Zvikamu zveModule

Kuburikidza netekinoroji yekuisa maburi THT

1. Pfungwa huru nemisimboti

1. Chii chinonzi Through Hole Technology (THT)?

THT tekinoroji inopinza zvinhu zvemagetsi zvinopinza mumaburi ePCB uye inoita kuti magetsi abatanidzwe uye agadziriswe kuburikidza nekusungirirwa. Ndiyo imwe yenzira dzechinyakare dzekugadzira zvinhu zvemagetsi.
2. Ndeipi misiyano mikuru iri pakati peTHT neSurface Mount Technology (SMT)?

- Matinji echikamu cheTHT anoda kusungirirwa nepakati pemaburi, nepo zvikamu zveSMT zvakaiswa zvakananga pamusoro pePCB.

- THT ine kushanda kwakaderera pakugadzira uye ine nzvimbo yakakura; SMT inopa kushanda kwakawanda uye huwandu hwevanhu (IPC data: huwandu hweSMT hwakapetwa katatu kusvika kashanu kupfuura hweTHT).

- THT inokodzera zvikamu zvine simba guru/hukuru hukuru; SMT inokodzera zvikamu zvidiki/zvakanyanya kuwanda.
3. Ndeipi nzira huru yekufamba kweTHT?

Kugadzirira zvikamu → Kuisa → Kubatanidza (kusanganisa mafungu ekushandisa, kusanganisa nemaoko/kunyika zvinhu zvakakosha) → Kucheka mutobvu → Kuongorora
4. Ndezvipi zvinhu zvemagetsi zvakakodzera THT?

- Zvikamu zvine simba guru (semuenzaniso, ma transistors emagetsi, ma transformer, ma capacitor makuru emagetsi)

- Zvikamu zvinoda simba guru remakanika (semuenzaniso, zvinobatanidza)

- Zvikamu zvine nzvimbo yakakura ye lead uye zvinodiwa zvishoma zvekunyatsojeka
5. Ndeipi dhayamita shoma yePCB mukuita kweTHT?

Maitiro akajairwa: 0.8mm; Maitiro akakosha: 0.4mm (nemutengo wakawedzera zvakanyanya uye kuoma)

2. Kubata Zvikamu uye Pin

6. Ndezvipi zvimiro zvakajairika zveTHT component leads?

- Nhumbi dzakatwasuka (dzakakodzera michina yekuisa otomatiki)

- Mativi akakombama (semuenzaniso, J-type, L-type, zvichiwedzera kugadzikana kwemuchina mushure mekunyungudutsa)
7. Ndezvipi zvinodiwa kuti pave nekugona kusunganidzwa kwezvikamu zvemagetsi?

Pa IPC-J-STD-001: Pa 235℃±5℃, yakanyudzwa mupoto yesolder kwemasekondi 2-3, solder coverage ≥95%
8. Nzira yekuvandudza sei kuchinjika kwemidziyo yezvikamu?

- Kuputira simbi (semuenzaniso, Sn, Ag plating)

- Shandisa flux usati waisa simbi kuti ubvise oxide layers uye uwedzere kunyorova
9. Ndeipi urefu hwakakodzera hwe lead yezvikamu zveTHT?

Kubuda kwemutobvu kubva pamusoro pePCB soldering: 2-3mm (kupfupika kunokonzera kusabatana zvakanaka; kureba kwakanyanya kunogona kukonzera kupfupika kwemagetsi uye kunoda kuchekwa zvakanyanya)
10. Zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zve lead zvinokanganisa sei kusungirirwa kwesimbi?

- Mhangura: Kugona kusundirwa zvakanaka, kwakajairika

- Simbi: Inowanzo kurungwa neokisijeni, haigone kusungirirwa zvakanaka, inoda kurapwa kwakakosha

- Ma alloys (semuenzaniso, alloys dzemhangura): Anoenzanisa simba uye kugona kusanganisa zvinhu

3. Bhodhi reDunhu Rakadhindwa (PCB) rine chekuita naro

11. Ndezvipi zvinodiwa zvePCB zvinhu mukuita kweTHT?

Kazhinji inoshandisa FR-4 substrate ine Tg ≥130℃, ine insulation yakanaka yemagetsi, simba remakanika, uye inodzivirira kupisa.
12. Ndezvipi zvinodiwa pakushivirira PCB vias?

- Kushivirira dhayamita: ± 0.05mm

- Kushivirira nzvimbo yegomba: ± 0.1mm
13. Nzira yekudzivirira sei kushanduka kwePCB panguva yekusungirirwa kweTHT?

- Sarudza ukobvu hwakakodzera hwe substrate (yakajairwa 1.6mm)

- Gadzirisa marongerwo ePCB (dzivisa nzvimbo dzakakura dzemhangura dzakasimba)

- Shandisa mipendero yemaitiro uye zvigadzirwa zvekutsigira
14. Kukombama kwemadziro kunokanganisa sei kusungirirwa kwesimbi?

