Izigaba Zemodyuli

Ngobuchwepheshe bokufaka imbobo i-THT

1. Imiqondo nezimiso eziyisisekelo

1. Kuyini i-Through Hole Technology (THT)?

I-THT ubuchwepheshe obufaka ama-elekthronikhi ezingxenyeni ezidlulayo zama-PCB futhi bufinyelele ukuxhumana nokuqina kukagesi ngokugoqa. Ingenye yezinqubo zokuhlanganisa zikagesi ezivamile.
2. Yimuphi umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-THT kanye ne-Surface Mount Technology (SMT)?

- Ama-lead ezingxenye ze-THT adinga ukushiswa ngembobo edlulayo, kuyilapho izingxenye ze-SMT zifakwe ngqo ebusweni be-PCB.

- I-THT inokusebenza kahle okuphansi kokukhiqiza kanye nokusebenza okukhulu kwesikhala; i-SMT inikeza ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kanye nobuningi (idatha ye-IPC: ubuningi be-SMT buphindwe kathathu kuya kahlanu kune-THT).

- I-THT ifanela izingxenye ezinamandla amakhulu/ezinkulu; i-SMT ifanela izingxenye ezincane/ezinobukhulu obuphezulu.
3. Iyini inqubo eyisisekelo yokugeleza kwe-THT?

Ukulungiswa kwezingxenye → Ukufakwa → Ukushiswa (ukushiswa kwamagagasi okusetshenziswa okuvamile, ukushiswa ngesandla/ngokucwilisa izingxenye ezikhethekile) → Ukusikwa komthofu → Ukuhlolwa
4. Yiziphi izinhlobo zezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi ezifanele i-THT?

- Izingxenye ezinamandla aphezulu (isb., ama-transistors anamandla, ama-transformer, ama-capacitor amakhulu e-electrolytic)

- Izingxenye ezidinga amandla aphezulu okusebenza (isb., izixhumi)

- Izingxenye ezinesikhala esikhulu se-lead kanye nezidingo eziphansi zokunemba
5. Iyini i-diameter encane kakhulu ye-PCB enqubweni ye-THT?

Inqubo ejwayelekile: 0.8mm; Inqubo ekhethekile: 0.4mm (enezindleko nobunzima obukhuphukile kakhulu)

2. Ukuphathwa Kwezingxenye Nokugoba

6. Yiziphi izimo ezijwayelekile zama-lead ezingxenye ze-THT?

- Ama-lead aqondile (afanele imishini yokufaka ngokuzenzakalelayo)

- Ama-lead agobile (isb., uhlobo lwe-J, uhlobo lwe-L, okuthuthukisa ukuzinza komshini ngemuva kokushiswa)
7. Yiziphi izidingo zokukwazi ukusonta zama-lead ezingxenye?

Ngokwe-IPC-J-STD-001: Ku-235℃±5℃, kucwiliswe ebhodweni le-solder imizuzwana engu-2-3, ukumbozwa kwe-solder ≥95%
8. Ungakuthuthukisa kanjani ukushintshwa kwezinsimbi ze-component lead?

- Ukugqoka kwensimbi (isb., i-Sn, i-Ag plating)

- Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Flux ngaphambi kokunamathisela ukuze kususwe izingqimba ze-oxide futhi kuthuthukiswe ukumanzisa
9. Bungakanani ubude be-lead obufanele bezingxenye ze-THT?

Ukuvela komthofu ebusweni be-PCB bokunamathisela: 2-3mm (okufushane kakhulu kubangela ukunamathisela okubi; okude kakhulu kuyingozi kumasekethe amafushane futhi kudinga ukunqunywa okwengeziwe)
10. Izinto ezahlukene zomthofu zithinta kanjani ukushiselwa kwensimbi?

- Ithusi: Ukushintshwa okuhle kakhulu, okuvame kakhulu

- Insimbi: Ithambekele ekushiseni, ukushiswa kwayo okungekuhle, idinga ukwelashwa okukhethekile

- Ama-alloy (isb., ama-alloy ethusi): Alinganisa amandla kanye nokushintshwa kwe-solder

3. Okuhlobene neBhodi Yesekethe Ephrintiwe (i-PCB)

11. Yiziphi izidingo zezinto ze-PCB enqubweni ye-THT?

Ngokuvamile isebenzisa i-FR-4 substrate ene-Tg ≥130℃, enezinto ezinhle zokuvikela ugesi, amandla omshini, kanye nokumelana nokushisa
12. Yiziphi izindinganiso zokubekezelelana kwama-PCB vias?

- Ngokubekezelelana kobubanzi: ± 0.05mm

- Ukubekezelelana kwesikhundla sembobo: ± 0.1mm
13. Ungakuvimbela kanjani ukuguqulwa kwe-PCB ngesikhathi sokushiswa kwe-THT?

- Khetha ubukhulu obufanele be-substrate (obujwayelekile obuyi-1.6mm)

- Lungiselela ukwakheka kwe-PCB (gwema izindawo ezinkulu zethusi ezigxilile)

- Sebenzisa imiphetho yenqubo kanye nezinto zokusekela
14. Ukungalungi kodonga kukuthinta kanjani ukusonta?

