PCB mai kauri na jan karfe

Yana nufin allunan da'ira da aka buga waɗanda kaurinsu ya kai ≥3oz (105μm), waɗanda ake amfani da su a cikin manyan kayan wutar lantarki, na'urorin lantarki na mota, da sauransu.

Bayanan da aka saba amfani da su sun haɗa da 3oz, 4oz, 5oz, 6oz, tare da matsakaicin 20oz.

Kudin masana'anta ya fi kashi 30%-80% saboda wahalar gogewa, tsawon lokacin da za a yi amfani da wutar lantarki, da kuma yawan sharar da aka yi.

Ga takardar jan ƙarfe mai girman oz 3, na gargajiya shine mil 8/mil 8, kuma matakai na musamman zasu iya kaiwa mil 5/mil 5.

Yana buƙatar adanawa na dogon lokaci don tabbatar da daidaiton layin jan ƙarfe. Kauri na jan ƙarfe yana buƙatar isa 25-75μm, kuma bambance-bambancen kauri tsakanin ramukan da bango suna iya faruwa.

Yawanci 0.8-1.2, wanda za'a iya ƙarawa zuwa sama da 1.5 ta hanyar sassaka mataki ko ƙirƙirar laser.

Ƙara hanyoyin watsa zafi (bututun ≥0.4mm), yi amfani da kayan sarrafa zafi na ƙarfe, kuma tsara manyan layukan foil na jan ƙarfe.

Ga takardar jan ƙarfe mai girman oz 1, ƙarfin ɗaukar waya mai gefe ɗaya a yanayin zafi na 10℃ kusan 1A/mm ne, kuma ana iya ƙara 3oz zuwa 2.5-3A/mm.

Mafi kauri foil ɗin jan ƙarfe, haka sassaucin zai yi muni. Ba a ba da shawarar lanƙwasawa ga sama da 6oz ba, kuma mafi ƙarancin radius na lanƙwasa ga 3oz shine ≥5mm.

Faɗin layin gefe ≥20%, mafi ƙarancin buɗewa ≥0.3mm, kauri na tagulla rami ≥25μm, da kuma ƙara yawan wuraren gwaji.

Saurin juyawa ya yi ƙasa da kashi 20%-30% idan aka kwatanta da na PCB na yau da kullun (kimanin juyawa 60,000-80,000 a minti ɗaya), kuma ƙimar ciyarwa shine 0.02-0.04mm/rev.

ENIG ya dace da siginar mita mai yawa. OSP yana da ƙarancin farashi amma yana da rauni wajen jure iskar shaka. Rufin zinariya mai tauri ya dace da masu haɗa haɗin da ke da babban toshewa.

A cikin mitar mita 10GHz, asarar siginar foil ɗin jan ƙarfe 6oz ya fi kusan 1.5dB/inch girma fiye da na 1oz.

Tsarin foil ɗin jan ƙarfe mai siffa ɗaya, zafin lamination 180-200℃, matsin lamba 100-150psi, saurin sanyaya ≤3℃/min.

Siginar IPC mai sauri ≤12.5μm, mai saurin gaske tana buƙatar ≤5μm, wanda za'a iya inganta shi ta hanyar adana sinadarin jan ƙarfe + cikewar electroplating.

Matsakaicin masana'antu shine 75%-85%, kuma yawan amfanin da ake samu daga sama da 6oz na iya faɗuwa ƙasa da 70%.

Sabbin motocin makamashi (caji, inverters), kayayyakin wutar lantarki na masana'antu, kayayyakin wutar lantarki na uwar garken, jiragen sama da sauran fannoni.

Aikace-aikacen lantarki mai ƙarfi na mil 0.8-1.2 na al'ada yana buƙatar mil 1.5-2, wanda ke buƙatar rufe foil ɗin jan ƙarfe don hana rarrafe.

Rage ayyuka na musamman, haɗa kauri foil ɗin jan ƙarfe, faɗaɗa girman batch, kuma a guji yawan hanyoyin rufewa/binnewa.

Ƙarfin maganin maganin jan ƙarfe mai acidic shine kusan 100-150Ah/L, kuma yawan ions na jan ƙarfe da ions na chloride suna buƙatar a yi nazari akai-akai.