Kukosha kweRa kunofanirwa kudzorwa pa1.6-3.2μm: Kuomarara kwakanyanya kunokonzera kusazadzwa zvakanaka kwe solder; kunyorova zvakanyanya kunoderedza kunyorova
15. Ndezvipi zvinodiwa zvakakosha zvemaPCB ane layer akawanda muTHT?

- Inoda kurongeka kwakanyatsojeka kwezvikamu zviviri (zvinowanzo gadziriswa neCNC drilling)

- Kuchenjerera kuputira mukati mezvikamu panguva yekuputira kuti usashandise ma "short circuits"

4. Maitiro Ekushongedza - Kubatanidza Mafungu

16. Ndeipi musimboti wekutanga wekusungirirwa kwemafungu?

Pombi yesolder inonyungudutsa solder kuita wave, uye PCB/leads dzinosungirirwa kana dzichipfuura nemuwave. Kusungirirwa kwemafungu maviri kunoderedza kubatana kwekubatanidza uye kutonhora kwemajoini.
17. Tembiricha yesolder yakajairika pakusoldering kwemafungu ndeyei?

- Sn63Pb37 (ine lead): 245℃ -255℃

- Sn96.5Ag3.0Cu0.5 (isina mutobvu): 255℃-265℃
18. Ndeipi nguva yakajairika yekusonesa yewave soldering?

Nguva yekubata lead-wave: masekondi 2-4 (pfupi kwazvo inokonzera kusashanda zvakanaka kwesimbi; nguva yakareba inokonzera kukuvara kwechikamu kana kushanduka kwePCB)
19. Ungagadzirisa sei kukwirira kwemafungu mu wave soldering?

Kureba kwemafungu: 1/2-2/3 yehukobvu hwePCB (yakagadziriswa kuburikidza nekuyerera kwepombi yekusolder uye kumanikidzwa; kukwirira kwakanyanya kunokonzera kubatana, mhedzisiro yakaderera yekusakwana kwekusolder)
20. Ndedzipi nzira dzekushandisa flux mu wave soldering uye hunhu hwadzo?

- Spray: Kushandiswa kwakaderera, yunifomu, yakakodzera kune yakakwirira
-kusonesa kwakarurama

- Furo: Yakanyanya kuwanda, yakakodzera kune gobvu
-mafirimu edunhu

- Wave: Kushanda zvakanaka, marara akawanda

5. Maitiro Ekubatanidza - Kubatanidza Nemaoko Nezvimwe

21. Maitiro ekudzora tembiricha nenguva yekusonesa nemaoko zvikamu zveTHT?

Tembiricha yesimbi inosungirirwa: 300℃-350℃; pajoini rega rega: masekondi 2-3 (dzivisa kukuvara pakupisa kwakanyanya)
22. Ndezvipi zvinhu uye mashandisirwo e dip soldering?

Hunhu: Kushanda zvakanaka asi kunowanzo sangana; Mashandisirwo: Kugadzirwa kwemaPCB akareruka ane nzvimbo yakakura ye lead
23. Ndezvipi zvakanakira zvekusarudza soldering?

Kubatanidza zvinhu zvakanangana nenzvimbo dzakatarwa, kudzivirira kukanganiswa kwezvinobatanidza zvinhu kune dzimwe nzvimbo. Zvakakodzera mabhodhi eTHT/SMT akasanganiswa kuderedza mhedzisiro yekubatanidza zvinhu pazvikamu zveSMT.
24. Ko kusungirirwa kwemvura zvakare kunogona kushandiswa here kune zvikamu zveTHT?

Kubatanidzazve magetsi kunonyanya kushandiswa paSMT. Kunogona kushandiswa pazvikamu zveTHT (semuenzaniso, zvikamu zvidiki/zvishoma zvine simba remagetsi), asi kwete zvakanyanya.
25. Ndezvipi zvinodiwa zvemuchina wekusonesa pakuita zvakasiyana-siyana zvekusonesa?

- Kubatanidza mafungu: Kuyerera kwakanyanya, kuramba kuoxidation

- Kubatanidza nemaoko: Nzvimbo iri pakati nepakati yekunyunguduka, kunyorova zvakanaka

- Kunyungudutsa mudhipu: Kufukidza kwakasimba

- Maitiro akafanana: Kusunga mafungu/kunyudza kunoshandisa maburi ekusonesa; kusanganisa nemaoko kunoshandisa waya yekusonesa

6. Solder neFlux

26. Ndezvipi zvinhu zvakajairika zvinogadzirwa nemasolder eTHT?

Zvinoshandiswa zvinosanganisa tin-lead (Sn63Pb37, eutectic point 183℃) uye zvisina lead (semuenzaniso, Sn96.5Ag3.0Cu0.5, melting point 217℃). Zvinoshandiswa zvisina lead zviri kushandiswa zvakanyanya nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakatipoteredza.
27. Ndeipi musiyano uripo pakati pemashandiro ekusonesa pakati pemasonesa asina lead neane lead?