Inani le-Ra kufanele lilawulwe ku-1.6-3.2μm: Ukungaguquguquki ngokweqile kubangela ukugcwaliswa kabi kwe-solder; ukushelela kakhulu kunciphisa ukumanzisa
15. Yiziphi izidingo ezikhethekile zama-PCB anezingqimba eziningi ku-THT?

- Kudinga ukulungiswa okunembile kwezingqimba eziphakathi (ngokuvamile kucutshungulwa ngokubhoboza kwe-CNC)

- Qaphela ukufakwa kwe-interlayer ngesikhathi sokunamathisela ukuze ugweme ama-short circuits

4. Inqubo Yokushisela - Ukushisela Amagagasi

16. Iyini isimiso esiyisisekelo sokugoqa amagagasi?

Iphampu yomshini wokufaka insimbi incibilikisa insimbi ibe yigagasi, bese kuthi ama-PCB/ama-lead afakwe insimbi uma edlula kugagasi. Ukunamathela kwensimbi ngamagagasi amabili kunciphisa ukubopha kanye nokuhlangana okubandayo.
17. Liyini izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile le-solder lokufaka i-wave soldering?

- Sn63Pb37 (ene-lead): 245℃ -255℃

- Sn96.5Ag3.0Cu0.5 (ayinawo umthofu): 255℃-265℃
18. Yisiphi isikhathi esivamile sokunamathisela i-wave soldering?

Isikhathi sokuxhumana ne-lead-wave: imizuzwana emi-2-4 (ifushane kakhulu ibangela ukunamathelana okubi; isikhathi eside kakhulu sibeka engcupheni umonakalo wengxenye noma ukuguqulwa kwe-PCB)
19. Ungakulungisa kanjani ukuphakama kwegagasi ekusongeni kwegagasi?

Ukuphakama kwamagagasi: 1/2-2/3 ubukhulu be-PCB (kulungiswe ngokugeleza kwephampu ye-solder kanye nengcindezi; ukuphakama kakhulu kubangela ukuhlangana, ukuholela okuphansi kakhulu ekunganele kwe-solder)
20. Yiziphi izindlela zokusebenzisa i-flux ekuhlanganiseni amagagasi kanye nezici zazo?

- Isifutho: Ukusetshenziswa okuphansi, okufanayo, kufanelekile ukusetshenziswa okuphezulu
-ukushisela ngokunemba

- Igwebu: Ukuhlushwa okuphezulu, okufanelekela ukujiya
-amasekhethi efilimu

- Igagasi: Ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, imfucuza ephezulu

5. Inqubo Yokushisela - Ukushisela Ngesandla kanye Nokunye

21. Ungalawula kanjani izinga lokushisa nesikhathi sokushiswa ngesandla kwezingxenye ze-THT?

Izinga lokushisa lensimbi ehlanganisiwe: 300℃-350℃; ilunga ngalinye: imizuzwana emi-2-3 (gwema umonakalo oshisa kakhulu)
22. Yiziphi izici kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-dip soldering?

Izici: Ukusebenza kahle kakhulu kodwa kulula ukuhlanganisa; Ukusetshenziswa: Ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi kwama-PCB alula anesikhala esikhulu sokuhola
23. Yiziphi izinzuzo zokufaka i-solder ekhethiwe?

Ukushisela okuqondiswe ezindaweni ezithile, ukugwema umthelela wokushisela kwezinye izindawo. Kufanelekela amabhodi axubile e-THT/SMT ukunciphisa imiphumela yokushisela kwamagagasi ezingxenyeni ze-SMT.
24. Ingabe ukushisela kabusha kungasetshenziswa ezingxenyeni ze-THT?

Ukushisela kabusha kwe-soldering kungokwe-SMT. Kungasetshenziswa ezikesini ezikhethekile ze-THT (isb., izingxenye ezincane/ezimbalwa ezinezixhumi ezikhethekile), kodwa hhayi ezivamile.
25. Yiziphi izidingo ze-solder zezinqubo ezahlukene zokunamathisela?

- Ukushiswa kwamagagasi: Ukugeleza okuphezulu, ukumelana nokushiswa kwe-oxidation

- Ukushiswa ngesandla: Iphuzu lokuncibilika elimaphakathi, ukumanzi kahle

- Ukushiswa nge-dip: Ukumbozwa okuqinile

- Izinhlobo ezivamile: Ukushiswa nge-wave/dip kusebenzisa imigoqo yokushiswa; ukushiswa ngesandla kusebenzisa ucingo lokushiswa

6. I-Solder kanye ne-Flux

26. Yiziphi izinhlobo ezivamile zama-solder e-THT?

Ama-solder avamile afaka phakathi i-tin-lead (Sn63Pb37, iphuzu le-eutectic 183℃) kanye ne-lead-free (isb., Sn96.5Ag3.0Cu0.5, iphuzu lokuncibilika 217℃). Ama-solder angenalo i-lead asetshenziswa kakhulu ngezizathu zemvelo.
27. Yimuphi umehluko ekusebenzeni kokunamathisela phakathi kwama-solder angenawo umthofu kanye nama-solder ane-lead?

Ama-solder angenalo i-lead anezinga lokuncibilika eliphakeme ngama-30-40℃ kanye nokumanzika okuncane, okudinga amazinga okushisa aphezulu okunamathela kanye nokunemba kwenqubo, kodwa ahambisana nezindinganiso ze-RoHS.
28. Iyini indima eyinhloko yokuguquguquka?

