Izigaba Zemodyuli

I-PCB yemvamisa ephezulu

1. Iyini ibhodi eqinile ye-PCB evame kakhulu?

Ibhodi lesifunda eliphrintiwe lokudluliswa kwesignali ngesivinini esikhulu elinomvamisa osebenzayo ongu-≥1GHz, elidinga izinto ezine-dielectric constant ephansi (Dk
2. Yimuphi umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwama-PCB asebenza kakhulu nama-PCB avamile?

Isebenzisa izinto ezinciphisa ukulahleka (njengeRogers 4350B), ezinokubekezelela ububanzi bomugqa ±0.01mm, ukunemba kokulawula isikhala sesendlalelo sesiginali ±5%, kanye nokunemba kokulawula ukuvinjelwa ±5Ω.
3. Yiziphi izimo ezijwayelekile zokusetshenziswa kwama-PCB asebenza imvamisa ephezulu?

Iziteshi zesisekelo ze-5G (24.25-52.6GHz), ukuxhumana kwesathelayithi (ibhendi ye-Ka 26.5-40GHz), i-radar yamagagasi angamamilimitha (77GHz), izikhungo zedatha ezinesivinini esikhulu (100Gbps+).
4. Ubuqotho besiginali yama-PCB asebenza ngesivinini esiphezulu buchazwa kanjani?

Kuhlolwa ngokwezibalo ngamapharamitha anjengokulahlekelwa kokufakwa (
5. Yiziphi izici ezinquma ukulahleka kwe-dielectric kwamabhodi aqinile e-PCB avame kakhulu?

Okuhlobene nesakhiwo sama-molecule esibonakalayo, izinga lokushisa (i-Df inyuka ngo-3%-5% kukho konke ukunyuka okungu-10℃), kanye nemvamisa (i-Df iyanda ngesikwele semvamisa).
6. Yiziphi izinto ezivamile ze-PCB ezivame kakhulu?

I-Rogers 4350B (Dk=3.48, Df=0.0037), i-Taconic TLY-5 (Dk=2.2, Df=0.0009), i-Isola 370HR (Dk=3.6, Df=0.004).
7. Izinto ezahlukene zithinta kanjani ukudluliswa kwesignali?

Izinto ze-Dk eziphansi zinciphisa ukubambezeleka kokudlulisela (isb., izinto ze-Dk=2.2 zinokubambezeleka okusheshayo okungu-25% kune-FR-4), kanti i-Df ephansi inciphisa ukuncishiswa kwesignali (ukulahlekelwa kuphansi ngo-70% kune-FR-4 uma i-Df=0.001).
8. Ukumuncwa kwamanzi kwezinto kuthinta kanjani ama-PCB avame kakhulu?

Ukumuncwa kwamanzi >0.5% kubangela ukuguquguquka kwe-Dk okungaphezu kuka-5%. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa izinto ezimuncwa amanzi
9. Ungazikhetha kanjani izinto ze-PCB ezifanele amabhendi emvamisa yamagagasi angamamilimitha?

Beka izinto ezibalulekile nge-Dk
10. Iyini indima yezinto zokugcwalisa i-ceramic ekusebenzeni kwezinto ezivame kakhulu?

Ukwengeza i-aluminium oxide ceramics kungandisa i-Tg yezinto ezibonakalayo ibe ngu-280℃+ futhi kunciphise i-coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) ibe ngu-2-3ppm/℃, kuthuthukiswe ukuzinza kokushisa okuphezulu.
11. Liyini inani elincane lomklamo lobubanzi/isikhala somugqa wama-PCB asebenzisa imvamisa ephezulu?

Ezinqubweni ezivamile, ububanzi/isikhala somugqa ≥50μm; izinqubo ezithuthukisiwe zingafinyelela ku-30μm, okudinga ukuhambisana kokulawula ukuvinjelwa.
12. Yimaphi amaphuzu abalulekile ekwakhiweni kwe-stack-up kwama-PCB anezingqimba eziningi ezivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu?

Sebenzisa ukuhlanganisa okulinganayo, ngesikhala esingu-≤0.1mm phakathi kwezingqimba zamandla nomhlabathi kanye no-≤0.05mm phakathi kwezingqimba zesignali nezereferensi ukuze unciphise ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic.
13. Uyini umthelela we-vias kumasignali avame kakhulu nokuthi ungawasebenzisa kanjani kahle?