Zvishandiso zvisina mutobvu zvine mwero wekunyunguduka kwepamusoro pe30-40℃ uye hazvinyanyi kunyorova, zvinoda tembiricha yakakwira yekusonesa uye kunyatsoita basa, asi zvinoenderana neRoHS standards.
28. Basa guru rekuchinja kwesimba nderei?

Inobvisa ma oxides kubva panzvimbo dzinosungirirwa, inoderedza kushushikana kwenzvimbo dzinosungirirwa, inowedzera kunyorova, uye inodzivirira kudzokorora kwe oxidation panguva yekusungirirwa.
29. Mazinga ekushanda kweflux anorongwa sei?

Yakarongwa zvichienderana neIPC-J-STD-001 seR (isiri kushanda), RMA (basa riri pakati nepakati), uye RA (rinoshanda). Basa rakawanda rinovandudza kubviswa kweokisijeni asi rinogona kuwedzera njodzi yekuora kwemarara.
30. Ndezvipi zvinokonzerwa nema "flux residues" pamasero?

Zvinogona kukonzera mapfupi, kubuda kwemvura, kana ngura yezvikamu/maPCB netsvina inoshanda zvakanyanya, kazhinji zvinoda kucheneswa mushure mekunyungudutswa.

7. Midziyo neMaturusi

31. Ndedzipi mhando huru dzemichina yekuisa otomatiki?

Mhando huru: dzakatwasuka (dzakakodzera zvikamu zve axial zvakaita se resistors) uye dzakatwasuka (dzakakodzera zvikamu zve radial zvakaita se electrolytic capacitors).
32. Ndeipi nzira chaiyo yekuisa michina yekuisa otomatiki?

Michina yemazuva ano ine ±0.1mm chaiyo, yakakodzera zvikamu zvakawanda zveTHT.
33. Kugadziriswa kwemichina yekusonesa mafungu zuva nezuva kunosanganisirei?

Kucheneswa kwemapoto e solder nguva dzose, kutsiva solder, kuyera tembiricha/hurefu hwemafungu, kuchenesa flux system, uye kunyorovesa ne mechanical.
34. Ndezvipi zvinhu zvakakosha pakusarudza nekushandisa maturusi ekunamira nemaoko?

Sarudza simbi dzinosungirirwa dzine 30W-60W dzine maumbirwo akasiyana-siyana emuromo; vhara muromo usati washandisa kudzivirira oxidation.
35. Ndeapi marudzi ezvishandiso anowanzo shandiswa mukuita kweTHT?

Inosanganisira zvigadziriso zvekuisa PCB, zvinobata zvikamu, uye zvinotsigira zvekusonesa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti nzvimbo yacho yakarurama uye yakagadzikana.

8. Kudzora hunhu uye kuongorora zvikanganiso

36. Ndezvipi zvikanganiso zvinowanzoonekwa pakusungirirwa kweTHT?

Majoini anotonhora, kuvharirana, kushona kusina kukwana, mabhora ekusonesa, nezvimwewo. Majoini anotonhora zvinoreva kusabatana zvakanaka kwemagetsi; kuvharirana kunokonzera kupfupika kwemaseti pakati pemapedhi.
37. Ndezvipi zvinokonzera uye zvinogadzirisa majoini anotonhora?

Zvinokonzera: Matinji ane oxidized, solder isina kukwana, tembiricha/nguva isina kukodzera, flux shoma. Mhinduro: Chenesa matinji, gadzirisa ma parameter, sarudza flux yakakodzera.
38. Ndezvipi zvikonzero uye matanho ekudzivirira kusangana kwedambudziko?

Zvinokonzera: Kunyungudutsa zvakanyanya, kureba kwemafungu, nzvimbo diki ye lead, kuyerera kusina kuenzana. Kudzivirira: Gadzirisa vhoriyamu ye solder, kukwirira kwemafungu, dhizaini yePCB, uye kushandiswa kwe flux.
39. Maitiro ekuongorora kunaka kweTHT soldering?

Kuongorora zvinoonekwa (AOI), X-ray (AXI), bvunzo yemudunhu (ICT). Kuongorora zvinoonekwa kana paine zvikanganiso pamusoro; X-ray yekubatana kwemukati mejoini.
40. Ndezvipi zvinodiwa pakugadzirisa THT?

Maererano neIPC-A-610, majoini esimbi anofanira kunge akatsetseka, asina kuputika, aine ≥95% yekuvhara lead uye kubatana kwemagetsi kwakavimbika.

9. Kudzivirirwa Kwezvakatipoteredza uye Kuchengetedzwa

41. Ndezvipi zvinodiwa zvakatipoteredza pakuita kweTHT?

Tevedzera mirairo yeRoHS yekuderedza zvinhu zvine njodzi; chenesa magasi eutsi; dzokorora marara zvakanaka uye shandura mvura.
42. Ndezvipi zvinodiwa zvakakosha nevashandi vekugadzira zvinhu zvisina mutobvu?