Isusa ama-oxide ezindaweni zokunamathisela, inciphisa ukucindezeleka kobuso be-solder, ithuthukisa ukumanzi, futhi ivimbele ukuphinda kufakwe i-oxidation ngesikhathi sokunamathisela.
29. Ahlukaniswa kanjani amazinga omsebenzi we-flux?

Kuhlukaniswe ngokwe-IPC-J-STD-001 njengo-R (ongasebenzi), i-RMA (umsebenzi omaphakathi), kanye ne-RA (osebenzayo). Umsebenzi ophezulu uthuthukisa ukususwa kwe-oxide kodwa ungandisa ingozi yokugqwala kwezinsalela.
30. Iyini imiphumela yezinsalela ze-flux kumasekethe?

Kungabangela imijikelezo emifushane, ukuvuza, noma ukugqwala kwezingxenye/ama-PCB yizinsalela ezisebenza kakhulu, ngokuvamile ezidinga ukuhlanzwa ngemva kokushiswa.

7. Imishini kanye Namathuluzi

31. Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zemishini yokufaka ezenzakalelayo?

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko: ezivundlile (ezifanele izingxenye ze-axial njenge-resistor) kanye neziqondile (ezifanele izingxenye ze-radial njenge-electrolytic capacitors).
32. Kuyini ukunemba okuvamile kokufakwa kwemishini yokufaka ngokuzenzakalelayo?

Imishini yesimanje ifinyelela ukunemba okungu-±0.1mm, okulungele izingxenye eziningi ze-THT.
33. Kuhlanganisani ukulungiswa kwansuku zonke kwemishini yokusonga amagagasi?

Ukuhlanzwa njalo kwamabhodwe e-solder, ukushintshwa kwe-solder, ukulinganiswa kokuphakama kwezinga lokushisa/amagagasi, ukuhlanzwa kwesistimu yokushintshashintsha, kanye nokugcotshwa ngomshini.
34. Yimaphi amaphuzu abalulekile okukhetha nokusebenzisa amathuluzi okunamathisela ngesandla?

Khetha izinsimbi zokunamathisela ezingama-30W-60W ezinezimo ezahlukahlukene zesihloko; faka ithini lesihloko ngaphambi kokusebenzisa ukuze uvimbele ukushiswa kwe-oxidation.
35. Yiziphi izinhlobo zezinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ezinqubweni ze-THT?

Kufaka phakathi izinto zokubeka i-PCB, izibambi zezingxenye, kanye nezisekelo zokunamathisela ukuqinisekisa ukunemba kwesimo kanye nokuqina.

8. Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi kanye nokuhlaziywa kwamaphutha

36. Yiziphi izinkinga ezivamile ekusongeleni kwe-THT?

Amajoyinti abandayo, ukubopha, ukusonta okunganele, amabhola okusonta, njll. Amajoyinti abandayo abhekisela ekuxhumekeni kukagesi okungekuhle; ukubopha kubangela imijikelezo emifushane phakathi kwama-pad.
37. Yiziphi izimbangela nezixazululo zamalunga abandayo?

Izimbangela: Ama-lead a-oxidized, ukusongwa okunganele, izinga lokushisa/isikhathi esingafanele, umsebenzi ophansi wokujikeleza. Izixazululo: Hlanza ama-lead, lungisa amapharamitha, khetha ukujikeleza okufanele.
38. Yiziphi izimbangela kanye nezinyathelo zokuvimbela ukuvalwa kwebhuloho?

Izimbangela: I-solder eningi kakhulu, ukuphakama kwamagagasi aphezulu, isikhala esincane somthofu, ukugeleza okungalingani. Ukuvimbela: Lungisa ivolumu ye-solder, ukuphakama kwamagagasi, ukwakheka kwe-PCB, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-flux.
39. Ungahlola kanjani ikhwalithi yokunamathisela i-THT?

Ukuhlolwa kokubona (AOI), i-X-ray (AXI), ukuhlolwa kwe-in-circuit (ICT). Ukuhlolwa kokubona kokukhubazeka kobuso; i-X-ray yamalunga abandayo angaphakathi.
40. Yiziphi izindinganiso zekhwalithi zokushisela i-THT?

Ngokwe-IPC-A-610, amajoyinti e-solder kufanele abe bushelelezi, angabi nama-crack, ane-lead cover engu-≥95% kanye nokuxhumeka kukagesi okuthembekile.

9. Ukuvikelwa Nokuphepha Kwemvelo

41. Yiziphi izidingo zemvelo zezinqubo ze-THT?

Landela imiyalelo ye-RoHS ukuze unciphise izinto eziyingozi; hlanza amagesi okukhipha umoya; phinda usebenzise i-solder kanye ne-flux ngendlela efanele.
42. Yiziphi izidingo ezikhethekile abanazo abaqhubi be-solder abangenalo i-lead?

Gqoka amagilavu nezibuko ezingashisi; hamba njalo uhlolwe impilo yakho ukuze uvimbele ukusha kanye nokuhogela igesi okuyingozi.
43. Ungalahla kanjani imfucuza ehlanganisiwe bese ushintshashintsha izinqubo ze-THT?

I-Waste solder kufanele isetshenziswe kabusha yizinkampani ezifanelekayo; i-waste flux (amakhemikhali ayingozi) kumele ivalwe futhi iphathwe yizinkampani ze-waste eziyingozi zobungcweti.
44. Yiziphi izidingo zokungenisa umoya ezindaweni zokusebenzela zokushisela?

