buryo bworoshye?

55. Ni ubuhe buryo busanzwe bwo kugura ibikoresho bitakaza igihombo kinini?

56. Ese ikiguzi cy'ibikoresho gishobora kugabanuka binyuze mu kunoza imiterere y'igishushanyo mbonera?

57. Ni gute wabarura ikiguzi cy'ibisigazwa bya PCB bitakaza igihombo gito?

58. Ese gukodesha ibikoresho byo gukora PCB mu buryo buciriritse birahendutse?

59. Ese ikiguzi cyo kongera gukoresha PCB zitakaza igihombo kiri hejuru?

60. Ni ayahe mahame mpuzamahanga agenga PCB zitakaza igihombo gito?

61. Ni gute wabona icyemezo cya UL ku bikoresho bya PCB bifite igihombo gito?

62. Ni ayahe mahame PCB zo mu rwego rw'imodoka zigomba kubahiriza?

63. Ni ibihe bisabwa byihariye kuri PCB zitakaza igihombo gito mu kirere?

64. Ni ibihe bipimo ngenderwaho ku bidukikije ku bikoresho bigabanya igihombo kinini?

65. Ni gute wasaba icyemezo cya CE ku bikoresho bya PCB bifite igihombo gito?

66. Ni ibihe bisabwa kugira ngo habeho icyemezo cy’uko PCB zidafite igihombo kinini mu bikoresho by’ubuvuzi?

67. Ni kangahe amahame ngenderwaho y’inganda ku bikoresho bya PCB bifite igihombo gito avugururwa?

68. Ni gute wakwizeza ko PCB zidafite igihombo kinini zujuje ibisabwa bya gisirikare?

69. Ni izihe nzego zitanga icyemezo ku byerekeye PCB zifite igihombo gito?

70. Ni ibihe byerekezo by'iterambere ry'ejo hazaza rya PCB zifite igihombo gito?

71. Ni gute ubuhanga bwo gukora imashini (AI) bugira ingaruka ku gishushanyo cya PCB gitakaza amafaranga make?

72. Ni gute ibikoresho bishya bigira ingaruka kuri PCB zitakaza igihombo gito?

73. Ese ikoranabuhanga ryo gucapa rya 3D rishobora gukoreshwa kuri PCB zitakaza igihombo gito?

74. Ni iyihe gahunda yo guhuza PCB zigabanya igihombo kinini n'amapaki ya SiP?

75. Ni ibihe bisabwa kugira ngo PCB zitagira igihombo kinini mu itumanaho rya quantum zigomba kuba zikenewe?

76. Ni ibihe bisabwa kugira ngo PCB zitagira igihombo kinini mu ikoranabuhanga rya 6G?

77. Ni gute inganda zikora ibikomoka ku bidukikije zikoreshwa ku bikoresho bya PCB bitakaza igihombo gito?

78. Ni iyihe ntambwe yatewe mu gukora PCB mu buryo bw'ubwenge?

79. Ubushakashatsi ku ikoranabuhanga ryo kwisana ubwaryo ku bikoresho bya PCB bitakaza amafaranga make buhagaze gute?

7. Ese ibikoresho bitakaza igihombo kinini bikwiriye gushushanya imbaho zifite urwego rwinshi?

29. Ni gute wakwizeza ko intera hagati y’impande zombi iri mu mbaho zifite intera nyinshi?

46. Ni gute wakwitwara mu gukemura ikibazo cyo gucika kw'ibice bya PCB bifite igihombo gito?