Ama-vias avamile abangela ukulahlekelwa yi--3dB ku-10GHz. Ukusebenzisa i-back-drilling (ukususa ubude be-stub obengeziwe) kunganciphisa ukulahlekelwa ngaphezu kuka-60%.
14. Yiziphi izimiso zokuqondisa ama-PCB asebenza ngesivinini esiphezulu?

Gwema umzila we-engeli yesokudla (ukukhanya kukhuphuka ngo-15%), beka phambili amakhona angu-45°; indawo ye-loop yesiginali yokulawula
15. Yiziphi izidingo ezikhethekile zezinqubo zokubhoboza kuma-PCB asebenza kakhulu?

Sebenzisa ukubhoboza nge-laser ye-CO₂ (ukunemba kwembobo ±5μm) ukuze ugweme ukuhlukaniswa kokubhoboza ngomshini, ngokuqina kodonga lwembobo okungu-Ra≤1.2μm.
16. Inqubo ye-electroplating ithinta kanjani ukusebenza kwemvamisa ephezulu?

Sebenzisa i-copper plating engena-electro + i-electroplating copper, lawula ubulukhuni besendlalelo sethusi i-Rz≤2μm ukuze unciphise ukulahlekelwa ubuso (ukulahlekelwa kuyanda ngo-10% kukho konke ukwanda kobulukhuni okungu-1μm).
17. Ungakhetha kanjani ukuqeda ubuso bama-PCB asebenza imvamisa ephezulu?

Igolide lokucwilisa elingena-electron nickel (ENIG) elinobukhulu obungu-1-3μm kanye nokumelana nokuxhumana
18. Iyini ithonya lenqubo yokubopha amabhodi ekusebenzeni kwamabhodi anemvamisa ephezulu?

Izinga lokushisa le-lamination kufanele lilawulwe ku-Tg+30℃ yezinto ezibonakalayo (isb., izinga lokushisa le-lamination likaRogers 4350B 210-230℃), ngokucindezela okungu-5-8MPa ukuze kugwenywe ukususwa kwe-lamination.
19. Ungazibona kanjani iziphambeko zokukhiqiza kuma-PCB asebenza kakhulu?

Sebenzisa i-TDR (i-reflectometer yesizinda sesikhathi) ukuthola ukuqhubeka kwe-impedance, i-X-ray ukuthola ngokuphambuka kwesikhundla (okuvumelekile ±0.05mm), kanye ne-AOI ukuthola ukubekezelelana kobubanzi bomugqa.
20. Unganciphisa kanjani ukulahlekelwa kokufakwa kuma-PCB avame kakhulu?

Sebenzisa izinto eziphansi ze-Df, lungisa ubulukhuni be-foil yethusi (i-RTF copper foil inokulahlekelwa okuphansi ngo-30% kune-RA copper foil), bese ufinyeza ubude bokulandelela.
21. Ungakuxazulula kanjani ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kokubuyiselwa kwemali?

Hlola ukungaqhubeki kwe-impedance (njenge-vias, izixhumi), qinisekisa ukuphambuka kwe-impedance
22. Yiziphi izimbangela zezindlela zokuxoxa nge-crosstalk kanye nokucindezela?

Ubude obukhulu bokulandelana okulinganayo bubangela ukukhuluma nge-crosstalk. Ukwandisa isikhala somugqa kumgomo we-3W (u-W ububanzi bomugqa) kanye nokwengeza ukuhlukaniswa komhlabathi kunganciphisa ukukhuluma nge-crosstalk ngo-20dB.
23. Ungazisingatha kanjani izinkinga zokubonakaliswa kwezibonakaliso zemvamisa ephezulu?

Qeda ngama-resistor afanayo (ukumelana = impedance yomugqa wokudlulisa) bese usebenzisa ukuguquka kobubanzi bomugqa kancane kancane ukuze unciphise i-coefficient yokubonisa engaphansi kuka-0.1.
24. Uyini umthelela wokukhanya kwe-electromagnetic kuma-PCB asebenza ngesivinini esiphezulu nokuthi ungakuvikela kanjani kuwo?

Isivikelo esinendiza ephelele yomhlabathi (igebe
25. Yiziphi izindlela eziyinhloko zokushabalalisa ukushisa kwama-PCB asebenzisa imvamisa ephezulu?

Ukuqhuba nge-foil yethusi (ukuqhuba kokushisa okungu-398W/mK) kubalwa u-70%, ukuqhubela kwezinto kungu-20%, kanye nokujikeleza/ukushiswa kwemisebe kungu-10%.
26. Ungaklama kanjani isakhiwo sokushabalalisa ukushisa kwama-PCB asebenza imvamisa ephezulu?