Gcina umoya omuhle ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amazinga egesi ayingozi angaphansi kwemingcele yokuchayeka emsebenzini, ngokushintsha komoya okungu-≥12 ngehora.
45. Yiziphi izinyathelo zokuphepha zamakhemikhali asetshenziswa ezinqubweni ze-THT?

I-Flux namanye amakhemikhali ayasha; gcina kude nemithombo yomlilo. Kumakhemikhali abhubhisayo, hlanza ngokushesha ngemva kokuthinta bese ugcina/usebenzisa ngokwemiyalelo.

10. Ukuthuthukiswa kwenqubo kanye nokulawulwa kwezindleko

46. Ungakuthuthukisa kanjani ukusebenza kahle kwenqubo ye-THT?

Lungiselela ukulandelana kokufakwa, sebenzisa imishini ezenzakalelayo esheshayo, lungisa ukugeleza kwenqubo, futhi uthuthukise ukuzinza kwemishini.
47. Yiziphi izingxenye eziyinhloko zezindleko zezinqubo ze-THT?

Izingxenye, i-PCB, i-solder/flux, ukwehla kwenani/ukulungiswa kwemishini, izindleko zabasebenzi kanye nokuhlolwa.
48. Ungazinciphisa kanjani izindleko zokukhiqiza i-THT?

Ukuthenga ngobuningi ukuze kuncishiswe izindleko zezingxenye, kuthuthukiswe ukwakheka kwe-PCB ukuze kuncishiswe imfucuza, kuthuthukiswe isivuno ukuze kuncishiswe ukusebenza kabusha, futhi kulungiswe ukwabiwa kwezinsiza.
49. Izindleko ze-THT ziqhathaniswa kanjani ne-SMT?

I-THT inezindleko eziphansi zokutshalwa kwezimali kwemishini kodwa izindleko zabasebenzi/izinto zokwakha ziphezulu. I-SMT inezindleko eziphezulu zemishini kodwa ukusebenza kahle/ubuningi obuphezulu, okuholela ezindlekweni eziphansi zeyunithi zesikhathi eside.
50. Ungathuthukisa kanjani isivuno se-THT soldering ngokusebenzisa ukulungiswa kwenqubo?

Lawula izinga lokushisa, isikhathi, kanye nomthamo wokushintshashintsha ngokunembile; qinisa ukuhlolwa okungenayo; ukulungiswa kwemishini njalo; ukuqeqeshwa komqhubi.

11. Izicelo ezikhethekile kanye nezinqubo ezixubile

51. Yiziphi izinzuzo zokuhlanganiswa kwe-THT/SMT okuxubile?

Ihlanganisa ukufaneleka kwe-THT kwezingxenye ezinamandla aphezulu kanye ne-SMT's high-density miniaturization, okuhlangabezana nezidingo zomklamo wesifunda oyinkimbinkimbi.
52. Iyini inqubo yokuhlanganisa i-THT/SMT exubile?

Ukubekwa kwe-SMT kuqala, bese kufakwa i-THT kanye nokunamathisela (igagasi noma ukunamathisela okukhethayo). Qinisekisa ukuthi izingxenye ze-SMT zingamelana namazinga okushisa okunamathisela kwe-THT.
53. Ungakuvimbela kanjani ukuhlukaniswa kwezingxenye ze-SMT ngesikhathi sokushiswa kwamagagasi ezinqubweni ezixubile?

Sebenzisa ingcina yokushisa okuphezulu ukulungisa izingxenye ze-SMT, lungisa amapharamitha okugoqa amagagasi ukuze unciphise umthelela, bese usebenzisa amagagasi amabili ukuze uthole ukuma kwamagagasi okulungiselelwe.
54. Yiziphi izidingo ezikhethekile i-THT enazo ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezinokwethenjelwa okuphezulu?

Izingxenye ezisezingeni eliphezulu, ama-PCB, kanye nama-solder; ukulawulwa okuqinile kwenqubo yokunamathisela; izinyathelo ezengeziwe zokuhlola; ukusetshenziswa okungenzeka kwezinqubo ezikhethekile njengokunamathisela nge-vacuum.
55. Yiziphi izinto ezibalulekile zokulawula ikhwalithi ye-THT ezisetshenziswa empini?

Landela ngokuqinile izindinganiso zempi (isb., i-GJB), ukuhlolwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa okungu-100%, izinqubo zokunamathisela ezilandelekayo, kanye nokuhlolwa okuthuthukisiwe (i-X-ray/i-ultrasonic).

12. Ubuchwepheshe Obusha kanye Nentuthuko Yesikhathi Esizayo

56. Yiziphi izindlela zentuthuko zesikhathi esizayo ze-THT?

Ukuqhubekela phambili ekuzenzekeleni nasekuhlakanipheni, ukuhlanganisa izinto ezintsha nezinqubo ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokuhlanganiswa kwamandla aphezulu/okunabantu abaningi.
57. Uyini umthelela wokuphrinta kwe-3D ku-THT?

Ivumela ukukhiqizwa okusheshayo kwama-PCB akhethekile kanye nezinto ezifakiwe, kunciphisa isikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kanye nezindleko zokukhiqiza eziphansi.
58. Yimaphi amathuba okusebenzisa i-AI ku-THT?