Ƙarfin barewar ≥1.5N/mm (1oz), 3oz yana buƙatar ≥2.5N/mm.

Yi amfani da babban Tg substrate (≥170℃), matsin lamba iri ɗaya na lamination, kuma cire tarkacen haƙa ramin a kan lokaci bayan haƙa.

Zafin maganin alkali mai siffar 45-55℃, takamaiman nauyi 1.2-1.3, matsin lamba na feshi 0.8-1.2MPa.

Dole ne a rufe Vias ɗin da abin rufe fuska na solder 100%, kuma girman buɗewar ya fi girman 0.2-0.3mm girma don hana kwararar solder.

Canje-canje a cikin kauri na tagulla yana haifar da canjin juriya. Ya zama dole a kwaikwayi da kuma inganta faɗin layi da kauri na dielectric tare da juriyar ±5%.

Tsarin da aka saba amfani da shi shine 0.3mm, kuma haƙoran laser na iya kaiwa 0.15mm amma tare da tsada mai yawa.

Yana buƙatar wucewa gwajin nutsewa cikin tin sau uku na 260℃/10s ba tare da rabuwar bango ko barewar foil na tagulla ba.

Idan ƙaiƙayin Ra＞3μm ya yi yawa, asarar siginar tana ƙaruwa da kashi 10%-15%, kuma ana buƙatar ƙaramin foil na jan ƙarfe (VLP).

Yi amfani da tsarin foil na tagulla mai raga, ƙara hanyoyin shunt na yanzu, da faɗin layin manyan hanyoyin ≥mil 10.

Na al'ada ≥mil4, ƙarfin lantarki mai yawa yana buƙatar ≥mil8 don hana lalacewar walƙiya.

Yawan yanzu 0.8-1.2A/dm², daidaitaccen iko na yawan ƙari, da lokacin electroplating ya ninka na PCB na yau da kullun sau 2-3.

Yi amfani da na'urar auna haske ta 3D, mai siffar warpage ≤0.7% da kuma nakasar gida ≤0.1mm.

Lokacin nutsewa ≤ daƙiƙa 3, kusurwar jika

Inganta tsarin faifan, rage sharar iyaka, da kuma amfani da tsarin yanki mai kauri na tagulla mai matakai.

Yawan sinadarin palladium ion 0.02-0.05g/L, zafin jiki 30-35℃, yana ɗaukar mintuna 10-15 don tabbatar da cewa bangon ramin ya yi daidai.

Kauri na dielectric mil 1 zai iya jure wa kusan 500V, kuma ana buƙatar tsara tazara tsakanin rufi da tazara tsakanin foil ɗin jan ƙarfe bisa ga matakin ƙarfin lantarki.

Danshin ajiya ≤40%, zafin jiki ≤25℃, marufi akan lokaci bayan an yi masa magani a saman, ta amfani da jakunkuna masu hana danshi + abubuwan bushewa.

Gudun injin niƙa yana juyawa 25,000-30,000 a minti ɗaya, saurin ciyarwa shine 800-1200mm/min don hana ƙonewar gefen.

Gasa a zafin jiki na 150-160℃ na tsawon mintuna 60-90, tauri ≥2H, kuma mannewa ya wuce gwajin giciye.

Faɗin yankin da aka raba ≥mil 20, a guji kusurwoyi masu tsauri, sannan a haɗa layukan wutar lantarki daban-daban ta hanyar jeri.

Taurin Vickers ≥80HV don hana lalacewa da lalacewa ta injiniya.

Tsarin DES, yawan sinadarin potassium permanganate 80-100g/L, zafin jiki 60-70℃, lokaci na minti 15-20.

Yi amfani da kayan dielectric masu ƙarancin Dk/Df, sarrafa ƙaiƙayin foil na jan ƙarfe, kuma inganta ci gaba da amfani da ƙasa.

Ana yin lamination bayan an gama, ana ajiye shi a zafin jiki na 120-150°C na tsawon awanni 2-3 don sakin damuwa.

Yana buƙatar jure wa gogewa da isopropyl alcohol, flux, da sauransu, ba tare da kumburi ko canza launi ba.