Khulisa ukushisa ngobuningi (≥200/cm²), sebenzisa i-foil yethusi ejiyile (≥3oz), bese uhlanganisa nama-heat sink ukuze unciphise ukumelana nokushisa ngo-40%.
27. Kuyini ukuqhathanisa ukuhanjiswa kokushisa kwezinto ezahlukene?

I-substrate ye-aluminium (170W/mK) > i-substrate yethusi (398W/mK) > i-FR-4 evamile (0.35W/mK).
28. Uyini umthelela wokushisa ekusebenzeni kwama-PCB asebenza ngesivinini esiphezulu?

Kuyo yonke i-10℃ ekhuphukayo, i-Dk ikhuphuka ngo-0.5%-1%, kanti i-Df ikhuphuka ngo-3%-5%. Izinga lokushisa lokusebenza elinconywayo lingu-
29. Unganquma kanjani usayizi kanye nesikhala se-vias yokushisa?

Ngobubanzi obungu-0.3-0.5mm, isikhala esingu-≤1mm ukuqinisekisa izindlela zokuqhuba ukushisa ezisebenzayo nokunciphisa ukumelana nokushisa ngo-30%.
30. Yiziphi izinto eziyinhloko zokuhlola ama-PCB asebenza kakhulu?

Ukuhlolwa kwepharamitha ye-S (S11, S21, njll.), ukuhlolwa kwe-impedance, ukuhlolwa kokulahlekelwa yi-dielectric, ukuhlolwa kokujikeleza kokushisa (-40℃ ~ 125℃, imijikelezo engu-500).
31. Kusho ukuthini amapharamitha e-S kanye nezindinganiso zokuhlola?

I-S11 (ukulahlekelwa kokubuya), i-S21 (ukulahlekelwa kokufakwa). Ububanzi bemvamisa yokuhlola bumboza ibhendi yokusebenza ngokunemba okungu-±0.5dB.
32. Ungakwenza kanjani ukuhlolwa kokuthembeka kwama-PCB asebenza imvamisa ephezulu?

Yenza ukuhlolwa kokushisa okumanzi (85℃/85% RH, 1000h) kanye nokuhlolwa kokufuthwa ngosawoti (5% NaCl, 24h) ukuqinisekisa ukumelana nesimo sezulu sezinto ezibonakalayo.
33. Iyini isimiso kanye nokusetshenziswa kokuhlolwa kwe-TDR?

Ilinganisa isimo segagasi lokubonisa ngokukhipha isignali yesinyathelo ukuthola ukungaqhubeki kwe-impedance, ngesisombululo esifinyelela ku-0.1mm.
34. Yiziphi izindlela zokuhlola i-EMC zama-PCB asebenza imvamisa ephezulu?

Sebenzisa amakamelo angenamsindo ukuhlola ukukhishwa kwegesi okubangelwa imisebe (≤-40dBμV/m@1GHz) kanye nokuhlola ukusebenza kahle kwesivikelo (>60dB).
35. Yiziphi izinto ezibalulekile enqubweni yokunamathisela ama-PCB avame kakhulu?

Sebenzisa i-nitrogen reflow soldering (okuqukethwe komoya-mpilo
36. Ukukhethwa kwesixhumi kuzithinta kanjani izimpawu zemvamisa ephezulu?

Khetha izixhumi zemvamisa ephezulu njenge-SMA, 2.92mm, 1.85mm, njll., ezinemvamisa yokusebenza emboza ibhendi edingekayo kanye nokulahlekelwa kokufakwa
37. Unganciphisa kanjani ukulahleka kwesiginali ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa?

Qinisekisa ukuthi i-impedance iyafana phakathi kwezixhumi nama-PCB, bese uhlanza ama-terminals ngemva kokushiswa ukuze unciphise ukulahlekelwa ngo-15%.
38. Yiziphi izinselele zokusetshenziswa kwama-PCB asebenza kakhulu eziteshini zesisekelo ze-5G?

Kudingeka uhlangabezane nezidingo zebhendi engu-24-52GHz futhi uxazulule izinkinga zokushabalalisa ukushisa (ubuningi bamandla >10W/cm²) kanye nezinkinga zokunciphisa ijubane.
39. Yiziphi izidingo ezikhethekile zama-PCB e-radar e-millimeter-wave yezimoto?