Izicelo zokwenza ngcono amapharamitha okusoda, ukutholwa kwamaphutha okuzenzakalelayo, kanye nokubikezela ukwehluleka kwemishini ukuthuthukisa ubuhlakani.
59. Izinto ezintsha zokubopha ziqhuba kanjani ukuthuthukiswa kwe-THT?

Ama-solder amasha (isb., izinga lokushisa eliphansi, ukuhanjiswa kokushisa okuphezulu) ahlangabezana nezidingo ezikhethekile zohlelo lokusebenza futhi andisa ububanzi be-THT.
60. Yiziphi izinselele namathuba alethwa yizidingo eziluhlaza ku-THT?

Izinselele: Isidingo sezinto/izinqubo ezinobungani nemvelo. Amathuba: Ukuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe kanye nezidingo ezintsha zemakethe.

13. Ukulungiswa kwepharamitha yenqubo

61. Ungazilungisa kanjani imingcele yokugoqa amagagasi ezingosini ezibandayo ezivamile?

Amajoyinti abandayo avame ukubangelwa izinga lokushisa/isikhathi esinganele. Khulisa izinga lokushisa le-solder ngo-5-10℃ kanye nesikhathi sokuxhumana ngo-0.5-1s, okwenza kube ngcono kancane kancane.
62. Ukuhlushwa kwe-flux kuyithinta kanjani ikhwalithi yokunamathisela? Ungakulungisa kanjani?

Ukuhlushwa okuncane kubangela amalunga abandayo; ukuhlushwa okuphezulu kuholela ekungcoleni ngokweqile. Qapha amandla adonsela phansi athile: engeza ukuhlushwa uma kuphansi, okuncibilikisayo uma kuphezulu, ukuze ugcine ibanga lenqubo.
63. Isivinini sokufaka sithinta kanjani ikhwalithi yemishini ezenzakalelayo?

Isivinini esikhulu sibangela ukungalungi noma ukuguqulwa komthofu; isivinini esisheshayo sinciphisa ukusebenza kahle. Nquma isivinini esifanele ngokukhiqizwa kwesilingo ukuze ulinganisele ikhwalithi nokusebenza kahle.
64. Iyini indima yokushisa kwangaphambi kokushisa ekushiseni kwe-THT? Ungayisetha kanjani?

Ukushisa kususa umswakama, kunciphisa ukucindezeleka kokushisa, futhi kuthuthukisa ukumanzi. Kusethwe ku-100-150℃, kulungiselelwe izinto ze-PCB, ukujiya, kanye nokumelana nokushisa kwezingxenye.
65. Ukushisa okuzungezile kukuthinta kanjani ukushiswa kwe-THT?

Ngoshintsho ngalunye lwe-10℃ ekushiseni okumaphakathi, lungisa izinga lokushisa lokugoqa ngo-3-5℃. Amazinga okushisa aphansi anciphisa ukugeleza kwe-solder; amazinga okushisa aphezulu asheshisa ukuhwamuka kwe-flux. Shisa ama-PCB ngaphansi kuka-15℃.
66. Ungakuvimbela kanjani ukuhlukaniswa kwamaphedi e-PCB ku-THT?

Nciphisa isikhathi sokunamathisela i-solder sibe yimizuzwana engu-2-4, gwema ukunamathisela i-solder okuphindaphindiwe; sebenzisa ama-PCB ane-Tg≥130℃; susa i-solder ngezibhamu zomoya ezishisayo ezisezingeni eliphansi (≤350℃) kanye ne-flux paste, unciphise ukuhlukaniswa kwephedi ngo->80%.
67. Ungakuhlola kanjani ukumelana nokukhathala kwamalunga e-THT solder?

Ukuhlolwa komjikelezo wokushisa (-40℃ ~ 125℃, imijikelezo engu-500) ukuze kubonwe ukusabalala kwemifantu; i-SEM yokuhlaziywa kwesakhiwo se-microstructure. Impilo yokukhathala kufanele ihlangabezane nesici sokuphepha somklamo kathathu.
68. Iyini indima yokuvikelwa kwe-nitrogen ekushiseni kwe-THT kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo?

14. Imininingwane yenqubo kanye nokuxazulula izinkinga

69. Ungabhekana kanjani nezinsalela ezimnyama kumajoyinti e-solder e-THT?

Izinsalela ezimnyama zivame ukugeleza i-carbonization. Sebenzisa i-flux engasebenzi kahle, yandisa izinga lokushisa ngaphambi kokushisa ngo-10-15℃, noma uhlanze nge-ultrasonic nge-isopropyl alcohol ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu.
70. Yiziphi izindima zamagagasi amabili ekusongeni kwamagagasi e-THT?

Igagasi elixokozela (i-A-wave) lihlanza ama-lead futhi lithuthukise ukungena kwe-solder; igagasi elibushelelezi (i-B-wave) libumba amalunga futhi liqede ukubopha. Isilinganiso sokuphakama sinconywa ku-1:1.2-1:1.5.
71. Ukuguquguquka kwesivinini sokuhambisa kuyithinta kanjani ikhwalithi yokugoqa i-THT?

