Buku Lonse Lotsogolera Njira Yopangira Ma PCB | Kufotokozera kwa Kupanga Ma PCB a HDI
Kumbuyo kwa chipangizo chilichonse chamagetsi chodalirika kuli bolodi losindikizidwa bwino (PCB). Kuyambira zomangamanga za 5G mpaka zamagetsi zamagalimoto, zida zamankhwala, ndi zida zamagetsi, ma PCB amapanga maziko a machitidwe amagetsi. Kumvetsetsa njira yopangira tsatanetsatane ndikofunikira kwa mainjiniya opanga mapangidwe, oyang'anira bwino, ndi akatswiri ogula omwe akufuna kugwira ntchito bwino komanso kudalirika.
Munkhaniyi, tikuulula njira yonse yopangira ma PCB, kuyambira kujambula kwamkati mpaka kuwunika komaliza. Tikufufuzanso njira zapadera za HDI (High-Density Interconnect) zomwe zimathandiza kuti pakhale kuchuluka kwa ma routing komanso zinthu zazing'ono.
Njira Yopangira Ma PCB Yokhazikika: Kufotokozera Masitepe Ofunika
1. Chithunzi cha IL (Kujambula kwa Mkati mwa Chigawo)
Mapangidwe a circuit amasamutsidwira ku zigawo zamkati za mkuwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira za photolithography, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale maziko a ma PCB ambiri.
2. I/L AOI (Kuyang'anira Kokha kwa Optical)
Makina a AOI okhala ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba amawunika zigawo zamkati kuti awone ngati pali mafupi, ma open, ndi zolakwika pa kapangidwe kake, kuonetsetsa kuti ma circuits ndi olondola asanayambe kuyika.
3. B/Oxide (Black Oxide kapena Oxidation Treatment) 3. B/Oxide
Chophimba cha oxide kapena black oxide chimayikidwa pamwamba pa mkuwa wamkati kuti chikhale cholimba ndi zigawo za prepreg panthawi yopaka lamination.
4. Kuyimitsa galimoto
Zigawo zamkati, prepreg (semi-cured resin), ndi zojambula zamkuwa zakunja zimayikidwa motsatira kapangidwe kake kuti zikonzekeretse mgwirizano wa zigawo zambiri.
5. Kanikizani (Kupaka)
Chokocho chimatenthedwa kwambiri ndi kupanikizika mu makina osindikizira a lamination, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zigawozo zikhale maziko olimba a PCB okhala ndi zigawo zambiri.
6. Kuboola ndi Laser
Ma microvia amabowoledwa ndi ma laser kuti alumikize zigawo zakunja ku zigawo zinazake zamkati, zomwe ndizofunikira pakupanga BGA yopyapyala (https://www.richpcba.com/bga-assembly-capability/) ndi mapangidwe a HDI.
7. Kuboola (Makina)
8. PTH (Yophimbidwa ndi Bowo)
Mabowo odutsa amapakidwa ndi mkuwa pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndi ma elekitiroma kuti akhazikitse kulumikizana kwa magetsi m'magawo angapo.
9. Kuyika Ma Panel
Gawo lopangira mkuwa lokhala ndi mapanelo onse limawonjezera makulidwe a njira zoyendetsera mpweya ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zitsulo zimagwirizana m'mabowo obowoledwa.
10. Chithunzi cha O/L (Chithunzi cha Mbali Yakunja)
Mawonekedwe a circuit amasamutsidwira ku zojambula zamkuwa zakunja pogwiritsa ntchito photoresist ndi UV, mofanana ndi kujambula kwa mkati mwa layer.
11. Kupaka Mapatani
Kuphimba mkuwa kosankhidwa kumalimbitsa madera omwe amapanga mizere ya circuit pomwe mkuwa wosafunikira umachotsedwa pa sitepe yotsatira.
12. Kujambula kwa SES
Zipangizo zopangira mankhwala zimasungunula mkuwa wosatetezedwa, zomwe zimasiya zinthu zolondola zomwe zimagwirizana ndi kapangidwe kake.
13. O/L AOI (AOI yakunja)
Zigawo zakunja zimayesedwanso ndi makina kuti zizindikire zolakwika zilizonse monga kutseguka, kabudula, kapena zolakwika.
14. Chigoba cha S/Mask (Kugwiritsa Ntchito Chigoba cha Solder)
Inki ya chigoba cha solder imayikidwa ndi kukonzedwa kudzera mu mawonekedwe ndi kapangidwe kake kuti iteteze bolodi ku okosijeni ndikuletsa mipiringidzo ya solder panthawi yomanga.
15. Nthano (Kusindikiza kwa Silkscreen)
Zizindikiro za zigawo, ma logo, ndi zizindikiro zofotokozera zimasindikizidwa kuti zithandize kupanga, kuyesa, ndi kukonza.
16. Kumaliza Pamwamba (Kuchiza Pamwamba)
Nthambi Yakumanzere (Zomaliza Zapamwamba):
●ENIG (Golide Wopanda Nikeli Wopanda Magetsi)
●ENEPIG (Nikeli Wopanda Ma Electro Wopanda Ma Electro Palladium Womiza Golide)
●Golide Wolimba, Golide Wofewa
●HASL (Hot Air Solder Leveling) ndi LF-HASL (Yopanda Lead)
Zomalizazi zimapangitsa kuti soldering ikhale yolimba, kukana okosijeni, komanso kugwirizana kwa waya.
Nthambi Yamanja (Zomaliza Zina):
●Tin Yothira Madzi, Siliva Yothira Madzi
●OSP (Zosungira Zosungunuka Zachilengedwe) OSP
Izi ndi zotsika mtengo ndipo ndizoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mogwirizana ndi RoHS.
17. Njira (CNC Profiling)
Pogwiritsa ntchito ma rauta a CNC kapena makina odulidwa ndi V, PCB imaphwanyidwa mpaka kumapeto kwake ndikugawidwa m'mabolodi osiyanasiyana.
18. ET (Kuyesa Kwamagetsi)
Mayeso otseguka/afupi athunthu amaonetsetsa kuti ma circuit onse alumikizidwa bwino ndipo palibe vuto lamagetsi.
19. FV (Kuyang'anira Komaliza kwa Maso)
Oyang'anira aluso amachita kafukufuku wa khalidwe la katundu pamanja kuti adziwe zolakwika zilizonse kapena kusagwirizana kwa zinthu asanatumize katunduyo.
Kupanga Ma PCB a HDI: Njira Zowonjezereka Zopangira Mapangidwe Okhala Ndi Kachulukidwe KakakuluHDI PCB
Ma PCB a HDI (High-Density Interconnect) amapita patsogolo kuposa njira zodziwika bwino zopangira zinthu mwa kulola mizere yopyapyala kwambiri, ma microvia, ndi zinthu zazing'ono zomwe zimafunika mu mafoni a m'manja, zida za IoT, ndi makompyuta apamwamba.
Njira Zowonjezera Zomangira Zigawo
1. Kuphimba kwa Dielectric kwa Magawo Omangira
2. Kuboola kwa Laser kwa Blind Vias
3. Kudzera mu Metallization ya Akhungu
4. Kujambula ndi Kujambula Zithunzi Zosonyeza Kukongola
5. Kubwerezabwereza kwa Kuwonjezeka kwa Magazi