Tazara tsakanin ≥mil 20, a guji yawan zafi mai yawa, kuma ana iya ɗaukar tsarin furen plum.

Fasahar electroplating mai bugawa, tazara tsakanin anode da allo tsakanin 10-15cm, kuma a riƙa duba yadda anode ke narkewa akai-akai.

Kudin haƙa Laser ya ninka sau 3-5, amma tare da mafi girman daidaito da ƙaramin buɗewa.

Walda mai nutsewa da azurfa yana da sauri, ENIG yana da babban aminci, kuma OSP yana buƙatar kammala walda cikin awanni 72.

Zaɓi wani abu mai CTE mai kama da na foil ɗin jan ƙarfe (kamar babban Tg FR-4 tare da CTE na kimanin 14ppm/℃) don rage damuwa ta zafi

Ma'aunin IPC yana buƙatar ≤10 pores/cm², kuma aikace-aikacen da aka yi amfani da su sosai suna buƙatar ≤5 pores/cm², wanda za'a iya inganta shi ta hanyar amfani da electroplating ta hanyar rami.

Diamita na kushin = diamita na rami + 0.6mm (na al'ada), kuma ana buƙatar ƙaruwa na 0.1-0.2mm a cikin kauri na tagulla don rama karkacewar ƙwanƙwasa.

Baƙar fata mai juriya ga solder yana da ƙarfin shaƙar zafi, tare da zafin saman 3-5℃ sama da juriya ga solder fari, amma ba shi da tasiri sosai ga watsar da zafi gaba ɗaya.

Kauri na layin nickel 3-5μm, kauri na layin zinare 0.05-0.1μm, maganin plating pH 4.8-5.2, zafin jiki 85-90℃.

Ana amfani da tsarin sarrafa ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, tare da sarrafa adadin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta a 0.5-1μm, ko kuma maganin niƙa na inji.

Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gwaji na al'ada shine 1000V AC/minti 1, kuma aikace-aikacen babban ƙarfin lantarki yana buƙatar ƙaruwa zuwa 2000-5000V AC.

A ƙarƙashin foil ɗin jan ƙarfe mai nauyin oz 3, ana ba da shawarar yawan wayoyi masu gefe ɗaya ya zama ≤15cm²/100cm², kuma allon layuka da yawa suna buƙatar daidaita daidaiton sigina da ƙarfin ɗaukar wutar lantarki.

Ya kamata a yi amfani da ƙarin ƙarfin gwiwa ≥20% domin tabbatar da cewa babu karyewa a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba na injiniya.

±50μm (na al'ada), da kuma allon sauri mai sauri suna buƙatar a inganta su zuwa ±25μm, ta amfani da tsarin sanya laser.

Yana buƙatar jure wa sake yin soldering a 280℃ na tsawon daƙiƙa 5 ba tare da ƙura ko fashewa ba.

Ana amfani da gwajin barewa na 90° don yin rikodin ƙarfin barewa a kowace faɗin raka'a, tare da daidaitaccen ≥1.5N/mm.

Rabon zurfin ramin makafi zuwa diamita na ramin (rabobin al'amari) ≤3:1 don hana cikawa mara kyau ta hanyar amfani da wutar lantarki.

Ya kamata a sarrafa sinadarin phosphorus a cikin layin plating nickel mara lantarki a kashi 7%-9% domin tabbatar da juriya ga tsatsa.

Ana amfani da na'urorin yanka niƙa masu rufi (kamar su shafa TiAlN), kuma ana maye gurbin na'urorin yanka niƙa akai-akai (ana maye gurbinsu a duk lokacin da aka sarrafa su sau 50-100).

Sarrafa ci gaba da juriya, rage tsawon ta hanyar Stub, yi amfani da watsa siginar bambanci, da kuma ƙara layin kariya.

±10% (na al'ada), da aikace-aikacen da suka dace da inganci suna buƙatar a sarrafa su cikin ±5%.

Gwajin giciye-cut, kuma ya cancanta idan yankin 脱落 bayan bare tef ɗin ya kasance ≤5%.

Ana amfani da jan ƙarfe mai siffar grid (tazara tsakanin grid ≤mil 10) don daidaita ɗaukar wutar lantarki da dawowar sigina.