Ukushintshashintsha kwesivinini >±5% kubangela isikhathi sokushisela esingaguquki, okuholela ekushiseni okubandayo noma okungaphezu kwamandla. Sebenzisa isilawuli se-servo esivaliwe ukuze unciphise ukuguquguquka ngaphakathi kuka-±1%.
72. Ungalinganisa kanjani ukumelana kokuxhumana kukagesi kwamajoyinti e-THT solder?

Sebenzisa i-micro-ohmmeter enogesi oqhubekayo ongu-1A ukukala ukwehla kwamandla kagesi. Ukumelana kokuthintana kufanele kube ngu-≤5mΩ (≤1mΩ kumajoyinti anogesi ophezulu).
73. Yiziphi izidingo ezikhethekile ze-THT kuma-piles okushaja e-EV?

Kudinga ukuvikelwa kwe-IP67, ukumelana nomswakama ongu-85℃/85%RH ukuguga amahora ayi-1000; ama-terminals anomoya ophezulu kumele abe nokumelana kokuthinta okungu-≤0.5mΩ kanye namandla okuthambekela angu-≥50N.

15. Imingcele yenqubo kanye nokugcinwa kwemishini

74. Buyini ubudlelwano phakathi kokuqukethwe okuqinile kwe-flux kanye nokushiswa kwe-THT?

Okuqukethwe okuqinile ngokuvamile ku-10%-25%. Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwandisa insalela; okuqukethwe okuphansi kunciphisa ukususwa kwe-oxide. Kunconywa u-15%-20% ekusongeleni okungenalo i-lead.
75. Ungaxazulula kanjani ukuthambekela kwengxenye ngemva kokufakwa kwe-THT?

Hlola umfutho womlomo (0.4-0.6MPa), lungisa ukunemba kwendawo yokuphakela (iphutha elingu-≤0.1mm), bese usebenzisa ingcina elungisiwe kusengaphambili yezingxenye ezisindayo.
76. Ungaklama kanjani usayizi wokuvula imaski ye-PCB solder ye-THT?

Izimbobo kufanele zibe nkulu ngo-0.1-0.2mm kunezimbobo ohlangothini ngalunye ukuze kuvinjelwe ukungcoliswa kwemaski futhi kuthuthukiswe isivuno ngo-~15%.
77. Yiziphi izivivinyo ezibalulekile zansuku zonke zemishini ye-THT?

Hlola izinga lokushisa lebhodwe le-solder (±3℃), ukuhlushwa kwe-flux (±5% ukuguquguquka), ukuphakama kwamagagasi (1.5-2.5mm), ukucindezelwa kwe-conveyor (20-30N), kanye nokumelana nomhlabathi (≤4Ω).
78. Ungazibona kanjani iziphambeko ze-THT solder nge-AOI?

Setha amapharamitha okwakheka kwamalunga, umbala, i-engeli yokumanzisa (≤30°), bese usebenzisa ukufunda komshini ukuze uthole izinga lokutholwa kwamaphutha elingu-≥95%.

16. Izicelo Ezikhethekile Nokuthembeka

79. Yiziphi izidingo ezikhethekile zokushisela i-transformer lead ku-THT?

Sebenzisa i-cross-soldering kuma-multi-leads, yandisa isikhathi sokugoqa sibe yimizuzwana engu-4-6; sebenzisa i-solder equkethe isiliva (isb., i-Sn96.5Ag3.0Cu0.5) ngokumelana nokushisa ≤3℃/W.
80. Ukuphakama kuyithinta kanjani i-THT soldering?

Uma ukhuphuka ukuphakama ngakunye okungamamitha ayi-1000, ingcindezi yomkhathi yehla ngo-10%, iphuzu lokubila le-solder lehla ngo-5-8℃. Nciphisa izinga lokushisa lokunamathisela i-solder futhi wandise umsebenzi wokujikeleza.
81. Ungabhekana kanjani nokufakwa kwengxenye yefomu elingajwayelekile ku-THT?

Sebenzisa izinto ezenziwe ngokwezifiso noma isiqondiso sokubona irobhothi ukuze uthole ukunemba okungu-±0.02mm; lungiselela kusengaphambili ama-lead angajwayelekile ukuze alingane kahle.
82. Kungani amajoyinti e-THT solder ephenduka abe mhlophe futhi angalungiswa kanjani?

Amabala amhlophe abangelwa ukungcola (isb., i-zinc) noma ukushisa ngokweqile (>270℃). Buyisela i-solder bese ugcina izinga lokushisa lingama-230-260℃.
83. Kuhlanganisani ukulinganiswa kwaminyaka yonke kwemishini ye-THT?

Linganisa iphrofayili yokushisa (±5℃), ukuphakama kwamagagasi (±0.1mm), ivolumu yokushintshashintsha (±10%), kanye nesikhathi (±0.1s) samapharamitha ayinhloko.

17. Ukulawulwa Kwekhwalithi kanye Nezindinganiso Zemboni

84. Ungabala kanjani i-THT first-pass leeve?

Inzuzo yokuphasa kokuqala = (Amayunithi aphelele - Amayunithi ahlulekile kuqala)/Amayunithi aphelele × 100%. Izinga elihle kakhulu ≥98%.
85. Yiziphi izidingo zesitifiketi se-THT emishinini yokubonisana yesitimela?