Phasa isitifiketi se-AEC-Q200, ngokushisa kokusebenza okungu--40℃ ~125
40. Yiziphi izindinganiso zomhlaba wonke zama-PCB asebenza kakhulu?

I-IPC-4101 (incazelo yezinto eziyisisekelo), IPC-6012 (izinga lokwamukelwa kwebhodi eliqinile), IEEE 802.3 (izinga lesignali yesivinini esikhulu).
41. Yiziphi izidingo ezikhethekile zama-PCB asebenza kakhulu ezempi?

Ihambisana ne-MIL-PRF-55110 (amasekethe e-microwave), izinga lokushisa lokusebenza -55℃ ~125℃, iphumelele ukuhlolwa kwe-salt spray kanye ne-mold.
42. Yiziphi izindinganiso zokuqinisekisa ama-PCB asebenza kakhulu embonini yezimoto?

Ihlangabezana nezimfuneko ze-AEC-Q200 (isitifiketi sengxenye engasebenzi) kanye ne-ISO 26262 (ukuphepha okusebenzayo).
43. Yiziphi izincazelo zemboni zama-PCB asebenza kakhulu ekuxhumaneni kwe-5G?

Ihlangabezana ne-3GPP TR 38.810 (imishini yesiteshi esiyisisekelo), ukulahlekelwa kokufakwa -15dB.
44. Yiziphi izindinganiso zokwamukelwa kwama-PCB asebenzisa imvamisa ephezulu yezindiza?

Ilandela i-NASA-STD-8739.3 (izinto ze-elekthronikhi), iphumelele ukuhlolwa kokushisa okumanzi kwamahora ayi-1000, ushintsho lwe-Dk
45. Iyini indlela ye-R&D yezinto ze-PCB zesizukulwane esilandelayo ezivame kakhulu?

Izinto zokulahlekelwa okuphansi kakhulu (Df
46. Yiziphi izinzuzo zezinto eziqiniswe nge-carbon nanotube?

I-CTE yehlisiwe yaba yi-1ppm/℃, ukuhanjiswa kokushisa kwanda kwaba yi-100W/mK, kuyilapho kugcinwa i-Dk ephansi (2.8).
47. Yimuphi umehluko wokusebenza phakathi kwezinto eziguquguqukayo ezivame kakhulu nezinto eziqinile?

Izinto eziguquguqukayo zine-Dk ephakeme kancane (3.0-3.5) kanye ne-Df ephezulu ngo-20%-30%, kodwa zivumela umzila we-3D.
48. Iyini indlela yokusebenzisa izinto ezisebenzisa imvamisa ephezulu ezisekelwe ku-bio?

Izinto ezivikela imvelo (ezifana ne-linen fiber) ezine-Dk=3.2 kanye ne-Df=0.004, ezifanele ukusetshenziswa kuma-electronics abathengi.
49. Yiziphi izici zezinto ezisebenzisa imvamisa ephezulu ezisekelwe kubumba?

I-substrate ye-ceramic ye-Al₂O₃ ene-Dk=9.8 kanye ne-thermal conductivity engu-24W/mK, efanelekile ukuhlanganiswa kwedivayisi yamandla.
50. Yiziphi isofthiwe yokuklama i-PCB evamile evame kakhulu?

Umklami we-Altium, uCadence Allegro, i-ANSYS HFSS (ukulingiswa kwe-electromagnetic), i-Keysight ADS (ukulingiswa kwesekethe).
51. Ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-HFSS ekulingiseni okuvamise kakhulu?

Yakha imodeli ye-3D, setha amapharamitha ezinto kanye nezimo zomngcele, fanisa amapharamitha e-S kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwensimu ngephutha
52. Yimiphi imisebenzi yesofthiwe ye-ADS ekwakhiweni kwemvamisa ephezulu?

Yenza ukulingisa kwezinga lesekethe, ilungiselela amanethiwekhi afanayo, ibikezela ukulahlekelwa kokufakwa kanye nokulahlekelwa kokubuya, futhi isekela ukuhlaziywa kwepharamitha ye-S enamachweba amaningi.
53. Kuyini ukunemba kwemodyuli yokubala i-impedance kusofthiwe yokuklama i-PCB?

Iphutha ngaphakathi kwe-±3Ω, edinga ukulinganiswa ngamapharamitha enqubo yangempela (njengokulukhuni kwe-copper foil, ukujiya kwe-dielectric).
54. Ungayisebenzisa kanjani kahle idizayini usebenzisa imiphumela yokulingisa?