Pfeka magirovhosi nemagogorosi asingapisi; gara uchiongororwa hutano hwako kuti udzivise kutsva uye kufema mweya une gasi.
43. Nzira yekurasa marara anosunganidzwa uye kuyerera kwemvura mumaitiro eTHT?

Kugadzira marara kunofanirwa kudzokororwa nemakambani ane hunyanzvi; kutenderera kwemarara (makemikari ane njodzi) kunofanirwa kuvharwa uye kubatwa nemakambani ane hunyanzvi emarara ane njodzi.
44. Ndezvipi zvinodiwa zvekufema pakugadzira maworkshop ekusonesa?

Chengetedza mhepo yakanaka kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti huwandu hwemagasi ane njodzi huri pasi pemiganhu yekusvibiswa nebasa, nekuchinja kwemhepo ≥12 paawa.
45. Ndezvipi matanho ekuchengetedza emakemikari anoshandiswa mukuita kweTHT?

Flux nemamwe makemikari anogona kutsva; chengetedza kure nezvinhu zvinopisa. Kana paine makemikari anoparadza, sukurudza nekukurumidza mushure mekuashandisa wochengeta/kushandisa sezvakataurwa.

10. Kugadzirisa maitiro uye kudzora mutengo

46. Nzira yekuvandudza sei kushanda zvakanaka kwemaitiro eTHT?

Gadzirisa kutevedzana kwekupinza, shandisa michina inokurumidza otomatiki, gadzirisa kuyerera kwemaitiro, uye vandudza kugadzikana kwemidziyo.
47. Ndezvipi zvikamu zvikuru zvemutengo wemaitiro eTHT?

Zvikamu, PCB, solder/flux, kudzikira/kugadzirisa michina, vashandi, uye mari yekuongorora.
48. Nzira yekuderedza sei mari yekugadzira THT?

Kutenga zvinhu zvakawanda kuderedza mari inoshandiswa muzvikamu, kugadzirisa dhizaini yePCB kuderedza marara, kuvandudza goho rekuderedza kugadziriswa patsva, uye kunzwisisa kugoverwa kwezviwanikwa.
49. Mutengo weTHT unoenzaniswa sei neSMT?

THT ine mari shoma yekudyara mumidziyo asi inodhura vashandi/zvinhu. SMT ine mitengo yakawanda yemidziyo asi inoshanda zvakanaka/yakawandisa, zvichiita kuti mitengo yemidziyo iderere kwenguva refu.
50. Nzira yekuvandudza goho rekutengesa reTHT kuburikidza nekugadzirisa maitiro?

Kudzora tembiricha nemazvo, nguva, uye huwandu hwemvura inoyerera; kusimbisa kuongororwa kunouya; kugadzirisa michina nguva dzose; kudzidziswa kwemushandisi.

11. Mashandisirwo akakosha uye maitiro akasiyana-siyana

51. Ndezvipi zvakanakira zvekubatanidza THT/SMT zvakasanganiswa?

Inosanganisa kukodzera kweTHT kune zvikamu zvine simba guru neSMT's high-density miniaturization, ichizadzisa zvinodiwa zvekugadzira macircuit akaomarara.
52. Ndeipi nzira yekufambisa THT/SMT yakasanganiswa?

Kuisa SMT kutanga, wozoisa THT uye kuisungirira (wave kana kusarudza kuisungirira). Iva nechokwadi chekuti zvikamu zveSMT zvinogona kumira tembiricha yekusungirira THT.
53. Nzira yekudzivirira sei kuparadzaniswa kwezvikamu zveSMT panguva yekusungirirwa kwemafungu mumabasa akasiyana-siyana?

Shandisa namati inonamira tembiricha yepamusoro kugadzirisa zvikamu zveSMT, gadzirisa maparamita ekusonesa mafungu kuti uderedze kukanganiswa, uye shandisa mafungu maviri kuti uve nechimiro chemafungu chakanakisa.
54. Ndezvipi zvinodiwa zvakakosha neTHT pakushandisa kwakavimbika zvikuru?

Zvikamu zvemhando yepamusoro, maPCB, uye zvinosungirirwa; kudzora kwakasimba kwekugadzirisa; matanho ekuwedzera ekuongorora; kushandiswa kunogona kuitwa kwemaitiro akakosha senge kusungirirwa kwevacuum.
55. Ndezvipi zvinhu zvakakosha pakudzora hunhu hweTHT mukushandiswa kwemauto?

Tevedzerai mitemo yemauto (semuenzaniso, GJB), 100% kuongororwa kwezvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa, maitiro ekusonesa anoteverwa, uye bvunzo dzepamusoro (X-ray/ultrasonic).

12. Tekinoroji Dziri Kubudirira uye Kubudirira Kwemangwana

56. Ndeapi mafambiro ekuvandudza THT mune ramangwana?

Kufambira mberi kune otomatiki uye ungwaru, kubatanidza zvinhu zvitsva uye maitiro kuti zvisangane nezvinodiwa zvekuunganidza zvine simba guru/huwandu hwepamusoro.
57. Chii chinokanganisa kudhinda kwe3D paTHT?