Damuwar da ke da ƙarfi ≤15MPa, matsin lamba mai ƙarfi ≤10MPa, don hana lalacewar foil ɗin jan ƙarfe.

Babu wani ragowar resin ko tarkace da aka haƙa, wanda aka tabbatar ta hanyar lura da sashin ƙarfe.

Bayan tsufa a 85℃/85% RH na tsawon awanni 168, bambancin launi ΔE≤3.

Ana amfani da na'urar tantancewa ta saman don auna ƙimar Ra, kuma Ra na foil ɗin jan ƙarfe na yau da kullun shine ≤5μm.

Tashar 0.5mm guda ɗaya na iya ɗaukar kimanin 0.5-1A, kuma ana buƙatar ƙayyade adadin tayoyin bisa ga ainihin buƙatar da ake da ita a halin yanzu.

Ana amfani da na'urar auna haske ta X-ray (XRF) don auna kauri na layin jan ƙarfe a wurare daban-daban, tare da karkacewa ≤10%.

Juriyar girman zane ±0.1mm, karkacewar kusurwa ±0.5°.

Daidaita tasirin tashar, inganta yanayin alamun, da kuma rage alamun kusurwar dama da kuma rashin daidaituwar tasirin tasirin.

Ana iya magance ƙarancin iskar shaka ta hanyar amfani da sinadarai masu ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, kuma iskar shaka mai tsanani tana buƙatar sake yin magani.

Tashin hankali na allo 25-35N/cm, matsin lamba na matsewa 3-5kg/cm, gudun 30-50mm/s.

Layin wutar lantarki da kuma layin ƙasa suna kusa, an haɗa layukan sigina a tsakiya, kuma ana sarrafa daidaiton kauri na matsakaici.

Ana amfani da na'urar gwajin taurin micro-Vickers, tare da nisan da ke tsakanin wuraren gwaji ≥0.5mm, kuma ana ɗaukar matsakaicin ƙimar.

Ana amfani da wurin da aka sanya alamar alama, kuma ana gano karkacewar kuma ana rama ta ta hanyar na'urar AOI.

Bayan shafa 500 (matsi 500g), babu wata alama ta lalacewa ko fallasa tagulla.

Yi amfani da kayan Layer na buffer (kamar fina-finan manne masu amfani da zafi) ko kuma tsara ramukan rage damuwa.

Ana iya amfani da toshewar resin + farfajiyar electroplating, ko kuma cika manna da solder sannan a goge.

Ana amfani da hanyar shigar iskar gas ko kuma na'urar hangen nesa ta ƙarfe don ƙididdige adadin ramuka a kowane yanki na na'urar.

Yawan gudu yana iya haifar da burrs, kuma ƙarancin gudu yana shafar inganci, wanda ke buƙatar a daidaita shi gwargwadon kauri na jan ƙarfe.

Ƙara tazara tsakanin alamun (ƙa'idar ≥3W), saka layukan garkuwar ƙasa, kuma inganta rarrabawar layukan hanya.

Damuwar da ta rage za ta haifar da nakasar foil ɗin jan ƙarfe da tsagewa, wanda hakan zai rage dogaro na dogon lokaci.

Ana iya sake buga lahani na gida da hannu, kuma ana buƙatar sake buga lahani na manyan wurare a kuma warkar da su.

Tazarar da aka samu ta hanyar ≥mil20, ana ƙididdige adadin bisa ga buƙatar da ke ɗauke da wutar lantarki, kuma an rarraba su daidai gwargwado.

Ana amfani da hanyar watsa hasken X-ray ko gwajin zoben damuwa don auna ƙimar damuwa ta ciki.

Babban tauri zai haifar da rashin daidaituwa a cikin electroplating kuma yana ƙara bambancin kauri na jan ƙarfe na rami.

Bayan gwajin tsufa na UV (awanni 500), babu wani canji ko alli.

Rufin zinare mai tauri yana da tsawon lokacin sakawa da cirewa na fiye da sau 1000, kuma tsarin nutsewa na zinare yana da kusan sau 50-100.

Kudin makafi da aka binne ya fi na ramukan da aka binne da kashi 30%-50% girma, kuma karuwar farashin ya fi muhimmanci idan aka yi amfani da tagulla mai kauri.