Lungisa ukwakheka kokulandelela ngokusekelwe ekusatshalalisweni kwensimu, lungiselela ukufanisa i-impedance ngokuskena amapharamitha, bese uklama ngokuphindaphindiwe ukuze unciphise ukulahleka.
55. Yimiphi imishini ebalulekile yokukhiqiza ama-PCB asebenza kakhulu?

Umshini wokubhoboza nge-laser (ukunemba ±5μm), i-vacuum laminator, umshini wokuqopha onembile kakhulu (ukubekezelela ububanzi bomugqa ±0.01mm).
56. Uyini umehluko phakathi kokubhoboza nge-laser ye-CO₂ kanye nokubhoboza nge-laser ye-UV?

I-laser ye-CO₂ ifanele amabhodi aminyene (>1mm) anezimbobo ezinkulu (≥0.3mm); I-laser ye-UV ifanele amabhodi amancane (
57. Yiziphi izimiso eziyinhloko ze-vacuum laminator?

Izinga le-vacuum
58. Iyini imfuneko ye-etch factor yemishini yokuqopha enembile kakhulu?

Isici sokugoba ≥3:1, ukuqinisekisa inani le-etch eseceleni
59. Liyini ikhono lokuhlola imishini ye-AOI yama-PCB asebenza ngesivinini esiphezulu?

Ingabona ukuphambuka kobubanzi bomugqa/isikhala (± 0.005mm), ama-short/ama-circuits avulekile, usayizi wesici esincane ongu-0.01mm.
60. Yiziphi izidingo zemvelo zezinto ze-PCB ezivame kakhulu?

Ihambisana ne-RoHS 2.0 (inciphisa izinto eziyingozi eziyi-6 ezifana ne-lead ne-mercury), okuqukethwe kwe-halogen
61. Ungakufeza kanjani ukukhiqizwa okuluhlaza kwama-PCB asebenza imvamisa ephezulu?

Sebenzisa i-solder engenalo i-lead, okuqukethwe kwensimbi esindayo 95%).
62. Iyiphi indlela yokulahla imfucuza yama-PCB avame kakhulu?

Buyisela ithusi ngokuchoboza ngokomzimba + ukuncibilika kwamakhemikhali (izinga lokululama > 98%), bese uphatha imfucuza ye-resin ngendlela engenabungozi.
63. Kuyini ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezibolayo kuma-PCB asebenza kakhulu?

Izinto ezisekelwe ku-polylactic acid ezine-Dk=3.3 kanye ne-Df=0.005, izinga lokubola >80% zingakapheli izinsuku ezingu-180 ngemuva kokusetshenziswa.
64. Iyini ithonya lezidingo zemvelo ezindlekweni ze-PCB ezivame kakhulu?

Izinqubo zemvelo zandisa izindleko ngo-10%-15%, kodwa ukuthobela imithetho kugwema izingozi zesijeziso.
65. I-AI isiza kanjani ekwakhiweni kwe-PCB evame kakhulu?

Ama-algorithm e-AI athuthukisa i-topology yomzila, anciphisa isikhathi sokuklama ngesandla ngo-50% kanye nokulahleka kwesiginali ngo-15%.
66. Kuyini ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokuphrinta be-3D kuma-PCB asebenza kakhulu?

Inika amandla izakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-3D ngokunemba kokulungiswa kwezingqimba ezingaphakathi ±0.05mm, kodwa ukulahleka kwezinto okwamanje kuphezulu (Df=0.01).
67. Yiziphi izidingo zama-PCB avame kakhulu ekuxhumaneni kwe-quantum?

Kudinga izinto zokulahlekelwa eziphansi kakhulu (Df
68. Yiziphi izinselele zamabhendi emvamisa ye-terahertz ezintweni ze-PCB?

Idinga izinto ezine-Dk
69. Iyini indlela yokuklama ngokubambisana kokupakisha ama-chip nama-PCB asebenza kakhulu?

Yamukela ubuchwepheshe bokupakisha be-2.5D/3D ukuze ifinyeze izindlela zesignali futhi inciphise ukulahleka kohlelo ngo-30%.
70. Yiziphi izindawo zokulungisa zansuku zonke zama-PCB asebenza kakhulu?

Gwema izindawo ezinokushisa okuphezulu kanye nomswakama ophezulu (izinga lokushisa
71. Unganciphisa kanjani imiphumela yezinambuzane emabhodini aqinile e-PCB avame kakhulu?