Inogonesa kugadzirwa nekukurumidza kwemaPCB akakosha uye zvigadziriso, ichideredza nguva yekugadzira uye mitengo yekugadzira yakaderera.
58. Ndezvipi zvingangoitika pakushandisa AI muTHT?

Mashandisirwo mukugadzirisa maparamita ekusonesa, kuona otomatiki kukanganisa, uye kufanotaura kutadza kwemidziyo kusimudzira hungwaru.
59. Zvinhu zvitsva zvinosungirirwa zvinotungamira sei kugadzirwa kweTHT?

Zvishandiso zvitsva (semuenzaniso, tembiricha yakaderera, kupisa kwakanyanya) zvinosangana nezvinodiwa zvekushandisa uye zvinowedzera chiyero cheTHT.
60. Ndezvipi zvinetso nemikana zvinounzwa nezvinodiwa zvekuchengetedza nharaunda kuTHT?

Matambudziko: Kudiwa kwezvinhu/maitiro asingakuvadzi nharaunda. Mikana: Kukurudzira kuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji uye zvinodiwa pamusika mutsva.

13. Kugadziriswa kweparamende yemaitiro

61. Maitiro ekugadzirisa ma "wave soldering parameters" ekubatanidza ma "cold joints" kakawanda?

Majoini anotonhora anowanzo kukonzerwa nekusakwana kwekushisa/nguva. Wedzera tembiricha yesolder ne5-10℃ uye nguva yekubata ne0.5-1s, zvichivandudza zvishoma nezvishoma.
62. Kuwanda kwemvura inoyerera kunokanganisa sei kunaka kwekunamira? Ungagadzirisa sei?

Kusanyanya kukora kunokonzera kutonhora kwemajoini; kuwanda kwakanyanya kunokonzera kusakara kwakawandisa. Tarisa simba remagetsi: wedzera kukora kana kwakaderera, diluent kana yakakwirira, kuchengetedza huwandu hwekushanda.
63. Kumhanya kwekuisa zvinhu kunokanganisa sei kunaka kwemichina inoshanda otomatiki?

Kumhanya kwakanyanya kunokonzera kusarongeka kana kushanduka kwemutobvu; kumhanya kunonoka kunoderedza kushanda zvakanaka. Sarudza kumhanya kwakakodzera kuburikidza nekugadzira kwekuyedza kuti uenzanise mhando uye kushanda zvakanaka.
64. Basa rekupisa tembiricha pakugadzira THT soldering nderei? Ungaigadzirisa sei?

Kupisa kunobvisa hunyoro, kunoderedza kushushikana kwekupisa, uye kunovandudza kunyorova. Gadzirira pa100-150℃, yakagadziriswa kuti ienderane nezvinhu zvePCB, ukobvu, uye kudzivirira kupisa kwezvikamu.
65. Kupisa kwemhepo kunokanganisa sei kusungirirwa kweTHT?

Pakuchinja kwega kwega kwe10℃ mukupisa kwemhepo, gadzirisa tembiricha yekusonesa ne3-5℃. Tembiricha dzakaderera dzinoderedza kuyerera kwesonesa; tembiricha dzakakwirira dzinokurumidzisa kubuda kwemvura. Pisa maPCB ari pasi pe15℃.
66. Nzira yekudzivirira sei kuparadzaniswa kwePCB pad muTHT?

Deredza nguva yekusonesa kusvika 2-4 masekondi, dzivisa kusonerazve; shandisa maPCB ane Tg≥130℃; desolder nepfuti dzemhepo dzinopisa dzinopisa zvishoma (≤350℃) uye flux paste, uchideredza kupatsanurwa kwemapad ne >80%.
67. Maitiro ekuongorora THT solder joints kuneta kuramba kuneta?

Kuyedzwa kwekupisa (-40℃ ~ 125℃, 500 cycles) kuti vaone kupararira kwemutswe; SEM yekuongorora microstructure. Nguva yekuneta inofanira kusangana ne3x kuchengetedzeka kwedhizaini.
68. Ndeipi basa rekudzivirira nitrogen mukubatanidza THT uye mashandisirwo ayo?

14. Ruzivo rwemaitirwo uye kugadzirisa matambudziko

69. Maitiro ekubata masara matema pamisungo yeTHT solder?

Zvisikwa zvitema zvinowanzoita flux carbonization. Shandisa flux isinganyanyi kushanda, wedzera tembiricha yekupisa ne10-15℃, kana kuchenesa ne ultrasonic ne isopropyl alcohol kana paine zvirwere zvakakomba.
70. Ndeapi mabasa emafungu maviri mukubatanidza mafungu eTHT?

Mafungu anotenderera (A-wave) anochenesa tambo uye anovandudza kupinda kwemuchina; mafungu akatsetseka (B-wave) anoumba majoini uye anobvisa kubatana. Chiyero chehurefu chinokurudzirwa pa1:1.2-1:1.5.
71. Kuchinja-chinja kwekumhanya kwemuchina wekutakura zvinhu kunokanganisa sei kunaka kweTHT soldering?