Kudingeka isitifiketi sokuthembeka kwemvelo se-EN 50121 EMC kanye ne-EN 50155. Amalunga e-solder kumele aphumelele ukuhlolwa kokudlidliza okungu-5-50Hz/2g amahora ama-3.
86. Ukuthambeka kokushisa kwangaphambili kwe-PCB kuyithinta kanjani ikhwalithi yokusongelwa kwe-THT?

Ukuthambeka okushisayo okunconywayo ku-1-3℃/s. Ukuthambeka okweqile kubangela ukucindezeleka kokushisa; ukuthambeka okunganele kunciphisa ukusebenza kokuguquguquka. Ukuthambeka okufanele kunciphisa amaphutha ngo-20%.
87. Ungahlola kanjani ukushintshwa kwe-THT solders?

Sebenzisa isivivinyo sokulinganisela kokumanzisa: I-Sn-Pb solder kufanele ifinyelele amandla aphezulu okumanzisa ≤2s ku-235℃, noma i-engeli yokumanzisa ≤25° ukuze isebenze kahle.
88. Ungakuvimbela kanjani ukukhululeka kwejoyinti le-solder yesixhumi ku-THT?

Faka i-threadlocker (isb., i-Loctite 243) ukuze uthole i-torque engu-10-15N・m evimbela ukuxega, noma sebenzisa ama-latches omshini ukuze umelane nokudlidliza.

18. Ukuthuthukiswa kwenqubo kanye nobuchwepheshe obusha

89. Imvamisa yokugoqa ithinta kanjani ukuthembeka kwamalunga e-THT?

Ukushisela okuphindaphindiwe okungaphezu kwezikhathi ezi-3 kwandisa ukujiya kwezingqimba ze-intermetallic ngo-50% futhi kunciphisa isikhathi sokukhathala ngo-60%. Kukhawulela emizamweni yokushisela engu-≤2 ngejoyinti ngalinye.
90. Ungabala kanjani izinga lokukhiqizwa kwe-solder dross ku-THT?

Izinga lokulahlwa = (Isamba se-solder esisetshenzisiwe - I-solder esebenzayo esetshenzisiwe)/Isamba se-solder esisetshenzisiwe × 100%. Ukulawula okuvamile ≤3%-5%.
91. Yiziphi izidingo zokuhlanzeka ze-THT emikhiqizweni yezempi?

Kumelwe kuhlangatshezwane nezindinganiso ze-MIL-P-28809 ezinokungcola kwe-ionic okungaphezulu okungu-≤1.0μg/cm², okuhlolwe nge-ion chromatography ukuvimbela ukufuduka kwe-electrochemical.
92. Ungalisebenzisa kanjani izinga lokupholisa ekusongeleni kwamagagasi e-THT?

Izinga lokupholisa elinconywayo ku-3-5℃/s. Ukushesha kakhulu kubangela ukuqhekeka; ukuhamba kancane kakhulu kunciphisa ukusebenza kahle. Sebenzisa ukupholisa komoya ophoqelelwe namanzi ukuze ulawule ngokunemba.
93. I-THT ingahlangana kuphi nobuchwepheshe obusha bokunamathisela (isb., ukunamathisela nge-laser)?

Kumabhodi axubile anobukhulu obuphezulu, sebenzisa i-laser soldering ye-SMT kanye ne-wave soldering yezingxenye ze-THT ezinamandla aphezulu; noma ukuvuselela i-laser ukulungisa amaphutha e-THT.