Sebenzisa ukubhoboza ngemuva ukuze ususe okungaphezulu ngama-stubs, ngobude be-stub obungu-≤1/8λ; sebenzisa i-soldering yokugeleza kabusha kwemigodi ukuze unciphise amandla e-parasitic.
72. Ungazikhetha kanjani izinto ze-PCB zamabhendi emvamisa yamagagasi angamamilimitha?

Beka phambili izinto ezisetshenziswayo ze-Dk ephansi (
73. Ungaqinisekisa kanjani ukufaniswa kwe-impedance kwama-PCB asebenzisa imvamisa ephezulu?

Hlola amapharamitha e-S nge-network analyzer, edinga i-S11 ≤ -15dB kanye nephutha le-impedance eliyisici ±5Ω; sebenzisa i-TDR ukuze ubone i-coefficient yokubonisa
74. Yiziphi izinhlaka ezibalulekile zomklamo we-PCB onama-multi-layer high-frequency stack-up?

Ubukhulu besendlalelo se-dielectric 0.05-0.2mm, ubulukhuni befoyili yethusi Ra≤0.5μm; ama-trace esendlalelo aseduze afana ne-orthogonal, isikhala sesendlalelo samandla/somhlaba
75. Ungabhekana kanjani nokuvuza kwe-electromagnetic kuma-PCB asebenza ngesivinini esiphezulu?

Sebenzisa amathini okuvikela ensimbi (ukusebenza kahle kokuvikela ≥80dB) anobubanzi begebe
76. Yiziphi izidingo zesikhala somzila sezimpawu zokuhlukanisa kuma-PCB anemvamisa ephezulu?

Isikhala somugqa ≥3 × ububanzi bomugqa, iphutha lobude
77. Ukuqedwa kobuso be-PCB kuthinta kanjani amasignali asebenzisa imvamisa ephezulu?

I-ENIG inikeza ubuso obubushelelezi kanye nokulahlekelwa okuncane; ubukhulu obuncane be-OSP bufanelana nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezivame kakhulu, bugwema ukulahlekelwa amandla kazibuthe yizingqimba ze-nickel.
78. Ungayisebenzisa kanjani kahle i-PCB eklanywe ngesivinini esiphezulu ngokusebenzisa ukulingisa?

Sebenzisa i-HFSS/CST ukuze ulinganisele i-electromagnetic egcwele amaza ukuqinisekisa i-SI/PI; yenza ukuhlaziywa kwe-S-parameter sweep kuma-frequency points angu-≥10.
79. Ungalawula kanjani ukucindezeleka kokushisa kumabhodi aqinile e-PCB avame kakhulu?

Khetha izinto ezine-CTE ≤15ppm/℃, wandise ukushisa ngobuningi (≥20/cm²), bese usebenzisa amabhodi ambozwe ngethusi asekelwe ensimbi.
80. Unganciphisa kanjani ukulahlekelwa yi-dielectric kuma-PCB asebenza ngesivinini esiphezulu?

Sebenzisa izinto ezisekelwe ku-PTFE eziphansi ze-Df; lungisa ubukhulu besendlalelo se-dielectric ukuze uhlangabezane nezimo ze-resonance ze-λ/4 futhi unciphise ukulahleka kwamandla.
81. Uyini umthelela wokubekezelelana kokukhiqiza ekusebenzeni kwebhodi eqinile ye-PCB evame kakhulu?

Ukubekezelelana kobubanzi bomugqa ±0.02mm kubangela impedance 波动 ±3Ω; ukubekezelelana kobukhulu be-dielectric ±0.01mm kubangela ukuphambuka kwe-Dk ±0.1, okudinga ukulawulwa okuqinile.
82. Ungaxazulula kanjani ukuphazamiseka komsindo wokunikezwa kwamandla kuma-PCB asebenza imvamisa ephezulu?

Beka izinhlanganisela ze-MLCC (10nF/100nF/1μF) endaweni yokungena yamandla; hlukanisa ungqimba lwamandla ngesikhala esingu-≥50mil phakathi kwezizinda zamandla kagesi.
83. Yimaphi amaphuzu abalulekile okuklama izinto zokuhlola zamabhodi aqinile e-PCB avame kakhulu?