Kuchinja-chinja kwespeed >±5% kunokonzera kusagadzikana kwenguva yekusonesa, zvichikonzera kutonhora kana kunyura zvakanyanya. Shandisa servo control yeclosed-loop kuderedza kuchinja-chinja mukati me±1%.
72. Nzira yekuyera sei kuramba kwemagetsi kwekubatana kwemajoini eTHT solder?

Shandisa micro-ohmmeter ine 1A constant current kuyera kudonha kwevoltage. Kusagona kubatwa kwemagetsi kunofanira kuva ≤5mΩ (≤1mΩ kune majoini ane simba guru).
73. Ndezvipi zvinodiwa zvakakosha zveTHT mumapombi ekuchaja eEV?

Inoda dziviriro yeIP67, kuramba hunyoro hwe85℃/85%RH kwemaawa 1000; materminal ane simba guru anofanira kunge aine ≤0.5mΩ resistance yekubata uye ≥50N tensile strength.

15. Magadzirirwo ebasa uye kugadziriswa kwemidziyo

74. Chii chiri hukama huripo pakati peflux solid content neTHT soldering?

Kuwanda kwemvura kwakasimba kunowanzova 10%-25%. Kuwanda kwemvura kunowedzera marara; kushoma kwemvura kunoderedza kubviswa kweokisijeni. 15%-20% inokurudzirwa pakusonesa pasina lead.
75. Ungagadzirisa sei kurereka kwechikamu mushure mekuiswa kweTHT?

Tarisa kumanikidzwa kwemuromo wemuromo (0.4-0.6MPa), gadzirisa kurongeka kwenzvimbo yekudyisa (≤0.1mm kukanganisa), uye shandisa namati yakagayiwa kare pazvinhu zvinorema.
76. Maitiro ekugadzira saizi yekuvhura mask yePCB solder yeTHT?

Maburi anofanira kunge akakura ne 0.1-0.2mm kupfuura mapedhi ari kumativi ese kudzivirira kusvibiswa kwemasiki uye kuwedzera goho ne ~15%.
77. Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinokosha zvinoongororwa zuva nezuva zvemidziyo yeTHT?

Tarisa tembiricha yepoto yesolder (±3℃), huwandu hweflux (±5% kushanduka), kukwirira kwemafungu (1.5-2.5mm), kusimba kweconveyor (20-30N), uye kuramba kwepasi (≤4Ω).
78. Nzira yekuziva sei zvikanganiso zveTHT solder uchishandisa AOI?

Isa ma parameter echimiro chejoini, ruvara, kona yekunyorovesa (≤30°), uye shandisa machine learning kuti uone zvikanganiso zviri pajoini (≥95%).

16. Mashandisirwo Akakosha uye Kuvimbika

79. Ndezvipi zvinodiwa zvakakosha pakusunga transformer lead muTHT?

Shandisa cross-soldering kune multi-leads, wedzera nguva yekusonesa kusvika 4-6s; isa silver-containing solder (semuenzaniso, Sn96.5Ag3.0Cu0.5) ine resistance yekupisa ≤3℃/W.
80. Kureba kunokanganisa sei kusungirirwa kweTHT?

Pakuwedzera kwega kwega kwe1000m kureba, kumanikidzwa kwemhepo kunoderera ne10%, pombi yekufashaira inodonha ne5-8℃. Deredza tembiricha yekubatira solder uye wedzera mashandiro ekuyerera kwemvura.
81. Maitiro ekubata nekuiswa kwezvikamu zvisina chimiro muTHT?

Shandisa zvinhu zvakagadzirwa zvakagadzirwa kana gwara rekuona robhoti kuti uwane kururama kwe ±0.02mm; gadzira tambo dzisina kurongeka kuti dzikwane zvakanaka.
82. Sei THT solder joints ichichinja kuita chena uye kuti ingagadziriswa sei?

Mavara machena anokonzerwa nekusvibiswa (semuenzaniso, zinc) kana kupisa zvakanyanya (>270℃). Dzorera solder uye chengetedza tembiricha pa230-260℃.
83. Chii chinosanganisirwa pakuongororwa kwemidziyo yeTHT pagore?

Gadzirisa chimiro chetembiricha (±5℃), kukwirira kwemafungu (±0.1mm), vhoriyamu yeflux (±10%), uye nguva (±0.1s) yezvikamu zvepakati.

17. Kudzora Hunhu uye Maitiro Eindasitiri

84. Maitiro ekuverenga THT first-pass yield?

Mubairo wekutanga kupasa = (Mayunitsi ese - Mayunitsi ekutanga kukundikana)/Mayunitsi ese × 100%. Nhamba yakanaka kwazvo ≥98%.
85. Ndezvipi zvinodiwa zvechitupa cheTHT muzvishandiso zvechitima?

Zvinoda chitupa cheEN 50121 EMC neEN 50155 chekuvimbika kwezvakatipoteredza. Majoini esolder anofanira kupasa bvunzo yekudzungudza ye5-50Hz/2g kwemaawa matatu.
86. Kutsvedza kwePCB preheat kunokanganisa sei kunaka kweTHT soldering?