Ngobuchwepheshe bokufaka imbobo i-THT

1. Imiqondo nezimiso eziyisisekelo

1. Kuyini i-Through Hole Technology (THT)?

2. Yimuphi umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-THT kanye ne-Surface Mount Technology (SMT)?

3. Iyini inqubo eyisisekelo yokugeleza kwe-THT?

4. Yiziphi izinhlobo zezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi ezifanele i-THT?

5. Iyini i-diameter encane kakhulu ye-PCB enqubweni ye-THT?

2. Ukuphathwa Kwezingxenye Nokugoba

6. Yiziphi izimo ezijwayelekile zama-lead ezingxenye ze-THT?

7. Yiziphi izidingo zokukwazi ukusonta zama-lead ezingxenye?

8. Ungakuthuthukisa kanjani ukushintshwa kwezinsimbi ze-component lead?

9. Bungakanani ubude be-lead obufanele bezingxenye ze-THT?

10. Izinto ezahlukene zomthofu zithinta kanjani ukushiselwa kwensimbi?

3. Okuhlobene neBhodi Yesekethe Ephrintiwe (i-PCB)

11. Yiziphi izidingo zezinto ze-PCB enqubweni ye-THT?

12. Yiziphi izindinganiso zokubekezelelana kwama-PCB vias?

13. Ungakuvimbela kanjani ukuguqulwa kwe-PCB ngesikhathi sokushiswa kwe-THT?

14. Ukungalungi kodonga kukuthinta kanjani ukusonta?

15. Yiziphi izidingo ezikhethekile zama-PCB anezingqimba eziningi ku-THT?

4. Inqubo Yokushisela - Ukushisela Amagagasi

16. Iyini isimiso esiyisisekelo sokugoqa amagagasi?

17. Liyini izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile le-solder lokufaka i-wave soldering?

18. Yisiphi isikhathi esivamile sokunamathisela i-wave soldering?

19. Ungakulungisa kanjani ukuphakama kwegagasi ekusongeni kwegagasi?

20. Yiziphi izindlela zokusebenzisa i-flux ekuhlanganiseni amagagasi kanye nezici zazo?

5. Inqubo Yokushisela - Ukushisela Ngesandla kanye Nokunye

21. Ungalawula kanjani izinga lokushisa nesikhathi sokushiswa ngesandla kwezingxenye ze-THT?

22. Yiziphi izici kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-dip soldering?

23. Yiziphi izinzuzo zokufaka i-solder ekhethiwe?

24. Ingabe ukushisela kabusha kungasetshenziswa ezingxenyeni ze-THT?

25. Yiziphi izidingo ze-solder zezinqubo ezahlukene zokunamathisela?

6. I-Solder kanye ne-Flux

26. Yiziphi izinhlobo ezivamile zama-solder e-THT?

27. Yimuphi umehluko ekusebenzeni kokunamathisela phakathi kwama-solder angenawo umthofu kanye nama-solder ane-lead?

28. Iyini indima eyinhloko yokuguquguquka?

29. Ahlukaniswa kanjani amazinga omsebenzi we-flux?

30. Iyini imiphumela yezinsalela ze-flux kumasekethe?

7. Imishini kanye Namathuluzi

31. Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zemishini yokufaka ezenzakalelayo?

32. Kuyini ukunemba okuvamile kokufakwa kwemishini yokufaka ngokuzenzakalelayo?

33. Kuhlanganisani ukulungiswa kwansuku zonke kwemishini yokusonga amagagasi?

34. Yimaphi amaphuzu abalulekile okukhetha nokusebenzisa amathuluzi okunamathisela ngesandla?

35. Yiziphi izinhlobo zezinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ezinqubweni ze-THT?

8. Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi kanye nokuhlaziywa kwamaphutha

36. Yiziphi izinkinga ezivamile ekusongeleni kwe-THT?

37. Yiziphi izimbangela nezixazululo zamalunga abandayo?

38. Yiziphi izimbangela kanye nezinyathelo zokuvimbela ukuvalwa kwebhuloho?

39. Ungahlola kanjani ikhwalithi yokunamathisela i-THT?

40. Yiziphi izindinganiso zekhwalithi zokushisela i-THT?

9. Ukuvikelwa Nokuphepha Kwemvelo

41. Yiziphi izidingo zemvelo zezinqubo ze-THT?

42. Yiziphi izidingo ezikhethekile abanazo abaqhubi be-solder abangenalo i-lead?

43. Ungalahla kanjani imfucuza ehlanganisiwe bese ushintshashintsha izinqubo ze-THT?

44. Yiziphi izidingo zokungenisa umoya ezindaweni zokusebenzela zokushisela?

45. Yiziphi izinyathelo zokuphepha zamakhemikhali asetshenziswa ezinqubweni ze-THT?

10. Ukuthuthukiswa kwenqubo kanye nokulawulwa kwezindleko

46. ​​Ungakuthuthukisa kanjani ukusebenza kahle kwenqubo ye-THT?

47. Yiziphi izingxenye eziyinhloko zezindleko zezinqubo ze-THT?

48. Ungazinciphisa kanjani izindleko zokukhiqiza i-THT?

49. Izindleko ze-THT ziqhathaniswa kanjani ne-SMT?

50. Ungathuthukisa kanjani isivuno se-THT soldering ngokusebenzisa ukulungiswa kwenqubo?

11. Izicelo ezikhethekile kanye nezinqubo ezixubile

51. Yiziphi izinzuzo zokuhlanganiswa kwe-THT/SMT okuxubile?

52. Iyini inqubo yokuhlanganisa i-THT/SMT exubile?

53. Ungakuvimbela kanjani ukuhlukaniswa kwezingxenye ze-SMT ngesikhathi sokushiswa kwamagagasi ezinqubweni ezixubile?

54. Yiziphi izidingo ezikhethekile i-THT enazo ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezinokwethenjelwa okuphezulu?

55. Yiziphi izinto ezibalulekile zokulawula ikhwalithi ye-THT ezisetshenziswa empini?

12. Ubuchwepheshe Obusha kanye Nentuthuko Yesikhathi Esizayo

56. Yiziphi izindlela zentuthuko zesikhathi esizayo ze-THT?

57. Uyini umthelela wokuphrinta kwe-3D ku-THT?

58. Yimaphi amathuba okusebenzisa i-AI ku-THT?

59. Izinto ezintsha zokubopha ziqhuba kanjani ukuthuthukiswa kwe-THT?

60. Yiziphi izinselele namathuba alethwa yizidingo eziluhlaza ku-THT?

13. Ukulungiswa kwepharamitha yenqubo

61. Ungazilungisa kanjani imingcele yokugoqa amagagasi ezingosini ezibandayo ezivamile?

62. Ukuhlushwa kwe-flux kuyithinta kanjani ikhwalithi yokunamathisela? Ungakulungisa kanjani?

63. Isivinini sokufaka sithinta kanjani ikhwalithi yemishini ezenzakalelayo?

64. Iyini indima yokushisa kwangaphambi kokushisa ekushiseni kwe-THT? Ungayisetha kanjani?

65. Ukushisa okuzungezile kukuthinta kanjani ukushiswa kwe-THT?

66. Ungakuvimbela kanjani ukuhlukaniswa kwamaphedi e-PCB ku-THT?

46. Ungakuthuthukisa kanjani ukusebenza kahle kwenqubo ye-THT?