Impedance yokuxhumana kwe-Fixture

I-PCB yemvamisa ephezulu

1. Iyini ibhodi eqinile ye-PCB evame kakhulu?

2. Yimuphi umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwama-PCB asebenza kakhulu nama-PCB avamile?

3. Yiziphi izimo ezijwayelekile zokusetshenziswa kwama-PCB asebenza imvamisa ephezulu?

4. Ubuqotho besiginali yama-PCB asebenza ngesivinini esiphezulu buchazwa kanjani?

5. Yiziphi izici ezinquma ukulahleka kwe-dielectric kwamabhodi aqinile e-PCB avame kakhulu?

6. Yiziphi izinto ezivamile ze-PCB ezivame kakhulu?

7. Izinto ezahlukene zithinta kanjani ukudluliswa kwesignali?

8. Ukumuncwa kwamanzi kwezinto kuthinta kanjani ama-PCB avame kakhulu?

9. Ungazikhetha kanjani izinto ze-PCB ezifanele amabhendi emvamisa yamagagasi angamamilimitha?

10. Iyini indima yezinto zokugcwalisa i-ceramic ekusebenzeni kwezinto ezivame kakhulu?

11. Liyini inani elincane lomklamo lobubanzi/isikhala somugqa wama-PCB asebenzisa imvamisa ephezulu?

12. Yimaphi amaphuzu abalulekile ekwakhiweni kwe-stack-up kwama-PCB anezingqimba eziningi ezivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu?

13. Uyini umthelela we-vias kumasignali avame kakhulu nokuthi ungawasebenzisa kanjani kahle?

14. Yiziphi izimiso zokuqondisa ama-PCB asebenza ngesivinini esiphezulu?

15. Yiziphi izidingo ezikhethekile zezinqubo zokubhoboza kuma-PCB asebenza kakhulu?

16. Inqubo ye-electroplating ithinta kanjani ukusebenza kwemvamisa ephezulu?

17. Ungakhetha kanjani ukuqeda ubuso bama-PCB asebenza imvamisa ephezulu?

18. Iyini ithonya lenqubo yokubopha amabhodi ekusebenzeni kwamabhodi anemvamisa ephezulu?

19. Ungazibona kanjani iziphambeko zokukhiqiza kuma-PCB asebenza kakhulu?

20. Unganciphisa kanjani ukulahlekelwa kokufakwa kuma-PCB avame kakhulu?

21. Ungakuxazulula kanjani ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kokubuyiselwa kwemali?

22. Yiziphi izimbangela zezindlela zokuxoxa nge-crosstalk kanye nokucindezela?

23. Ungazisingatha kanjani izinkinga zokubonakaliswa kwezibonakaliso zemvamisa ephezulu?

24. Uyini umthelela wokukhanya kwe-electromagnetic kuma-PCB asebenza ngesivinini esiphezulu nokuthi ungakuvikela kanjani kuwo?

25. Yiziphi izindlela eziyinhloko zokushabalalisa ukushisa kwama-PCB asebenzisa imvamisa ephezulu?

26. Ungaklama kanjani isakhiwo sokushabalalisa ukushisa kwama-PCB asebenza imvamisa ephezulu?

27. Kuyini ukuqhathanisa ukuhanjiswa kokushisa kwezinto ezahlukene?

28. Uyini umthelela wokushisa ekusebenzeni kwama-PCB asebenza ngesivinini esiphezulu?

29. Unganquma kanjani usayizi kanye nesikhala se-vias yokushisa?

30. Yiziphi izinto eziyinhloko zokuhlola ama-PCB asebenza kakhulu?

31. Kusho ukuthini amapharamitha e-S kanye nezindinganiso zokuhlola?

32. Ungakwenza kanjani ukuhlolwa kokuthembeka kwama-PCB asebenza imvamisa ephezulu?

33. Iyini isimiso kanye nokusetshenziswa kokuhlolwa kwe-TDR?

34. Yiziphi izindlela zokuhlola i-EMC zama-PCB asebenza imvamisa ephezulu?

35. Yiziphi izinto ezibalulekile enqubweni yokunamathisela ama-PCB avame kakhulu?

36. Ukukhethwa kwesixhumi kuzithinta kanjani izimpawu zemvamisa ephezulu?

37. Unganciphisa kanjani ukulahleka kwesiginali ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa?

38. Yiziphi izinselele zokusetshenziswa kwama-PCB asebenza kakhulu eziteshini zesisekelo ze-5G?

39. Yiziphi izidingo ezikhethekile zama-PCB e-radar e-millimeter-wave yezimoto?

40. Yiziphi izindinganiso zomhlaba wonke zama-PCB asebenza kakhulu?

41. Yiziphi izidingo ezikhethekile zama-PCB asebenza kakhulu ezempi?

42. Yiziphi izindinganiso zokuqinisekisa ama-PCB asebenza kakhulu embonini yezimoto?

43. Yiziphi izincazelo zemboni zama-PCB asebenza kakhulu ekuxhumaneni kwe-5G?

44. Yiziphi izindinganiso zokwamukelwa kwama-PCB asebenzisa imvamisa ephezulu yezindiza?

45. Iyini indlela ye-R&D yezinto ze-PCB zesizukulwane esilandelayo ezivame kakhulu?

46. ​​Yiziphi izinzuzo zezinto eziqiniswe nge-carbon nanotube?