Kudzikisa tembiricha kunokurudzirwa pa1-3℃/s. Kudzikisa tembiricha kwakanyanya kunokonzera kushushikana kwekupisa; kusakwana kwetembiricha kunoderedza kushanda kwemvura. Kudzikisa tembiricha kwakakodzera kunoderedza zvikanganiso ne20%.
87. Maitiro ekuongorora kugona kusvira kwemasolder eTHT?

Shandisa bvunzo yekunyorovesa: Sn-Pb solder inofanira kusvika pakunyorovesa kwepamusoro ≤2s pa235℃, kana kona yekunyorovesa ≤25° kuti ishande zvakanaka.
88. Nzira yekudzivirira sei connector solder joint kusunungura muTHT?

Isa threadlocker (semuenzaniso, Loctite 243) pa 10-15N・m anti-loosening torque, kana kushandisa ma mechanical latches kuti isanyanya kudzungunyika.

18. Kugadzirisa maitiro uye matekinoroji ari kubuda

89. Kuwanda kwekusungirirwa kwesimbi kunokanganisa sei kuvimbika kwemajoini eTHT?

Kubatanidza zvinhu kakawanda kupfuura katatu kunowedzera ukobvu hwepakati pesimbi ne50% uye kunoderedza nguva yekuneta ne60%. Muganho wekuyedza kusanganisa zvinhu kaviri pajoini rega rega.
90. Maitiro ekuverenga mwero wekugadzirwa kwetsvina yesolder muTHT?

Mwero wetsvina = (Kushandiswa kwese ...
91. Ndezvipi zvinodiwa pakuchena kweTHT muzvigadzirwa zvemauto?

Inofanira kusangana nezvinodiwa neMIL-P-28809 ine kusvibiswa kweionic pamusoro ≤1.0μg/cm², yakaedzwa kuburikidza neion chromatography kudzivirira kufamba kwemagetsi.
92. Maitiro ekugadzirisa mwero wekutonhodza muTHT wave soldering?

Kutonhora kunokurudzirwa pa3-5℃/s. Kukurumidza kunokonzera kutsemuka; kunonoka kunoderedza kushanda zvakanaka. Shandisa mhepo inotonhorera nemvura kuti udzore nemazvo.
93. THT inogona kusanganiswa kupi netekinoroji itsva dzekusonesa (semuenzaniso, laser soldering)?

Mumabhodhi akasanganiswa ane density yakakura, shandisa laser soldering yeSMT uye wave soldering yezvikamu zveTHT zvine simba guru; kana laser rework yekugadzirisa THT defects.