47. Yimuphi umehluko wokusebenza phakathi kwezinto eziguquguqukayo ezivame kakhulu nezinto eziqinile?

48. Iyini indlela yokusebenzisa izinto ezisebenzisa imvamisa ephezulu ezisekelwe ku-bio?

49. Yiziphi izici zezinto ezisebenzisa imvamisa ephezulu ezisekelwe kubumba?

50. Yiziphi isofthiwe yokuklama i-PCB evamile evame kakhulu?

51. Ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-HFSS ekulingiseni okuvamise kakhulu?

52. Yimiphi imisebenzi yesofthiwe ye-ADS ekwakhiweni kwemvamisa ephezulu?

53. Kuyini ukunemba kwemodyuli yokubala i-impedance kusofthiwe yokuklama i-PCB?

54. Ungayisebenzisa kanjani kahle idizayini usebenzisa imiphumela yokulingisa?

55. Yimiphi imishini ebalulekile yokukhiqiza ama-PCB asebenza kakhulu?

56. Uyini umehluko phakathi kokubhoboza nge-laser ye-CO₂ kanye nokubhoboza nge-laser ye-UV?

57. Yiziphi izimiso eziyinhloko ze-vacuum laminator?

58. Iyini imfuneko ye-etch factor yemishini yokuqopha enembile kakhulu?

59. Liyini ikhono lokuhlola imishini ye-AOI yama-PCB asebenza ngesivinini esiphezulu?

60. Yiziphi izidingo zemvelo zezinto ze-PCB ezivame kakhulu?

61. Ungakufeza kanjani ukukhiqizwa okuluhlaza kwama-PCB asebenza imvamisa ephezulu?

62. Iyiphi indlela yokulahla imfucuza yama-PCB avame kakhulu?

63. Kuyini ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezibolayo kuma-PCB asebenza kakhulu?

64. Iyini ithonya lezidingo zemvelo ezindlekweni ze-PCB ezivame kakhulu?

65. I-AI isiza kanjani ekwakhiweni kwe-PCB evame kakhulu?

66. Kuyini ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokuphrinta be-3D kuma-PCB asebenza kakhulu?

67. Yiziphi izidingo zama-PCB avame kakhulu ekuxhumaneni kwe-quantum?

68. Yiziphi izinselele zamabhendi emvamisa ye-terahertz ezintweni ze-PCB?

69. Iyini indlela yokuklama ngokubambisana kokupakisha ama-chip nama-PCB asebenza kakhulu?

70. Yiziphi izindawo zokulungisa zansuku zonke zama-PCB asebenza kakhulu?

71. Unganciphisa kanjani imiphumela yezinambuzane emabhodini aqinile e-PCB avame kakhulu?

72. Ungazikhetha kanjani izinto ze-PCB zamabhendi emvamisa yamagagasi angamamilimitha?

73. Ungaqinisekisa kanjani ukufaniswa kwe-impedance kwama-PCB asebenzisa imvamisa ephezulu?

74. Yiziphi izinhlaka ezibalulekile zomklamo we-PCB onama-multi-layer high-frequency stack-up?

75. Ungabhekana kanjani nokuvuza kwe-electromagnetic kuma-PCB asebenza ngesivinini esiphezulu?

76. Yiziphi izidingo zesikhala somzila sezimpawu zokuhlukanisa kuma-PCB anemvamisa ephezulu?

77. Ukuqedwa kobuso be-PCB kuthinta kanjani amasignali asebenzisa imvamisa ephezulu?

78. Ungayisebenzisa kanjani kahle i-PCB eklanywe ngesivinini esiphezulu ngokusebenzisa ukulingisa?

79. Ungalawula kanjani ukucindezeleka kokushisa kumabhodi aqinile e-PCB avame kakhulu?

46. Yiziphi izinzuzo zezinto eziqiniswe nge-carbon nanotube?