Kuburikidza netekinoroji yekuisa maburi THT

1. Pfungwa huru nemisimboti

1. Chii chinonzi Through Hole Technology (THT)?

2. Ndeipi misiyano mikuru iri pakati peTHT neSurface Mount Technology (SMT)?

3. Ndeipi nzira huru yekufamba kweTHT?

4. Ndezvipi zvinhu zvemagetsi zvakakodzera THT?

5. Ndeipi dhayamita shoma yePCB mukuita kweTHT?

2. Kubata Zvikamu uye Pin

6. Ndezvipi zvimiro zvakajairika zveTHT component leads?

7. Ndezvipi zvinodiwa kuti pave nekugona kusunganidzwa kwezvikamu zvemagetsi?

8. Nzira yekuvandudza sei kuchinjika kwemidziyo yezvikamu?

9. Ndeipi urefu hwakakodzera hwe lead yezvikamu zveTHT?

10. Zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zve lead zvinokanganisa sei kusungirirwa kwesimbi?

3. Bhodhi reDunhu Rakadhindwa (PCB) rine chekuita naro

11. Ndezvipi zvinodiwa zvePCB zvinhu mukuita kweTHT?

12. Ndezvipi zvinodiwa pakushivirira PCB vias?

13. Nzira yekudzivirira sei kushanduka kwePCB panguva yekusungirirwa kweTHT?

14. Kukombama kwemadziro kunokanganisa sei kusungirirwa kwesimbi?

15. Ndezvipi zvinodiwa zvakakosha zvemaPCB ane layer akawanda muTHT?

4. Maitiro Ekushongedza - Kubatanidza Mafungu

16. Ndeipi musimboti wekutanga wekusungirirwa kwemafungu?

17. Tembiricha yesolder yakajairika pakusoldering kwemafungu ndeyei?

18. Ndeipi nguva yakajairika yekusonesa yewave soldering?

19. Ungagadzirisa sei kukwirira kwemafungu mu wave soldering?

20. Ndedzipi nzira dzekushandisa flux mu wave soldering uye hunhu hwadzo?

5. Maitiro Ekubatanidza - Kubatanidza Nemaoko Nezvimwe

21. Maitiro ekudzora tembiricha nenguva yekusonesa nemaoko zvikamu zveTHT?

22. Ndezvipi zvinhu uye mashandisirwo e dip soldering?

23. Ndezvipi zvakanakira zvekusarudza soldering?

24. Ko kusungirirwa kwemvura zvakare kunogona kushandiswa here kune zvikamu zveTHT?

25. Ndezvipi zvinodiwa zvemuchina wekusonesa pakuita zvakasiyana-siyana zvekusonesa?

6. Solder neFlux

26. Ndezvipi zvinhu zvakajairika zvinogadzirwa nemasolder eTHT?

27. Ndeipi musiyano uripo pakati pemashandiro ekusonesa pakati pemasonesa asina lead neane lead?

28. Basa guru rekuchinja kwesimba nderei?

29. Mazinga ekushanda kweflux anorongwa sei?

30. Ndezvipi zvinokonzerwa nema "flux residues" pamasero?

7. Midziyo neMaturusi

31. Ndedzipi mhando huru dzemichina yekuisa otomatiki?

32. Ndeipi nzira chaiyo yekuisa michina yekuisa otomatiki?

33. Kugadziriswa kwemichina yekusonesa mafungu zuva nezuva kunosanganisirei?

34. Ndezvipi zvinhu zvakakosha pakusarudza nekushandisa maturusi ekunamira nemaoko?

35. Ndeapi marudzi ezvishandiso anowanzo shandiswa mukuita kweTHT?

8. Kudzora hunhu uye kuongorora zvikanganiso

36. Ndezvipi zvikanganiso zvinowanzoonekwa pakusungirirwa kweTHT?

37. Ndezvipi zvinokonzera uye zvinogadzirisa majoini anotonhora?

38. Ndezvipi zvikonzero uye matanho ekudzivirira kusangana kwedambudziko?

39. Maitiro ekuongorora kunaka kweTHT soldering?

40. Ndezvipi zvinodiwa pakugadzirisa THT?

9. Kudzivirirwa Kwezvakatipoteredza uye Kuchengetedzwa

41. Ndezvipi zvinodiwa zvakatipoteredza pakuita kweTHT?

42. Ndezvipi zvinodiwa zvakakosha nevashandi vekugadzira zvinhu zvisina mutobvu?

43. Nzira yekurasa marara anosunganidzwa uye kuyerera kwemvura mumaitiro eTHT?

44. Ndezvipi zvinodiwa zvekufema pakugadzira maworkshop ekusonesa?

45. Ndezvipi matanho ekuchengetedza emakemikari anoshandiswa mukuita kweTHT?

10. Kugadzirisa maitiro uye kudzora mutengo

46. ​​Nzira yekuvandudza sei kushanda zvakanaka kwemaitiro eTHT?

47. Ndezvipi zvikamu zvikuru zvemutengo wemaitiro eTHT?

48. Nzira yekuderedza sei mari yekugadzira THT?

49. Mutengo weTHT unoenzaniswa sei neSMT?

50. Nzira yekuvandudza goho rekutengesa reTHT kuburikidza nekugadzirisa maitiro?

11. Mashandisirwo akakosha uye maitiro akasiyana-siyana

51. Ndezvipi zvakanakira zvekubatanidza THT/SMT zvakasanganiswa?

52. Ndeipi nzira yekufambisa THT/SMT yakasanganiswa?

53. Nzira yekudzivirira sei kuparadzaniswa kwezvikamu zveSMT panguva yekusungirirwa kwemafungu mumabasa akasiyana-siyana?

54. Ndezvipi zvinodiwa zvakakosha neTHT pakushandisa kwakavimbika zvikuru?

55. Ndezvipi zvinhu zvakakosha pakudzora hunhu hweTHT mukushandiswa kwemauto?

12. Tekinoroji Dziri Kubudirira uye Kubudirira Kwemangwana

56. Ndeapi mafambiro ekuvandudza THT mune ramangwana?

57. Chii chinokanganisa kudhinda kwe3D paTHT?

58. Ndezvipi zvingangoitika pakushandisa AI muTHT?

59. Zvinhu zvitsva zvinosungirirwa zvinotungamira sei kugadzirwa kweTHT?

60. Ndezvipi zvinetso nemikana zvinounzwa nezvinodiwa zvekuchengetedza nharaunda kuTHT?

13. Kugadziriswa kweparamende yemaitiro

61. Maitiro ekugadzirisa ma "wave soldering parameters" ekubatanidza ma "cold joints" kakawanda?

62. Kuwanda kwemvura inoyerera kunokanganisa sei kunaka kwekunamira? Ungagadzirisa sei?

63. Kumhanya kwekuisa zvinhu kunokanganisa sei kunaka kwemichina inoshanda otomatiki?

64. Basa rekupisa tembiricha pakugadzira THT soldering nderei? Ungaigadzirisa sei?

65. Kupisa kwemhepo kunokanganisa sei kusungirirwa kweTHT?

66. Nzira yekudzivirira sei kuparadzaniswa kwePCB pad muTHT?

46. Nzira yekuvandudza sei kushanda zvakanaka kwemaitiro eTHT?